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4TH LECTURE Nationalism, Socialism, and Violent Revolution Marxian ikxtrine ik>esn't i>€vy the KissiBamr of ABsoiirnE ttujth, but it nuinuim thjt abtolutr truth can be attained only in the classless society. Or in the proletarian i Lw% uvierv LcninX nuin bk'. or at lea« hit hkhi \T>luminou» book (now available in the Collected W'oficj tV' /.mtn). led u>nie people to call him a philosopher. Most ot" Lenin's critique ol'the kieas t^his advmanes cotnncs of calling them "bourgeois " Lenin s philosophy » merriy a rrctatcmeni of the philosm his s%Titmgt tnnn all potnts o( v»cw. The inrtucm c ot Marx on j// authors ^nnsiderable. esrn though it is not muolK admitted thai these authors ssere intluenced b\ Marx Although Marxians considered themscKrs soleh inferpreten of Mam, one Marxian, tnie writer. asUed s«mKihing and had a an>ng influence, not (Min^tns Z\Tm» IÎN^shcî. I'AW) — EJ |
NATIONALISM. SOCIALISM. AND VIOLENT REVOLUTION :"^,^"^! ''l^.r"^ "^^ ^*^-^' b"t also on other authors. Georges Sorcl (1847-19221—not to be confUsed with Albert Sorel [1842-19061- an .mporum hmorun, developed a philosophy in many respects different from the Marxian phUosophy. And it influenced poHtical action and phUowphic thinking. Sorel was a timid bourgeois inteUectual, an engineer He rrorcd to discuss these things with his friends at a bookshop owned by Charie* Peguy |1873-1914]. a revolutionary socialist. In the course of the years. Peguy changed his opinions and at the end of his Ufe he was a very ardent C:aihoIic author. Peguy had serious conflicts with his family Peguy was remarkable for his intercourse with Sorel. Peguy was a man of action; he died in acuon in 1914 in the first weeks of the war. SorrI belonged psychologically to the group of people who dream of at tion but never act; he didn't fight. As a writer, however, Sorel was very aggressive. He praised cruelty and deplored the fact that cruelty is more and more disappearing fmm our life. In one of his books. Reflections on I lolrtur, he considered it a manifestation of decay that Marxian parties, calling themselves revolutionary, had degenerated into parliamentary parties. Where is the revolution if you are in Parhament? He also didn't Hke labor unions. He thought the labor unions should abandon the hopeless venture of seeking higher wage rates and should adopt, instead of this conservative pattern, the revolutionary process. Sorel saw clearly the contradiction in the system of Marx who spoke of revolution on the one hand and then said, "The coming of socialism I* inevitable, and you cannot accelerate its coming because socialism cannot come before the material productive forces have achieved all that IS possible within the frame of the old society." Sorel saw that this idea of inevitability was contradictory to the idea of revolution. This is the contradiction all socialists ask themselves about—Kautsky, for one. Sorel completely adopted the idea of revolution. Sorel asked of the labor unions a new tactic, action directs—amck, destroy, sabotage. He considered these aggressive policies only preliminary to the great day when the unions would declare a "general strike." That is the day when the unions will declare "Now we don't work at all. We want to destroy the life of the nation completely." General strike is only a synonym for the live revolution. The idea of action directe is called "syndicalism." Syndicalism can mean ownership of the industry by the workers. Socialists mean bv this term ownership by the state and operation for the account of the people. Sorel wanted to attain this by revolution. He didn't 29
Page 1: UUDWIGVON MTSES Marxism Unmasked Fr
Page 4 and 5: Luiwk; von MisEs
Page 6 and 7: 11m h.m4 n fHiMnhc«J W thr hnrnd^t
Page 9: Acknowledgments The lectures by Lud
Page 12 and 13: MARXISM UNMASKED iv*as ine\itable.
