Nerve Research Foundation - University of Sydney

The Nerve Research Foundation | The University of Sydney 

Institute of Clinical Neurosciences | Royal Prince Alfred Hospital 

Annual Report 2004

Contents 

President and Directors’ Report - Nerve Research Foundation..........................1 

Highlights .......................................................................................................2 

Members of the Nerve Research Foundation 2004 ..........................................3 

Higher Degree Students 2004 - University of Sydney ......................................4 

Chairman’s Report - Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, RPAH .........................5 

Research 2004 - University of Sydney.............................................................6 

Research 2004 - Royal Prince Alfred Hospital ...............................................12 

Staff - Nerve Research Foundation (The University of Sydney) ........................16 

Staff - Institute of Clinical Neurosciences (Royal Prince Alfred Hospital) ..........17 

Refereed Publications ...................................................................................20 

Published Conference Proceedings and Abstracts 2004................................24 

Invited Lectures and Seminars.......................................................................27 

Research Grants 2004 ................................................................................28 

2004 Record of Attendances - Institute of Clinical Neurosciences ................29 

Statement of Income and Expenditure - Nerve Research Foundation..............30 

Balance Sheet - Nerve Research Foundation ...............................................31 

Benefactors in 2004 - Nerve Research Foundation ........................................32 

Cover Image 

Photomicrograph of rat peripheral nerve cells showing varicosities following laser treatment. This is part of an experimental 

model to discover a mechnism by which laser therapy was effective in the treatment of chronic neck pain in a large clinical trial. 

R Chow, PJ Armati

President and Directors’ Report 

Nerve Research Foundation 

In 2004 work supported by the Nerve Research Foundation resulted in several 

important advances highlights of which are described in the body of this report. 

The foundation in 2004 supported work into Multiple Sclerosis, Peripheral 

Neuropathy, Motor Neuron Disease, and Pain, Disorders of hearing and balance 

and Alzheimer's disease. Foundation funds not only allowed the purchase of 

equipment and consumables for research, but also provided salaries for young 

research workers. In addition the Foundation provided travel funds so that 

research students could travel to relevant overseas conferences and to visit 

leading overseas laboratories. 

We wish to thank our many benefactors who have given generously to support 

the work of the foundation. Among individuals, special mention should be made 

to Mr John Armati, Dr Ruth Kerr, Mr & Mrs James Graham. The pharmaceutical 

companies Schering, Biogen-Idec, Serono and Sanofi / Aventis have continued 

to generously support the Foundation. 

Special thanks are due to Mrs Diane Watson who once again organised a 

wonderful Fund Raising event at the Royal Motor Yacht Club, and also to Hugh 

Riminton who was an outstanding master of ceremonies and gave generously of 

his time. 

The Annual Rikki O'Neil Lecture in 2004 was a wonderful event at the 

conservatorium of music generously supported by Schering. Our lecturer 

Professor Klaus Toyka from Wurzburg gave a challenging lecture and then 

entertained us with his violin playing Brahms & Cesar Franck and was ably 

accompanied by Luke Byrne on piano. 

Nerve Research Foundation researchers have continued to win competitive 

funding as described in the body of this report. However these funds are not 

sufficient to purchase new and expensive technologies and the consumables 

which are necessary to facilitate complex research projects. 

Funds raised by the Nerve Research Foundation supporters have complemented 

these grants and scholarships and greatly strengthened the research effort. We 

are most grateful to all who have helped in various ways to improve the outlook 

for patients with these disabling neurological diseases. 

Professor J D Pollard - Co-director 

Associate Professor P J Armati - Co-director 

The Nerve Research Foundation 

Institute of Clinical Neurosciences 

John Pollard 

Patricia Armati 

Annual Report 2004 | 1 |

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Highlights 

Ariel Arthur a Ph.D Student in the department of Medicine has used blood cells 

from M.S patients for genetic microarray studies. In collaboration with Dr David 

Booth, Professor Graeme Stewart from Westmead, and Professors Armati and 

Pollard from the department of Medicine, it was shown that patients with primary 

progressive MS but not other forms of the disease have upregulated a particular 

gene. This is the first time that a unique genetic marker has been shown for a 

particular clinical subtype of M.S. 

Professor John Prineas and Dr Michael Barnett published their work on early 

pathological changes in M.S in the most prestigious neurological journal. This 

study has created a great deal of interest and controversy since it shows that the 

demyelination (myelin loss) which occurs in M.S is not a primary autimmune 

event, as was previously thought, but occurs secondarily to damage to the cell 

which produces and maintains the myelin. This important discovery may well 

change the direction of M.S research. 

Professor Pollard, Professor Banati and Professor Bennett received a grant of 1 

million dollars over 5 years from the NSW Department of Health Spinal Cord and 

other Neurological Diseases Initiative. This group will be working collaboratively on 

studies examining the contribution of the innate immune system (microglia and 

macrophages) to the pathological changes which occur in inflammatory diseases 

such as M.S (Prineas) and Neuropathy (Pollard) and how these cells influence 

neurons (Banati & Bennett). Professor Banati will utilise the new animal P.E.T 

machine, provided by the Ramacciotti Foundation to study the role of microglia 

and macrophages in living animals. 

Dr Roger Pamphlett further developed his team which is focussed on research 

into Motor Neuron disease. Funded by a generous bequest of $500,000 Dr 

Pamphlett has assembled a team of Geneticists, Molecular Biologists, 

Pathologists and Neurologists to investigate the interplay between genetic and 

environmental factors in the cause of this disease. To facilitate this research Dr 

Pamphlett has also developed a DNA bank from motor neuron disease patients 

Australia wide. 

Dr Simon Hawke returned from Imperial College London to set up his important 

research into Prion Diseases in the University of Sydney. This work has been 

made possible by a 1.3 million dollar grant from the Medical Foundation at the 

University. 

Sravan Mandadi a Ph.D student working with Professor Roufagalis and Professor 

Armati defined the mechanism by which the main pain receptor in peripheral 

nerve could be inhibited, in a tissue culture model. This finding has important 

implications for the development of new therapies.

Members of the Nerve Research Foundation 

2004 

Council 

■ Mr R Low, Vice President 

■ Professor JD Pollard, Co-Director 

■ Associate Professor PJ Armati, Co-Director 

■ The Hon Justice Kim Santow, Chancellor, University of Sydney 

■ Ms Renata Kaldor, Deputy Chancellor, University of Sydney 

■ Ms R O’Neill 

■ Mr J Armati, AOM 

■ Dr R Kerr 

■ Dr J Milburn 

■ Dr J Walsh 

■ Mr R Wallace 

■ Professor R Ouvrier 

Scientific Committee 

■ Professor J Pollard 

■ Associate Professor P Armati 

■ Professor R Ouvrier 

■ Professor A Coates 

■ Professor J Young, AO 

Honorary Governors 


■ Mr J Armati, AOM 

Honorary Life Members 

■ Mr DL Jacobs 


■ Dr R Kerr 

■ Mr J Baker 

■ Mr E Barnum 

■ Mr R Wallace 

■ Mr S Carroll, AO 





Higher Degree Students 

2004 

NERVE RESEARCH FOUNDATION 

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 

■ S Mandadi 

■ P Spring 

■ C Kok 

■ T Lin 

■ S S Lin 

■ M Barnett 

■ A Arthur 

■ M David 

■ J Lu 

■ F Wang 

■ C Vacher 

Master of Science (MSc) 

■ A Henderson 

Honours students (Hons) 

■ N Jufas 

Awards 

■ Shin Shin Lin was awarded the prize for the best young investigators 

presentation at the INDAPS conference Singapore 2004 

INSTITUTE OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 

■ A Bowman 

■ S Hicks 

■ J Kim 

■ S K McPhedran 

■ S C Goonetilleke 

■ R Black 

■ A Bradshaw 

■ G Monasterio 

■ C Kersaitis 

■ V Young 

■ E Schofield 

■ J Morahan 

■ N Lambert 

■ K Alexander 

■ Y Saihara 

■ T Iwazaki 

■ D Wheeler 

■ I Hepner 

■ R Dempsey 

Master of Science (MSc) 

■ M Thurtell 

■ S Jacek 

Honours students (Hons) 

■ D Clark 

■ W Yi 

■ S Howell 

■ D McHugh

Chairman’s Report 

Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, RPAH 

The Institute of Clinical Neurosciences is the collection of clinical units at RPAH 

responsible for providing medical care for neurological diseases. There are many 

aspects of this care and some of them are discussed in the remainder of this 

report. It is worthwhile highlighting some of the regular activities of the institute and 

thinking about how they relate to research in neuroscience. 

