Project Management PhD Research Proposal Sample

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PHD RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Project management is an area within organizational theory and practice that is constantly evolving.
In the age of globalization and the overwhelming surplus of supply over demand, companies,
institutions and all others have to undertake large-scale actions - projects that mean and make changes
to the existing state. As the significance of change and management skills has increased, so the
importance of projects has increased. But while the goals announce changes, the projects realize them.
It has to be said that projects always happen as something new. All project activities should, as a rule,
be exceptions from what they have seen and done, rarely or rarely in the organization. That's why
some think that project management should be treated as a management of exceptions. In this graduate
thesis, the area of project management will be dealt with in its widespread contemporary English sense
as a whole enterprise and as a means of achieving predetermined goals. Such a project is characterized
by a specific project approach to the organization, which will also be explained, and process
management and elimination of potential risks to the project. In addition, the work will attempt to
discern and explain the methodology and significance of project management in business processes,
organization, monitoring, planning and implementation of a project organization's activities, with
emphasis on techniques and tools used in the day-to-day work of the project team. Particular attention
will be given to the techniques of network planning and the types of organizational structures, and the
definition of project objectives and scope of the project, as well as the identification of problems that
may arise during project management. Furthermore, the concept of complexity, i.e. complexity of
projects, their structure and key parameters will be clarified. In the second part of the paper, more
detailed and well-explained network planning techniques will be presented on the real example of a
large and complex project, with practical examples, solutions, improvement possibilities, and basic
performance criteria for each project, for example, one project management company.
Unlike some other areas in which humanity has been built, the science of project management is
relatively young, although retrospectively, they could talk to various historical endeavors, even when
building up the Egyptian pyramids or the Chinese wall, in this case, emphasis should be given to the
period closer to the past. Project management as a discipline occurs early, and it is in the midst of the
twentieth century that bloom itself (most professional articles and texts appear only after 1960.
Although project management as a discipline was recognized only fifteen years ago, projects have
always been carried out but with different Special efforts in the development of adequate
methodologies that are being recognized today have been made in the 1950s. While in these years the
emphasis was on engineering and construction industries, heavy metallurgy and the defense sector
(especially in the United States) began with the development of mathematical techniques for managing
project projects that are still being exploited today. This aspect of project management relies on

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PHD RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT
operational research and management science, where complex situations have been mathematically
dealt with in order to make the appropriate decisions. This mathematical thinking prepossessed all the
while ago and the project management has more access from an engineering point of view rather than
an economic one. So, there was a need, and the need is precisely the generator of creating not only
projects, but also the entire macroeconomic and microsystems. Thus, the projects are everywhere and
they all lead or participate in them - however, the area of project management knowledge remains
somewhat undiscovered and there are still problems in the projects at places where we least expect
them. In the 1950s, the US Navy used modern project management methodologies in its Polaris project.
During the 1960s and 1970s, the US Department of Defense, NASA, and major engineers and
construction companies used the principles and tools of "project management" to guide high-budget,
planned-managed projects. In the 1980s, software production and development sectors adopt and
implement sophisticated knowledge in project management. Until the 1990s, theories, tools and
techniques of project management were widely accepted by various organizations and industry
branches. Today's very widespread and multifaceted notion of a project, in the global world where
English and English-American technical and other cultures have prevailed, most often has the meaning
of a pre-conceived or specific, often unique, whole enterprise that it wants and intends to carry out in a
specific time and space, for a specific purpose with certain material and financial resources. The project
is a time-bound venture undertaken to create a unique product or service. The project has three basic
interdependent elements of tasks, resources and time. The word project comes from the Latin word
projectum and its derivative of the projector which means - to throw something forward. In essence,
the project refers to something that was first created or conceived, and then spatially or temporally
directed forward. In our earlier and current technical terminology, as well as in other Slavic and
Eastern European peoples, the expressions of the project and design have the significance of the
English word design. In this context, the project means a description of what needs to be done, built or
produced, and designing means the process of designing a project. In defining the concept of the
project, we face a whole series of problems, but this is the case with most expert terms from the
scientific field of management and organization. Because the problem of the adequacy of the translation
of English terminology, and the inconsistency and overlap in terms of conceptual and semantic
meaning, it is first of all to clarify the basic similarities and differences between the project, the process,
or the operation. All three of the above state share some common characteristics, ie have a goal and
purpose, are performed by people, have limited resources, and are planned, implemented and
controlled. Although it is clear that the business process, project and program will define these concepts
for further clarification. Contrary to continuous production processes, despite the enormous
advancement of computer science and the application of computing, projects still depend on the human
factor as a very important participant in the processes from idea to realization of the project. The
concept of a project is used to describe the activities that enterprises or organizations do not perform
every day, but such activities are carried out occasionally and, if necessary, they are unique and
temporary. The term process means a set of daily activities of an organization that continuously and
routinely transforms certain organizational inputs into the desired outsourcing. In the military, being a
process means a series of repeating activities. The basic difference between the project and the process
is in the uniqueness of the project. Similarly, the process has no definite endpoints or clear endpoints,
but only an autonomously defined task and work activity. The term program implies planned and
organized work that is undertaken for achieving long-term goals and often consists of several related