Page 14 and 15: MARXISM UNMASKED production will no
Page 16 and 17: MARXISM UNMASKED ^ His answer was n
Page 18 and 19: MARXISM UNMASKED and even if the in
Page 21 and 22: 1st lecture Mind, Materialism, and
Page 23 and 24: Ford, do^"::^ z :z^^zitT '" ^ i*- "
Page 25 and 26: ""'—'•"'"- '-r.,,„,„. which
Page 27 and 28: MATERIALISM, AND THE FATE OF MAN l.
Page 29 and 30: H. con! H .^ . o 17c > ' MIND. MATE
Page 31 and 32: 2nd lecture Class Conflict and Revo
Page 33 and 34: ""^ "^" '" ^'"' "vo.ux.ow.av soc.us
Page 35 and 36: CLASS co.,ucr^ ,„,,,„„^^^^ ^^
Page 37 and 38: ^-"CONP-CT ..o aBvo.u.,o..av socuus
Page 39 and 40: iKli LECTURE Individualism and the
Page 41 and 42: """'"""^"'" '"^ "^ —TM« KBVO.UT.
Page 43 and 44: INDIVIDUALISM AND THE INDUSTRIAL RE
Page 45 and 46: INDIVIDUALISM AND THE INDUSTRIAL RE
Page 47: INDIVIDUALISM AND THE INDUSTRIAL RE
Page 51 and 52: NATÂL.SM. SOC.AL.SM. ANO V.OLHNT R
Page 53 and 54: NATÔN^M. SOC.AUSM. ..o V.OLHNT aHV
Page 55 and 56: NATIONALISM. SOCIALISM. AND VIOLENT
Page 57 and 58: NATIONALISM. SOCIALISM. AND VIOLENT
Page 59 and 60: MARXISM AND THE MANIPULATION OF MAN
Page 67 and 68: ( iiinoc MARXISM AND THE MANIPULATI
Page 71 and 72: SAVINGS, INVESTMENT. AND ECONOMIC C
Page 73 and 74: SAVINGS. INVESTMENT. AND ECONOMIC C
Page 79 and 80: AviNCt, INVetTMENT. AND ECONOMIC CA
Page 81 and 82: 7tm lecture Money, Interest, and th
Page 83 and 84: M U S 1 ^ . ; S I i K i S I . A M>
Page 85 and 86: MONEY INTEREST. AND THE BUSINESS CY
Page 87 and 88: MUStY. ISIlKiST. AND TM£ BL'SISESS
Page 89 and 90: MONEY. INTEaEST. AND THE SUflNESS C
Page 91 and 92: MONEY. INTEREST. AND THE BUSINESS C
Page 93 and 94: MONEY. INTEREtT. AND THE BUSINESS C
Page 95 and 96: MONEY. INTEREST. AND THE BUSINESS C
Page 97 and 98: 8tm lecture Profit and Loss, Privat
Page 99 and 100:
PROFIT AND LOSS. PRIVATE PROPERTY.
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mOFIT AND LOtf. PRIVATE PItOPERTY.
Page 103 and 104:
PROPIT AND LOSS. miVATE PROPERTY. A
Page 105 and 106:
FROPIT AND LOSS. PaiVATE PROPCIK.TV
Page 107 and 108:
mOFIT AND LOSS. miVATE mOPERTY. AND
Page 109 and 110:
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS AND THE SPiaiT
Page 111 and 112:
t FOREIGN INVESTMENTS AND THE SriRI
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FOREIGN INVESTMENTS AND THE SPIRIT
Page 115 and 116:
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS AND THE SPIRIT
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POKEfCN INVESTMENTS AND THE SfiRIT
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FOREIGN INVESTMENTS AND THE SPIIIIT
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FOaEICN INVESTMENTS AMD THE SPIRIT
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" Abteoce di pUnninK" upuntvn, 46 A
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31 FairDcallS rcocnl tvocrvt Boiwi,
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ManoMn-Lcmmun-Solinnm. 1. 17 Mauryk
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FOUNDATION FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION ^
Page 131 and 132:
^' "'•f -'m UFM FRANCISCO MARROOl
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