The stroke unit, which opened last year, is well established and its existence has 

enabled significant improvements in stroke management. There has been a 

substantial increase in the number of stroke patients we have treated with clot 

dissolving (thrombolytic) therapy. This therapy must be given within the first few 

hours after stroke to be effective and organizing patients from the ambulance to 

receiving treatment within this time limit requires enthusiasm at all hours of the day 

and night. Our success in achieving this has been largely due to the efforts of our 

stroke fellow Dr David Ashton and our stroke nurse Sr. Robyn Greninger who have 

played key roles in educating the Casualty and Radiology staff. During the year 

we have seen some miraculous recoveries as a result of thrombolysis. By the 

middle of 2005 we will have a research trial underway to test a new treatment for 

strokes caused by bleeding into the brain. Combined with the established 

thrombolysis therapy this will enable us to offer acute treatment to all patients with 

stroke who arrive at the hospital within the first few hours after their stroke. The 

key element in improving the lot of patients with stroke is now to educate the 

community about the importance of treating stoke as an emergency. Every minute 

after a stroke sees more brain tissue lost. 

Medical education remains a major focus of the institute and it is worthwhile 

considering the number of people who pass through our wards in the course of 

a year. We had two neurology and two neurosurgical registrars throughout the 

year and a further eight junior registrars came through on three month rotations. 

Two of those registrars are now enrolled in research degrees. Fifty of the 

University's second year medical students had ten tutorials each, 24 third year 

students spent a three week attachment with us and four overseas students 

spent an average of six weeks on the ward. At any one time there are four new 

nursing graduates on the ward and a total of more than 20 hours each week is 

contributed to post graduate education of medical registrars by senior medical 

staff. This is all in addition to the research studies that are the main focus of the 

rest of this report. The business of teaching hospitals is both delivering care to 

patients and teaching the science and art of medicine to our students. This 

dovetails with the business of the Nerve Research Foundation, which is adding to 

the body of medical knowledge. 

Health care delivery is based upon education, which is based upon research. 

Without the fundamentals of research we would have nothing to deliver to patients 

or to teach to the next generation of doctors. I commend the work of the Nerve 

Research Foundation to you. 

Associate Professor Leo Davies 





Research 2004 

University of Sydney 

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 

IMMUNOPATHOLOGY OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 

J Prineas, M Barnett, I Sutton 

Professor Prineas and his group have continued their work into the earliest 

pathological changes in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesions. In last years report we 

described the exciting finding from this group, that the earliest abnormality was 

death by apoptosis of the oligodendrocyte, the cell which in the central nervous 

system manufactures and maintains myelin, the insulating material around nerve 

fibres. The group has been testing the hypothesis that antimyelin antibodies may 

be responsible for this change but the evidence on this point remains equivocal 

at this stage. 

Professor Prineas has found that in the earliest lesion the myelin is already dead 

and its removal depends largely on simple scavenging activity by macrophages. 

This process of demyelination was previously considered to be a specific 

autoimmune attack on myelin. 

These findings have shifted the attention of research to the oligodendrocyte rather 

than the myelin, and to factors which lead to its damage. 

Dr Barnett is an NH&MRC Postgraduate Scholar and his work was assisted by a 

Grant from Pfizer. 

GENE EXPRESSION IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 

A Arthur, D Booth, G Stewart, P J Armati, J D Pollard 

Multiple Sclerosis remains a disease of unknown aetiology despite more than 100 

years of intense research. We have applied a powerful new technique to the 

study of MS called gene array analysis. This technique allows the researcher to 

study which genes are upregulated or down regulated in a given condition. 

Ariel Arthur studied genes in immune cells in patients with different forms of MS; 

relapsing remitting, primary progressive and secondary progressive patients, and 

also patients in relapse were compared to those in remission. One exciting finding 

is that one particular gene is upregulated in patients with primary progressive 

disease - but not in other patients. This finding is important since despite 

differences in clinical features these patients show no other MRI or pathological 

differences from those with the more common form of MS. This finding may help 

explain why their clinical course is different. In November 2004, the NRF 

generously funded Ariel to attend the Multiple Sclerosis Australia - Progress in MS 

Research meeting in Melbourne where she presented a poster. 

Ariel Arthur has an Australian Postgraduate Award and the project is funded by 

donations from the Nerve Research Foundation and Calcifer / Jesk Postgraduate 

Student Fund.

LONG TERM SURVIVAL OF PEOPLE WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 

J G McLeod, M Barnett, D B Williams, P Macaskill, S Day 

Professor McLeod and his team have continued their important epidemiological 

studies in MS. These studies which showed a marked influence of latitude on 

disease prevalence in Australia have provided the impetus for a number of large 

Australia wide collaborative studies which are examining the possible basis for this 

effect. Two areas of interest are the role of sunlight and vitamin D, which clearly 

changes with latitude and the role of childhood infections. 

In 2004 Professor McLeod began a study of the life expectancy of MS patients 

in Newcastle and the rate of progression of their disability is being studied. This 

project is ongoing. 

CLINICAL TRIALS IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 

J Spies, A Henderson, M Barnett, L Pallot, B Roediger, J D Pollard 

Our group has continued to participate in International therapeutic trials in MS 

including the various trials of Beta Interferon. These agents represent a significant 

advance in MS therapy but there is a continuing search for more effective and 

convenient therapies. In 2004 we participated in a trial supported by Wyeth 

Pharmaceuticals of an oral immune suppressive agent. This trial is continuing, and 

the results are not yet known. 

In addition we participated in a trial in which a molecule (Tysabri) is administrated 

monthly by intravenous infusion. Tysabri is designed to prevent activated 

lymphocytes from entering the brain or spinal cord. The data from the first year of 

this trial appeared very promising since Tysabri reduced the attack rate in 

relapsing and remitting patients by 70% and there was a 90% reduction in new 

lesion formation (as seen by MRI) compared to controls. Unfortunately Tysabri was 

voluntarily withdrawn from the market since two patients who were also receiving 

Interferon treatment, developed a serious viral brain disease. 

The manufacturing company (Biogen Idec) are working with various Health and 

Safety authorities to assess whether Tysabri may be safely used as sole therapy. 





PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY 

Our group has continued its research into the causes and treatment of 

inflammatory neuropathy. Although our studies and those of others have improved 

the outlook for patients with these neuropathies, the cause of these diseases 

remains enigmatic and better and more affordable treatments are needed. Our 

work has focussed on the two common disorders the Guillain Barre Syndrome 

(GBS) and its chronic counterpart, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating 

Polyneuropathy (CIDP). 

ANTIBODIES IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING 

POLYNEUROPATHY 

J Tzeng, M X Wang, J Spies, J D Pollard 

Patients with CIDP often respond to treatment by plasma exchange which 

reduces harmful antibodies from the circulation, and also to treatment with 

intravenous immunoglobulin, which may neutralize pathogenic antibodies. For this 

reason we have examined the sera of CIDP patients for anti-nerve antibodies. 

More than 40% of patients studied in 2004 by Dr J Tzeng showed antibody 

binding to myelin / Schwann cell complex by immunofluoresence and conduction 

block when antibodies were injected into rat sciatic nerve. 

We are currently analyzing these antibodies to find the target molecule in nerve to 

which they are directed. These interesting findings provide a rationale for the 

treatment effect described above and we are analyzing our patients to see 

whether the presence of these antibodies correlates with response to either 

plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin. 