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PHD RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT
projects that have a common goal, strategies for achieving them, rules and values. It should also be said
that in practice, the program often does not fully achieve its goals, instead the program achieves the
goals of individual projects that are complementary to those of the program and organization in which
it is implemented. Projects are carried out at all organizational levels. They can include from one to
several thousand people. They have a shelf life of several weeks to several years. They can also include
from one department of a particular organization to several organizations interconnected by partner
relationships or joint ventures. The project can take place in all areas of human activity. It can be talked
about projects such as harmonization of laws and regulations with the laws of the European Union,
implementation of school reform, modernization of railways, restructuring of the economy,
construction of public facilities, reconstruction, landscaping and rehabilitation of illegal construction,
waste management, reconstruction and modernization of production, etc. Projects are critical for the
realization of organizational strategies because of the fact that they are the means of implementing the
strategy, they are trying to overcome the gap between the existing and the desired situation through
them. Projects are generally possible in the following business situations: the development of a new
product or service; changes in the organizational structure; adoption and development of a new or
modified information system; constructing a new plant or factory; the introduction of a new
organizational culture; implementing a new business process or process.
Projects may vary depending on the industry branch, objectives, place of performance, size, method
of financing, economic efficiency, degree of technology, degree of concretization, and frequency of
repetition (for example, one-time and project processes), duration and relation to processes in the
enterprise. The projects consist of a wide range of production and service activities. Large objects, such
as ships, passenger aircraft and rocket launchers, are produced on a project basis. Each unit is produced
as a single product, and the production process is often stationary, so materials and workers must be
delivered to the project. It comes to the conclusion that in each project-oriented situation there is
someone (a client, a customer or a project sponsor) who has a unique need for something new and
some (unfortunately, often indefinite) expectations regarding the result of the project (creation) and
someone requires knowledge and resources to realize a specific concept within time, budget constraints
and defined output characteristics. Projects encompass a range of intellectual and manufacturing
activities such as: development, plan definition, design, procurement, construction - assembly, job
management and monitoring, testing and quality control, handover and commissioning.
References
Carayanis, E. G., Kwak, Y. H. & Anbari, F. T. (2005). The Story of Managing Projects: An
Interdisciplinary Approach, Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group.
Newell, M. W. (2005). Preparing for the Project Management Professional (PMP) Certification Exam;
Third Edition, New York: AMACOM Div. American Mgmt. Assn.
O'Brien, J. J., & Plotnick, F. L. (1999). CPM In Construction Management, New York: McGraw – Hill
Professional.
Morris, P. W. G. (1994). The Management of Projects, London: Thomas Telford.