Systematic-Review-Drug-Efficiency-Dissertation-Sample-Work-Tutors-India
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) as the name suggests is a progressive disorder with no known aetiology. It is characterised by the thickening of the alveoli due to scarring resulting in cough. It is known to primarily occur in older adults over 60 years of age. The findings of IPF have a known association of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP) (Raghu et al., 2011; Kawano-Dourado & Kairalla, 2013; Wells, 2013). It has been deemed that the prognosis is generally poor when UIP has been confirmed (King et al., 2001b). The median survival rate of IPF is 50%, typically around two years after diagnosis (Raghu et al., 2011; King et al., 2001b).
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) as the name suggests is a progressive disorder with no known aetiology. It is characterised by the thickening of the alveoli due to scarring resulting in cough. It is known to primarily occur in older adults over 60 years of age. The findings of IPF have a known association of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP) (Raghu et al., 2011; Kawano-Dourado & Kairalla, 2013; Wells, 2013). It has been deemed that the prognosis is generally poor when UIP has been confirmed (King et al., 2001b). The median survival rate of IPF is 50%, typically around two years after diagnosis (Raghu et al., 2011; King et al., 2001b).
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Of the studies considered for the systematic review, two studies are specified as ‘double<br />
blind’ RCTs whereas only one study has not provided any such information regarding<br />
blinding (Behr et al 16 , Huang et al 17 ). There were specific patient characteristics which were<br />
used in the previous researches to recruit patients. In the study by Behr et al 18 , patients with<br />
an forced vital capacity (FVC) of 50–90 per cent is considered for the research wherein the<br />
diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide of the lungs, represented as ‘DLCO’ should be<br />
around 30-90 per cent. However, as the study also recruited patients from Italy, the DLCO for<br />
Italian patients was considered to be around 35-90 per cent. Furthermore, these patients<br />
should have been receiving pirfenidone to at least 1602 mg/day or even higher amounts for at<br />
least 8 weeks prior randomisation. However, the study by Huang et al 19 recruited patients<br />
with IFP at mild to moderate levels of impairment in the pulmonary functions wherein the<br />
percentage of FVC should be at least 45 per cent and the percentage of the predicted DLCO<br />
was considered to be at least 30 per cent and PaO2 of at least 50 mmHg when the patient rests<br />
and breathes room air. The study by Sakamoto et al 20 considered patients diagnosed with<br />
advanced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis wherein the stages considered are Japanese<br />
Respiratory Society stage III/IV IPF; furthermore, patients with relative decline in the values<br />
of FVC of greater than or equal to 10 per cent within the 6 months (±2 months) prior<br />
randomisation are also considered in the previous research by Sakamoto et al 21 .<br />
16 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27161257<br />
17<br />
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26496265<br />
18<br />
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27161257<br />
19<br />
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26496265<br />
20<br />
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25639750<br />
21 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25639750<br />
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