Dr Tzeng is a visiting Neurologist from Taiwan. This study is supported by the Philip 

Bushell Foundation and the Nerve Research Foundation. 

THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN 

S S Lin, J Spies, M X Wang, J D Pollard 

Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIg) is the main treatment used for Inflammatory 

Demyelinating Neuropathy in the Western World. Nevertheless its mechanism of 

action in Neuropathy is poorly understood. Since about 60 million dollars is spent 

each year in Australia for IVIg used in patients with neuropathy, it is important to 

define its mechanism of action since more affordable treatment could possibly be 

developed. 

Dr Lin has been studying the mechanism of action of IVIg in an animal model of 

Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) called experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN). Dr 

Lin has shown that IVIg reduces the severity of EAN; she has split the IVIg 

molecule into the antibody specific portion (the Fab fragment) and the non specific 

or Fc component and tested each of these to determine which part is essential 

for the beneficial effect. These studies are ongoing. 

Dr Lin is a visiting Neurologist from Taiwan. This work is supported by the Philip 

Bushell Foundation and NH&MRC.

NEW TREATMENT FOR INFLAMMATORY NEUROPATHY 

T Lin, J Spies 

Patients with C.I.D.P may respond to IVIg or plasma exchange, but about 40% 

need treatment with an immunosuppressive agent, although some remain poorly 

responsive. We have therefore been testing the efficacy of a new 

immunosuppressive agent Sirolimus which has been introduced to the field of 

transplantation, in the animal model E.A.N. In this model Sirolimus given before 

the onset of disease completely suppresses disease expression and when given 

after disease onset it shortened disease duration and lessened severity. These 

clinical findings were confirmed by careful electrophysiological and histological 

studies. These results indicate that Sirolimus should be considered for clinical 

trials as a potential new therapy in human neuropathy. 

This project is supported by the Philip Bushell Foundation. 

THE ROLE OF ANTI-GANGLIOSIDE ANTIBODIES IN NERVE INJURY 

M David, J Spies, J D Pollard, G Zhang, P J Armati, K Sheikh 

Guillain Barre Syndrome is an autoimmune neuropathy which commonly follows 

a bacterial or viral infection (diarrhoea or respiratory tract infection). Molecular 

mimicry plays an important pathogenic role and there is strong evidence that 

antibodies produced by the body against the infective agent (e.g. the 

campylobacter jejuni which causes diarrhoea) react also with nerve, leading to 

nerve damage. These antibodies are directed to molecules which are important 

components of neural membranes called gangliosides. We have studied the 

mechanism of nerve damage caused by those antibodies in a animal model of 

G.B.S. 

Through collaboration with Dr Kazim Shiekh at John's Hopkins University in the 

USA we have obtained purified monoclonal antibodies to GM-1 and GD1a 

gangliosides, and examined their effect on the sciatic nerve of rats. Monique 

David found that antibodies to GD1a cause a highly significant block in nerve 

conduction; they also cause damage to nerve fibres at the nodes of Renvier 

(where ion channels which generate nerve current are located) and in addition 

lead to axonal degeneration. We plan to study the mechanism of conduction 

block in more detail. These findings have considerable relevance for the cause of 

Guillain Barre Syndrome. 

Monique David has an Australian Postgraduate Award and the project is funded 

by NH&MRC and donations from the Nerve Research Foundation, Calcifer Jesk 

Postgraduate Student Fund. 

THE ROLE OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN NEUROPATHY 

W X Yan, J D Pollard, P J Armati, R Ouvrier 

Dr Jun Lan Lu is studying the role of a novel antioxidant in human and animal 

peripheral nervous systems. Her work indicates that this protective substance 

declines in concentration with age, possibly explaining the common onset of 

peripheral neuropathies in older individuals. The substance is also clearly a major 

protector in a variety of known peripheral neuropathies, including diabetic and 

vasculitic neuropathies. 





NEUROONCOLOGY 

TUMOUR FORMATION AND REGRESSION 

G Marshall, P J Armati, W Thomas 

Over the past year, we have made exciting progress in improving our 

understanding of the steps involved in the formation and regression of 

neuroblastoma tumours using a genetically modified (transgenic) mouse model - 

an in vivo model in which neuroblastoma develops in a very similar manner to the 

human disease. 

Through studies undertaken by Dr. Wayne Thomas, Dr Loen Hansford, Joanna 

Keating, Anna Raif and Catherine Vacher, who has an Australian Postgraduate 

Award, and funded by a NSW Cancer Council Program Grant, NHMRC and 

David Jones we have begun to piece together a story which describes an intricate 

balance gone wrong, between cell death and survival. It is our hope that once 

identified, these critical controls on normal development of the nervous system 

may be harnessed as anticancer therapy in the future. 

Many malignant diseases of childhood arise in embryonal cell types which have 

persisted beyond birth by unknown mechanisms. Our experiments have shown 

that in both normal and transgenic mice there is an initial increase in the number 

of neuroblasts (primitive nerve cells) in the spinal nervous system at birth, a 

precancerous event. 

In normal mice the neuroblasts disappear soon after birth, but in transgenic mice 

carrying extra copies of the MYCN gene, there is a massive increase in 

neuroblasts. In transgenic mice the excess cells at first appear to die off but then 

reappear some weeks later as tumours. 

Wayne Thomas and Joanna Keating have shown during the process of tumour 

perpetuation, mice with a lower number of MYCN transgenes then specifically 

increase (amplify) the MYCN copy number, resist cell death in culture and lose 

expression of the necessary receptors to respond to death stimuli. These findings 

have recently been published in the prestigious Proceedings of the National 

Academy of Sciences USA. 

A photomicrograph of a normal sympathetic neuron ganglia (left, arrow) compared 

with a sympathetic ganglia with dark areas (right, arrows) indentifying areas where 

tumour initiation has taken place. (G Marshall, PJ Armati, W Thomas)

While the MycN signal is sufficient to cause resistance to NGF withdrawal in the 

MYCN mice, it is unclear how the resistance to NGF withdrawal occurs in vivo, in 

the absence of a MYCN transgene. Anna Raif has demonstrated that when 

perinatal neuronal cells are stressed by nutrient deprivation or low oxygen these 

cells may behave in a similar manner and become NGF resistant and increase 

their survival advantage. Anna has also identified candidate genes which are 

regulated by MycN during the process of tumour initiation. Catherine Vacher our 

newest student is currently investigating by microarray, which other genes may be 

the target of MycN and may also be critical in the process of neuroblastoma 

initiation. 

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 

APOLIPOPROTEIN E IN LATE ONSET ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 

N E Jufas, P J Armati 

Apolipoprotein E became a target of Alzheimer's research following the discovery 

of a linkage in 1993 between the E4 allele and the late onset form of the disease. 

Three years later, two lipoprotein receptors were identified which appear to be 

unique receptors for apolipoprotein E, ApoER2 and SorLA. 

First, they are structurally different to other lipoprotein receptors and to each other, 

possessing structures seen in proteins involved in signaling and sorting. 

Secondly, each is selectively expressed in high concentrations in areas of known 

Alzheimer's pathology in the brain. Thirdly, as shown in this study, they rarely are 

found to bind to Apolipoprotein E. This is an interesting finding as it has been 

thought that binding apolipoprotein E was their major function. 

This study also showed that it is possible to use a modified microwave procedure 

to eliminate cross-reactivity when staining for two primary monocloncal antibodies 

of the same subclass. 



Nicholas Jufas 

Honours Student 




Royal Prince Alfred Hospital 

NEUROPATHOLOGY 

NEUROSURGERY 

B Owler, Dunne VG, Besser M 

The Department of Neurosurgery continues ongoing research in the International 

Familial Intracranial Aneurysm study funded by the National Institute of Health in 

the United States. It is a prospective international multi-centre study analysing indepth 

familial intracranial aneurysm, hoping to elucidate the genetic basis for this 

devastating disease. 

In 2004 the Neurosurgery Department also initiated the Brain Tumour Awareness 

Group which meets every three months and provides education and support for 

brain tumour patients. 

Neurosurgery is participating in a multi-centre study on the impact of PET 

scanning on the management of patients with glioma after initial therapy. 

Professor Michael Besser completed a course in advanced techniques in 

intraoperative MRI held in Frankfurt, Germany, in November 2004. This is a 

prelude to the first acquisition in Australia of an intraoperative MRI unit at Royal 

Prince Alfred Hospital this year. Professor Michael Besser was a participant and 

invited lecturer in the Cerebrovascular Workshop held in Sydney in April 2004. 

MOTOR NEURON DISEASE 

R Pamphlett 

Dr Pamphlett continues to explore possible causes of motor neuron disease. He 

has set up an Australia-wide DNA Bank to look for genetic differences that could 

make people susceptible to motor neuron disease. The DNA Bank now contains 

samples from more than 900 people. Genes that are being examined are those 

that protect people from heavy metal toxicity and from viruses entering the motor 

neurons. It is hoped this work will find some of the causes of motor neuron 

disease. 

FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA 

J Kril 

Associate Professor Kril and colleagues have been working towards a better 

understanding of the pathology of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). FTD is a type 

of dementia which results in marked disturbance in behaviour and interpersonal 

relationships; the cause of FTD is unknown. Volumetric analysis of FTD has 

revealed (i) atrophy is widespread, affects all lobes and is related to disease 

stage, (ii) asymmetry is only present in the superior frontal and primary motor 

cortices, and (iii) frontal, limbic and temporal regions are most severely affected 

early in the disease process however temporal lobe atrophy is the best predictor 

of disease duration.

The role of tau pathology in FTD is being investigated in frontal and temporal 

regions of patients with behavioural variant FTD but with and without tauinclusions 

(Pick disease). To date, no difference in the pattern or degree of 

neuronal loss, or the extent of astrogliosis has been found. 

In collaboration with Prof John Hodges from Cambridge, UK, the Sydney group 

have made the observation that a number of patients with postmortem-confirmed 

FTD exhibit marked memory impairment at disease onset. This is in direct contrast 

to current diagnostic criteria for FTD in which early memory impairment is 

considered an exclusion criterion. Nevertheless, the finding is supported by 

volumetric studies which show early hippocampal atrophy which progresses with 

disease duration to be more severe than that seen in AD and the strong 

relationship between hippocampal volume and neuron number. 

ALCOHOL RESEARCH 

C Harper, I Matsumoto 

The Department of Pathology houses the New South Wales Tissue Resource 

Centre (NSW TRC). The NSW TRC is a facility for the collection, storage and 

distribution of well characterised fixed and frozen human brain tissue for 

neuropsychiatric research (with a focus on schizophrenia and alcohol related 

disorders). The NSW TRC is jointly supported by NISAD Schizophrenia Research, 

the University of Sydney, Sydney South West Area Health Service, The Australian 

Brewer's foundation and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. 

The ability to collect human brain tissue is made possible through the Department 

of Forensic Medicine (DOFM) and two brain donor programs; 'Gift of Hope' and 

"Using our Brains'. Over the last two and a half years through DOFM we have 

been able to speak to the next of kin (NOK) of people and ask them to consider 

the donation of brain tissue for research. This contact has been very successful 

with 63% of the NOK saying yes to the donation. The two brain donor programs 

continue to be very active. In 2004 we have successfully facilitated the brain 

donation of seven people who were enrolled on the program. In 2004, tissue has 

been requested and supplied for 34 neuropsychiatric research studies, including 

international studies. 

In late 2004, we have combined with two other brain donor programs in New 

South Wales. Professor Halliday, from the Prince Of Wales Medical Research 

Institute and Associate Professor Kril from the Centre for Education and Research 

and Ageing, who direct these programs are now part of the Neuropathology Unit. 

The focus of these two programs is neurodegenerative diseases. 

Additionally, we have been looking at changes in protein expression in 

postmortem brain tissues of alcohol and schizophrenia cases using new 

proteomic techniques. In addition, we have been studying animals that have been 

treated with neuroleptics. Neuronal stem cells have been used to identify drugspecific 

alterations of protein expression. Using the combination of Laser capture 

microscopy and PCR method, expression of NMDA receptor subunits has been 

investigated in specific cell populations of both schizophrenic and alcoholic 

brains. 





DIABETIC NEUROPATHY 

L Davies, D Yue 

We are studying a new drug which holds the promise of reducing the deterioration 

in nerve function that occurs in long standing diabetes. This drug inhibits the 

enzyme that attaches sugar to protein in blood vessels. This process is thought 

to underlie the gradual thickening of the walls of small blood vessels in diabetes. 

The thickening results in impaired flow of nutrients from the blood to nerve tissue 

and ultimately in the death of nerve fibres. 

We are also looking at changes in the nerves of elderly diabetic baboons. It is 

hoped that this will give us a better understanding of the deterioration in human 

nerves that is seen in diabetes. These changes are being studied with 

neurophysiological testing and with biopsies of skin to look at the very small nerve 

fibres that innervate blood vessels and sweat glands in skin. 

NEUROPSYCHOLOGY 

TEMPORAL LOBES/THALAMUS AND RETROGRADE MEMORY 

L Miller 

Using a number of approaches, we are trying to understand how different parts 

of the brain contribute to memory and how aging effects our ability to remember. 

We have tested memory for the past (e.g., famous events, famous people, 

autobiographical information and topographical knowledge) and compared this to 

the ability to remember newly experienced information (e.g., stories, new pictures) 

in patients with brain lesions and in non-neurological populations. We have 

discovered that some parts of the memory circuit (e.g., the anterior nucleus of the 

thalamus) are primarily important for registering and retaining new information, 

whereas other parts (e.g., the dorsomedial thalamic nucleus) play a role in 

organizing the retrieval of stored information. We have also found that 

abnormalities in the anterior temporal lobe such as focal epilepsy and stroke tend 

to cause retrograde memory impairments that are temporally pervasive for the 

whole of the person’s lifetime. We are now contrasting the effects of different 

etiologies of temporal lobe lesion (e.g., lobectomy, stroke, encephalitis, atrophy). 

When we compared younger (aged 30-45 years) to older (aged 60-75years) 

subjects without brain lesions, we found equivalent performance on measures of 

memory using multiple choice responding. This was true both for new information 

(stories) on which subjects were tested at 30 min, 1 day and 7 days after 

presentation as well as for information they had learned about famous events from 

the past 10 years. The intact performance of the older subjects on our measures, 

in the context of the results of other studies, suggests that as people age, the 

ability to store memories remains relatively intact, but there is a decline in the 

ability to find/retrieve stored memories. Hence, teaching memory search 

strategies to older people might enhance their recall. We are beginning to 

explore ways in which to teach memory improvement through workshops with 

patients and carers.

EPILEPSY 

TEMPORAL LOBES/THALAMUS AND RETROGRADE MEMORY 

A Mohamed, M Fulham, A Bleasal, S Simpson 

In collaboration with the Molecular Imaging Program of the Department of PET & 

Nuclear Medicine at RPA with the Comprehensive Epilepsy Services at RPA and 

Westmead we are conducting research into the abnormalities in cerebral glucose 

use in patients with epilepsy when compared to a group of normal subjects. This 

may allow a better selection of candidates who will have successful surgery for 

the control of epilepsy. In addition, we have continued to investigate the use of a 

new radioligand (radioactive chemical injected and then imaged) in partial 

epilepsy. We have found this new compound to be able to identify the site of 

onset of seizures in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and have found the 

optimal way of imaging patients using this compound. 

We are also investigating the use of signature image processing to analyse EEG 

signals in real time. The technique was developed at the University of Sydney by 

S Simpson and has been patented internationally. It analyses a signal to look for 

characteristic features that could predict behaviour. The software can then warn 

the patient that a seizure is impending and preventative measures can be taken. 

We had promising results in some patients, predicting seizures 20 minutes prior 

to any visible EEG changes. These results are comparable to the best obtained 

by other researchers in this field. 

BALANCE DISORDERS 

VESTIBULAR NEURITIS 

S T Aw, G M Halmagyi 

In the Balance Disorders Laboratory we seek to increase our understanding of the 

normal and abnormal operation of the vestibular system, the balance system of 

the inner ear. From that understanding it is possible to develop simple specific 

tests which can be used in the clinic to diagnose and treat balance disorders in 

patients. The peripheral vestibular organs consist of three pairs of semicircular 

canals, which sense angular accelerations, and two pairs of otolith organs, which 

sense linear forces and accelerations. Because these organs are very small and 

inaccessible, it is not possible to identify their functional status by imaging. We 

therefore test their function by delivering a vestibular stimulus - for example, 

angular acceleration on a rotating chair, or static roll tilts, or galvanic vestibular 

stimulation - and measuring the eye-movement, perceptual, or postural 

responses. 

Particular clinical areas in which research projects are being actively conducted 

include the diagnosis and treatment of benign positional vertigo (the most frequent 

cause of vertigo in the community) that has not responded to conventional 

treatment, of vertigo caused by loud sounds (so called superior canal 

dehiscence) and the prevention of damage to the balance system of the inner ear 

by drugs, especially antibiotics. Our laboratory has worked closely for the last 20 

years with researchers at the Vestibular Research Laboratory, School of 

Psychology at the University of Sydney headed by Prof. Ian S. Curthoys; this 

collaboration facilitates the rapid translation of research findings into new tests and 

treatments for patients suffering from balance disorders. 





Staff 


The University of Sydney 

Academic Staff 

Prof J Pollard, BSc (Med) MB BS PhD, FRACP, FRCP 

A/Prof P Armati, BSc, MSc, PhD 

Professor J Prineas, MB BS, FRCP, FRCP (Edin) 

A/Prof G Nicholson, MB BS PhD, FRACP 

Dr J Spies, MB BS PhD, FRACP 

Dr A Mohammed, MB BS, FRACP 

Dr F Yang, MD MMed 

Clinical Trials Staff 

L Pallot RN 

C Wyse BN (Syd) 

Technical Staff 

Ms Sylvia Ledered 

Mr Toan Nguyen 

Mr Jim Bonner 

Research Assistants 

B Roediger 

N Jufas

Staff 

Institute of Clinical 

Neurosciences 

Royal Prince Alfred 

Hospital 

Department of Neuropathology 

Senior Medical Staff 

Prof CG Harper, MB BS, FRCPA 

A/Prof Izuru Matsumoto, MD, PhD 

Dr RS Pamphlett, MD, FRACP, 

FRCPath 

Dr C Burke - Registrar 

Senior Research Staff 

Mr R Stankovic, BSc, Snr Scientific 

Officer 

Mrs D Sheedy, BA, Research 

Assistant 

Ms T Garrick, TRC Manager 

Ms A Green, BA Hon, Clinical 

Psychologist 

Senior Technical Officer 

Mr S Kum Jew 

Neuropsychology Unit 

Clinical Staff 

Dr L A Miller, PhD, MSc, BSc, MAPS 

Dr N Breen, MSc, BSc, MAPS 

Ms S Coombes, MSc, BSc 

Ms Z Thayer 

Ms J Cramsie 

Dr D Horry, PhD 

Administrative Staff 

Ms N Meucci 

Ms M Satkunarajah 

Ms J Ho 

Honorary Staff 

Dr D Caine, PhD, MSc, BSc, MAPS, 

Clinical Neuropsychologist 

Molecular Medicine 

Director 

A/Prof G Nicholson, MB BS, PhD, 

FRACP 

Secretary 

Ms A Berryman 

Hospital Scientists 

Dr M Kennerson, BSc, PhD 

Mr P Lorentzos 

Ms D Radavanovic, BSc 

Research Scientists 

Dr V Dedov 

Dr D Zhu, BSc, PhD 

Dr D Zhu 

Dr S Myers 

Genetic Counsellor 

Sr M Jenkins, RN 

Department of PET & Nuclear 

Medicine 

Clinical Staff 

A/Prof MJ Fulham, FRACP Director 

Dr A Mohamed, Staff Specialist 

Dr R Mansberg, Staff Specialist 

Dr M Wilkinson, Registrar PET 

Dr I Drivas, Registrar Nuclear 

Medicine 

Scientific Staff 

Dr S Eberl, BE, MSc, MACPSEM 

Dr R Fawdry, PhD 

Dr R Fulton, BAppSc, MACPSEM 

Mr D Henderson, BAppSc, 

GradDipSc, MRACICChem 

Dr M Kassiou, BSc(Hons), 

PhD MRACICChem 

Dr S Meikle, BAppSc, PhD, 

MACPSEM 

Ms J Towson, MSc 

Nursing Staff 

Ms B Foye, RN Clinical Nurse 

Consultant 

Mr E Francia, RN 

Ms B Perry, RN 

Technologist Staff 

Ms K Silver, BAppSci (MRT) 

Chief Technologist, 

Ms J Brackenreg, BAppSci (MRT), 

Acting Chief Technologist 

Mr D Rainey, DipMRT, Senior 

Technologist 

Mr C Constable, Senior Technologist 

Ms A Smith, Technologist 

Ms R Smith, Technologist 

Ms S Meikle, Technologist 

Ms N Loghlan, Technologist 

Mr A Lawler, Technologist 

Mr A Waugh, Technologist 


Mrs C Kinross, Data & Office 

Manager 

Ms L Balingit, Receptionist/Typist 

Ms T Gerbin, Secretary 



Department of Neurology 

Director of Neurology 

Clin. Prof GM Halmagyi, MB BS, BSc 

(Med), FRACP 

Neurologists 

Dr L Davies, MB BS, FRACP 

Dr J Ell, MB BS, FRACP 

Clin. A/Prof MJ Fulham, MB BS, 

FRACP 

Dr A Mohamed, MBBS, FRACP 

Prof JD Pollard, MB BS, BSc (Med), 

PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Bushell Professor 

of Neurology, Academic Head 

Dr J Spies, MB BS, PhD, FRACP, 

A/Prof JDG Watson, DPhil, MB BS, 

BSc, FRACP 

Associate Neurologists 

Dr A Bleasel, PhD, MB BS, FRACP 

Prof GA Broe, AM, BA, MB BS, FRACP 

Dr P Cremer, MB BS, BSc (Med) 

Dr J Frith, PhD, MB BS, FRACP 

Dr J Gordon, MB BS, FRACP 

Dr JK Graham, MB BS, FRACP 

Dr SR Hammond, PhD, MB BS, 

FRACP, MRCP 

Dr RT Lorentz, MB BS, FRCP, FRACP 

Prof R Ouvrier, MB BS, BSc (Med), 

FRACP 

Dr D Serisier, MB BS, BSc (Med), 

FRACP 

Dr C Yiannikas, MB BS, FRACP 

Honorary Consultant Neurologists 

Dr J Allsop, AO, MB BS, FRACP 

Prof JG McLeod, AO, MB BS, BSc 

(Med), DPhil (Oxon), DSc, Hon DU 

(Aix-Marseille), FRCP (Lond), FRACP, 

FAA, FTSE, Professor Emeritus, 

Neurologist 

Dr J Leicester, MB BS, FRACP 

Dr J Walsh, MB BS BSc (Med) MD 

Advanced Trainees in Neurology 

Dr P Patriakis MB BS 

Dr D Ashton MB BS 

Clinical Neurophysiology Unit 

Dr L Davies, MB BS, FRACP, (Head) 

Dr A Mohamed, MBBS, FRACP 

Dr J Spies, MB BS, PhD, FRACP 

Ms E O’Connell, BN, CNS 

Ms T Ottavio, BN, RN, NUM 

Ms J Boserio, CNS 

Ms T Mills, RN 



Ms M Pereira, BN, RN 

Ms E Sheridan, BA, CNS 

Ms R Spittal, RN 

Central Sydney Area Health 

Services, Neurosciences 

Clin. A/Prof M Besser, MB BS, 

FRACS, FRCSC (C), FACS 

Ms B Loughlane, Nurse Coordinator 

Mr D Andrews, Acting Business 

Manager 

Honorary Neuroscientists 

Prof M Bennett, BE, MSc, PhD, DSc, 

FAA 

Dr RJ Bandler, BA, PhD, DSc, FAA 

Prof GAR Johnston, PhD, MSc, 

FRACI 

A/Prof PJ Armati, MSc, PhD 

Dr T-L Chan Ling, M Optom, PhD, 

FAAO 

Department of Neurosurgery 

Director 

Clin. A/Prof M Besser AM, MB BS, 

FRACS, FRCSC (C), FACS 

Neurosurgeons 

Dr MG McGee-Collett, MB BS, 

FRACS 

Dr D McDowell, MB BS, FRACS 

Dr JW Brennan, BSc, MB BS, FRACS 

Honorary Consultant 

Neurosurgeons 

Prof RS Gye, AO, MA (Oxon), Hon 

MD (Syd), DPhil (Oxon), BSc (Med), 

MB BS 

Clin. A/Prof IH Johnston, MD ChB, 

PhD, BSc, FRACS, FRCS 

Honorary Associate Neurosurgeon 

Dr N W Dorsch, MB BS, FRACS, 

FRCS 

Senior Research Staff 

Clin. A/Prof IH Johnston, AO, MD 

ChB, PhD, BSc, FRACS, FRCS 

Dr B Owler, MB BS 

Senior Technical Staff 

Ms V Dunne 

Advanced Trainees in Neurosurgery 

Dr A Davidson/Dr R Allen 

Unaccredited Registrar in 

Neurosurgery 

Dr S Enger, MB BS 

Institute of Clinical 

Neurosciences Management 

Committee 

Dr L Davies, Director 

Prof J D Pollard, Neurology 

Dr M Besser, Neurosurgery 

Ms D Brine, Nurse Unit Manager, E7N 

Ms V Sutherland, Clinical Nerve 

Consultant 

Ms B Loughnane, ICN, Clinical 

Manager 

Sr F Hopkins, Nurse Unit Manager, E7 

ICU 

Ms B Vale, Allied Health 

Ms N Morely, Occupational Therapy 

Pain Management Centre 


Dr J D Ditton, MB BS, FANZCA, 

FFPMANZCA, Head of Department 

Dr M Jennings, MB BS, FRANZCP, 

FRACP(C), FFPMANZCA, Psychiatrist 

Dr A Aggarwal, MB BS, FRACP, 

FAFRM(RACP), FFPMANZCA, Rehab. 

Medicine 

Ms A Helou, Grad Dip Soc Com, 

MScMED(PM), 

Clinical Nurse Consultant Clinical 

Coordinator 

Ms J Cohen, M Psych (Clin) MAPS, 

Clinical Psychologist 

Ms J Keller, RN 

Consultants 

Dr P Stalley, MB BS, FRACS, FAOrth 

A, Orthopaedic Surgeon 

Dr M McGee-Collett, MB BS (Syd) 

FRACS, Neurological Surgeon 

Dr P Glare, FRACP, FFPMANZCA, 

Cancer Pain & Palliative Medicine 

Dr L Martin, BDS (Hons), Head, 

Dentistry 

Dr C Senior, MB BS (Hons) FRACOG, 

Gynaecologist 

Neurootology Unit 

Clinical and Research 

Dr S Aw, MB BS, PhD, Scientific 

Officer 

Ms A Burgess, PhD, NHMRC RA 

Ms S Burton-Bradley, RN 

Mr Paul Chen, NHMRC RA

Dr PD Cremer, MB BS, BSc(Med), 

FRACP, Associate Neurologist 

A/Prof JG Colebatch, MB BS, PhD, 

FRACP, Associate Neurologist 

Prof IS Curthoys, BA, PhD, 

Consultant Psychologist 

Dr JJ Ell, MB BS, FRACP, 

Visiting Neurologist 

Dr D Gilchrist, PhD, NHMRC RO 

Prof G M Halmagyi, MB BS, 

BSc(Med), FRACP, Staff Neurologist 

Ms I Hannigan, CNS 

Ms K de Lapp, BS, Physiotherapist 

Mr H Macdougall, BSc, RA 

Mr M O'Brien, BA, Psychologist 

Ms M Pereira, BN, RN 

Dr D V Pohl, MB BS, FRACS, Visiting 

Surgeon 

Mr C Tsang, BA, Audiologist 

Dr SR Watson, MB BS, PhD, FRACP, 

Associate Neurologist 

Mr C Whitfeld, BSc, Audiologist 

Ms R Yavor, Clinical Nurse Specialist 

Ms T Mills, RN 

Ms T Ottavio, RN, BN, NUM 


Ms J Valys 

Ms I Menezes 

Ms R McCabe 

Ms R Stojanovska 

Ms M Piper 

Mr A Thuyen 

Computing and Engineering 

Mr M Todd, BE(Elec), MBiomedE, 

Chief Biomedical Engineer 

Mr M Bubicic, Technical Officer 

Mr A Cartwright, Computer 

Programmer 

Ms T Le, BE, Network Engineer 

Mr L McGarvie, BE(Mech), 

MBiomedE, Biomedical Engineer 

Mr S Pratap, Technical Officer 

Mr J Bryant, Technical Officer 

Department of Psychiatry 

Dr T Hance, MB BS, FRANZCP, 

Acting Director 

Prof PJV Beumont, MPhil (Lond), MSc 

(Oxon), MB ChB, DPM, FRACP, 

FRANZCP, FRCP (UK), FRCsych, 

Head, Eating Disorders Unit 

Dr M Jennings, MB BS, FRAZCP, 

FRCP(C), Psychiatrist 

Dr RT White, MB BS, FRANZCP, 

MRCPsych, Psychiatrist 

Department of Radiology 

Neuroradiology 

Dr Richard Waugh, Acting Director 

Dr G Parker, MB BS, FRACR 

Dr E Thompson, MB BS, FRACR 

Dr J Soper, MB BS, FRACR 

Department of Rehabilitation 

Medicine 

Dr P Henke, MB BS, DPRM, FACRM, 

Head 

Dr C Winer, LLB, MB BS, FACRM, 

MRCS, 

DRCOG, MLCOM, DPRM, VMO 

Mr M O’Brien, BA, DipRehabCouns, 

MaPsS, Psychologist 

Department of Otolaryngology 


Dr M Mendelsohn, MB BS, FRACS, 

VMO, Clinical Head 

Professor W P R Gibson, AM, MD, 

FRACS, FRCS, Professor of 

Otolaryngology, Academic Head 

Dr G R Croxson, MB BS, FRACS, Snr 

VMO 

Dr A Clifford, MB BS, FRACS, VMO 

Dr D Pohl, MB BS, FRACS, Senior 

VMO 

Senior Technical Staff 

Dr H Sanli, PhD, Scientific Officer, 

Cochlear Implant Unit 

Vocational Registrars in Training 

Dr C Palme 

Dr P Yeung 

Dr G Lvoff 

Dr S Kuo 

Dr S Mackay 

Visiting Fellows 

Dr N Mansell/Dr P Valentine 

Audiologists 

Dr D Rockey 

Dr C-S Tsang 

Ms M Bray 

Ms C Pearce 



Allied Health 

Ms K Eu, BEc, BSoc Admin, Director 

Ms B Vale, BAppSc(OT), Assistant 

Director 

Ms R Ray, BAppSc(OT), Occupational 

Therapist 

Ms K Williams, BAppSc(Phys), 

Physiotherapist 

Ms M Lam, BAppSc(Phys), 


Ms J Young, BAppSc(Phys), 


Ms K Garvey, BAppSc(SpPath), 

Speech Pathologist 

Ms R Manusu, BAppSc(SpPath), 

Speech Pathologist 

Ms M Doctor, BSW, MSW, Social 

Worker 

Ms C Robinson, BSW, Social Worker 

Ms E Frigg, BSc, MND, Dietitian 

Department of Nursing E7 

Ms B Loughnane, RN, CM, NNC, 

BHSc(N), GDNM, MHSM, Clinical 

Manager, ICN 

Ms V Markovska, RN, MN, Clinical 

Nurse Consultant, ICN 

Ms N Morley, RN, Nursing Unit 

Manager 

Mr D Andrews Acting Clinical 

Manager, ICN 

Ms T Ottavio, RN, BN, Nursing Unit 

Manager, Neurophysiology 

Ms F Hopkins RN, Acting Nursing Unit 

Manager, Intensive Care Unit 



Referred Publications 

Bacsi, A. M., Halmagyi, G. M., & 

Colebatch, J. G. 2004, "Sway patterns in a 

case of orthostatic tremor responsive to 

alcohol", Mov Disord., 19: 1459-1463 

Bajaj, R., Pitkin, J., Ouvrier, R., Graf, N., 

Smith, J., Sillence, D., Amiel, J., & 

Kluckow, M. (2004) Congential central 

hypoventilation syndrome and 

Hirschprung's disease (Haddad syndrome) 

in an extreme preterm baby. Pediatrics 

Barnett, M. & Prineas, J. W. 2004, 

"Pathological heterogeneity in multiple 

sclerosis. A reflection of lesion stage?", 

Ann.Neurol., 56: 309 

Barnett, M. H. & Prineas, J. W. 2004, 

"Relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: 

pathology of the newly forming lesion", 

Ann.Neurol., 55: 458-468 

Bornholt, L. J., Spencer, F. H., Fisher, I. H., 

& Ouvrier, R. A. 2004, "Cognitive screening 

for young children: development and 

diversity in learning contexts", J.Child 

Neurol., 19(5): 313-317 

Broe, M., Kril, J., & Halliday, G. M. 2004, 

"Astrocytic degeneration relates to the 

severity of disease in frontotemporal 

dementia", Brain, 127: 2214-2220 

Burke, D., Cappelen-Smith, C., & 

Kuwabara, S. 2004, "Conduction block in 

demyelinated axons precipitated by 

normally innocuous physiologial 

processes," in Advances in Clinical 

Neurophysiology, pp. 191-194. 

Candler, P. M., Hart, P. E., Barnett, M., 

Weil, R., & Rees, J. H. 2004, "A follow up 

study of patients with paraneoplastic 

neurological disease in the United 

Kingdom", J.Neurol.Neurosurg.Psychiatry, 

75(10): 1411-1415 

Cooper, W. A., Shingde, M., Lee, V. K., 

Allan, R. S., Wills, E. J., & Harper, C. 2004, 

""Rhabdoid meningioma" lacking malignant 

features. Report of two cases", 

Clin.Neuropathol., 23(1): 16-20 

Dixon, G., Garrick, T., Whiteman, I., Sarris, 

M., Sithamparanathan, S., & Harper, C. G. 

2004, "Characterization of gabaergic 

neurons within the human medial mamillary 

nucleus", Neuroscience, 127(2): 365-372 

Dixon, G. & Harper, C. G. 2004, "No 

evidence for selective GABAergic 

interneuron deficits in the anterior thalamic 

complex of patients with schizophrenia", 

Prog.Neuropsychopharmacol.Biol.Psychiatr 

y, 28(6): 1045-1051 

Dunne, V., Bhattachayya, S., Besser, M., 

Rae, C., & Griffin, J. 2004, "Metabolites 

from cerebrospinal fluid in aneurysmal 

subarachnoid haemorrhage correlate with 

vasospasm and clinical outcome: a pattern 

recognition 1 H NMR study", Biomedicine, 

17: 1-10 

Foley, P. F., Loh, E. W., Innes, D. J., 

Williams, S. M., Tannenberg, A. E., Harper, 

C. G., & Dodd, P. R. 2004, "Association 

studies of neurotransmitter gene 

polymorphisms in alcoholic Caucasians", 

Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci., 1025:. 39-46 

Gandevia, S. C. & Burke, D. 2004, "The 

peripheral motor system," in The Human 

Nervous System, 2nd Edition edn, 

Academic Press, New York, pp. 113-133. 

Goonetilleke, S. C., Curthoys, I. S., 

Burgess, A. M., & MacDougall, H. G. 

2004, "Cognitive demand affects the gain 

of the torsional optokinetic response", 

Exp.Brain Res., 158(1): 125-128 

Gradinscak, D. J., Fulham, M. J., 

Mohamed, A., & Constable, C. J. 2004, 

"Lepidic spread of primary lung 

adenocarcinoma on FDG-PET", 

Clin.Nucl.Med., 29(3): 206-208

Gradinscak, D. J., Fulham, M. J., Besser, 

M., & Mohamed, A. 2004, "Post-traumatic 

cerebral venous infarct mimicking an 

infiltrative glioma", Clin.Nucl.Med., 29(1): 

68-69. 

Halmagyi, G. M. 2004, "Garnett Passe and 

Rodney Williams Memorial Lecture: New 

clinical tests of unilateral vestibular 

dysfunction", J.Laryngol.Otol., 118(8): 589- 

600. 

Halmagyi, G. M. & Leigh, R. J. 2004, 

"Upbeat about downbeat nystagmus", 

Neurology, 63(4): 606-607 

Hansford, L. M., Thomas, W. D., Keating, 

J. M., Burkhart, C. A., Peaston, A. E., 

Norris, M. D., Haber, M., Armati, P. J., 

Weiss, W. A., & Marshall, G. M. 2004, 

"Mechanisms of embryonal tumor initiation: 

distinct roles for MycN expression and 

MYCN amplification", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 

U.S.A, 101(34): 12664-12669 

Harding, A. J., Das, A., Kril, J. J., Brooks, 

W. S., Duffy, D., & Halliday, G. M. 2004, 

"Identification of families with cortical Lewy 

body disease", Am.J.Med.Genet.B 

Neuropsychiatr.Genet., 128(1): 118-122 

Hodges, J. R., Davies, R. R., Xuereb, J. 

H., Casey, B., Broe, M., Bak, T. H., Kril, J. 

J., & Halliday, G. M. 2004, 

"Clinicopathological correlates in 

frontotemporal dementia", Ann.Neurol., 

56(3): 399-406 

Hodges, J., Davies, R., Xuereb, J., Kril, J., 

& Halliday, G. 2004, "Survival in 

frontotemporal dementia. Research and 

Practice in Alzheimer's disease," 9 edn, 

Serdi, Paris, pp. 215-219. 

Iwazaki, T., Shibata, I., Niwa, S., & 

Matsumoto, I. 2004, "Selective reduction of 

chromogranin A-like immunoreactivities in 

the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic 

subjects: a postmortem study", 

Neurosci.Lett., 367(3): 293-297 

Iwazaki, T., Ito, M., Niwa, S., & Matsumoto, 

I. 2004, "24 Weeks clinical comparative 

study between quetiapine and Olanzapine 

after being switched from risperidone in 

schizophrenic patients,", Japanese 

J.Psychiatric Treatment, 19(12):1461-1471 

Jankelowitz, S. K. & Colebatch, J. G. 

2004, "Galvanic evoked vestibulospinal and 

vestibulocollic reflexes in stroke", 

Clin.Neurophysiol., 115(8): 1796-1801 

Jankelowitz, S. K. & Colebatch, J. G. 

2004, "The acoustic startle reflex in 

ischemic stroke", Neurology, 62(1): 114- 

116 

Jen, J. C., Wang, H., Lee, H., Sabatti, C., 

Trent, R., Hannigan, I., Brantberg, K., 

Halmagyi, G. M., Nelson, S. F., & Baloh, R. 

W. 2004, "Suggestive linkage to 

chromosome 6q in families with bilateral 

vestibulopathy", Neurology, 63(12): 2376- 

2379 

Kersaitis, C., Halliday, G. M., & Kril, J. J. 

2004, "Regional and cellular pathology in 

frontotemporal dementia: relationship to 

stage of disease in cases with and without 

Pick bodies", Acta Neuropathol.(Berl), 

108(6): 515-523 

Kiernan, M. C., Lin, C. S., & Burke, D. 

2004, "Differences in activity-dependent 

hyperpolarization in human sensory and 

motor axons", J.Physiol, 558(1): 341-349 

Kiernan, M. C. & Burke, D. 2004, 

"Threshold electrotonus and the 

assessment of nerve excitability in 

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis," in 

Handbook of Clinical Neurophysiology, vol. 

4 Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 359-366. 

Kim, J. & Curthoys, I. S. 2004, 

"Responses of primary vestibular neurons 

to galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) in 

the anaesthetised guinea pig", Brain 

Res.Bull., 64(3): 265-271. 



Kornberg,A, Pollard JD& the scientific 

committee of INDAPS (2004) 

Guidelines for the use of IVIg in 

Neurological Diseases. Pergaman Press 

Kril, J. J. & Halliday, G. M. 2004, 

"Clinicopathological staging of 

frontotemporal dementia severity: 

correlation with regional atrophy", 

Dement.Geriatr.Cogn Disord., 17(4): 311- 

315. 

Kril, J. J., Hodges, J., & Halliday, G. 2004, 

"Relationship between hippocampal volume 

and CA1 neuron loss in brains of humans 

with and without Alzheimer's disease", 

Neurosci.Lett., 361(1-3): 9-12 



Krishnan, A. V., Pamphlett, R., Burke, D., 

Wills, E. J., & Kiernan, M. C. 2004, 

"Cytoplasmic body myopathy 

masquerading as motor neuron disease", 

Muscle Nerve, 30(5): 667-672 

Krishnan, A. V. & Halmagyi, G. M. 2004, 

"Acute transverse myelitis in SLE", 

Neurology, 62(11): 2087 

Lah, S., Grayson, S., Lee, T., & Miller, L. 

2004, "Memory for the past after temporal 

lobectomy: impact of epilepsy and 

cognitive variables", Neuropsychologia, 

42(12): 1666-1679. 

Laing, N. G., Clarke, N. F., Dye, D. E., 

Liyanage, K., Walker, K. R., Kobayashi, Y., 

Shimakawa, S., Hagiwara, T., Ouvrier, R., 

Sparrow, J. C., Nishino, I., North, K. N., & 

Nonaka, I. 2004, "Actin mutations are one 

cause of congenital fibre type 

disproportion", Ann.Neurol., 56(5):689-694 

Lehnen, N., Aw, S. T., Todd, M. J., & 

Halmagyi, G. M. 2004, "Head impulse test 

reveals residual semicircular canal function 

after vestibular neurectomy", Neurology, 

62(12): 2294-2296 

Mandadi, S., Numazaki, M., Tominaga, M., 

Bhat, M. B., Armati, P. J., & Roufogalis, B. 

D. 2004, "Activation of protein kinase C 

reverses capsaicin-induced calciumdependent 

desensitization of TRPV1 ion 

channels", Cell Calcium, 35(5): 471-478 

Mathey, E., Pollard, J., & Armati, P. 2004, 

"In situ hybridization for cytokines in human 

tissue biopsies", Methods Mol.Biol., 249: 

41-46 

McDougall, A., Davies, L., & McCaughan, 

G. 2004, "Autonomic and peripheral 

neuropathy in endstage liver disease and 

following liver transplantation", Muscle 

Nerve, 28(5): 595-600 

McNulty, P. A. & Cresswell, A. G. 2004, 

"Recruitment of single human low-threshold 

motor units with increasing loads at 

different muscle lengths", J. Electromyogr. 

Kinesiol., 14(3): 369-377 

Mezey, L. E., Curthoys, I. S., Burgess, A. 

M., Goonetilleke, S. C., & MacDougall, H. 

G. 2004, "Changes in ocular torsion 

position produced by a single visual line 

rotating around the line of sight--visual 

"entrainment" of ocular torsion", Vision 

Res., 44(4): 397-406. 

Migliaccio, A. A., Cremer, P. D., Aw, S. T., 

& Halmagyi, G. M. 2004, "Vergencemediated 

changes in Listing's plane do not 

occur in an eye with superior oblique 

palsy", Invest Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci., 45(9): 

3043-3047. 

Migliaccio, A. A., Halmagyi, G. M., 

McGarvie, L. A., & Cremer, P. D. 2004, 

"Cerebellar ataxia with bilateral 

vestibulopathy: description of a syndrome 

and its characteristic clinical sign", Brain, 

127(2): 280-293 

Moharir, M., Ouvrier, R., & Grattan-Smith, P. 

(2005) Transient movement disorders of 

infancy and childhood. Paediatric 

Movemnet Disorders 

Nair, D. R., Mohamed, A., Burgess, R., & 

Luders, H. 2004, "A critical review of the 

different conceptual hypotheses framing 

human focal epilepsy", Epileptic.Disord., 

6(2): 77-83 

Nickolls, P., Collins, D. F., Gorman, R. B., 

Burke, D., & Gandevia, S. C. 2004, 

"Forces consistent with plateau-like 

behaviour of spinal neurons evoked in 

patients with spinal cord injuries", Brain, 

127(3): 660-670 

Niwa, S., Matsumoto, I., Kunii, Y., Wada, 

A., & Ito, M. 2004, "Postmortem brain 

research for schizophrenia; current 

situation", Psychiat.Neurol.Jap, 106(7): 

958-968

Ooi, D., Cornell, E. D., Curthoys, I. S., 

Burgess, A. M., & MacDougall, H. G. 

2004, "Convergence reduces ocular 

counterroll (OCR) during static roll-tilt", 

Vision Res., 44(24): 2825-2833 

Ouvrier, R. 2004, "Peripheral neuropathies 

in the young child", Rev.Neurol.(Paris), 

160(12): 1216-1220 

Owler, B. K., Warrier, S., & Besser, M. 

2004, "Traumatic unilateral deep cerebral 

venous infarction", J.Clin.Neurosci., 11(7): 

767-770 

Owler, B. K., Halmagyi, G. M., Brennan, J., 

& Besser, M. 2004, "Syringomyelia with 

Chiari malformation; 3 unusual cases with 

implications for pathogenesis", Acta 

Neurochir.(Wien.), 146(10):1137-1143 

Pamphlett, R. 2004, "Somatic mutation: a 

cause of sporadic neurodegenerative 

diseases?", Med.Hypotheses, 62(5): 679- 

682. 

Pamphlett, R., Eide, R., & Danscher, G. 

2005, "Does selenium deficiency unmask 

mercury toxicity in motor neurons?", 

Neurotoxicol.Teratol., 27(2): 241-244 

Pamphlett, R., Kum-Jew, S., & King, N. J. 

2005, "Flaviviruses in motor neuron 

disease", Muscle Nerve. 

Pfefferbaum, A., Sullivan, E. V., 

Adalsteinsson, E., Garrick, T., & Harper, C. 

2004, "Postmortem MR imaging of 

formalin-fixed human brain", Neuroimage., 

21(4): 1585-1595. 

Pollard, J. 2004, "The immunological 

rationale for intravenous immunoglobulin in 

Guillain Barre syndrome and chronic 

inflammatory demyelinating 

polyradiculoneuropathy", Intravenous 

Immunoglobulins in the Third Millenium pp. 

161-171. 

Pollard, J. 2004, "Treatment of severe 

Guillain Barre Syndrome", Journal of Clinical 

Neuroscience, 11(31): 78-79 

Pollard, J. 2004, "An update on Chronic 

Inflammatory demyelinating 

polyneuropathy", Journal of Clinical 

Neuroscience, 11(31): 83 

Saunderson, R., Yu, B., Trent, R. J., & 

Pamphlett, R. 2004, "A polymorphism in 

the poliovirus receptor gene differs in motor 

neuron disease", Neuroreport, 15(2): 383- 

386. 

Shepherd, C. E., Gregory, G. C., Vickers, 

J. C., Brooks, W. S., Kwok, J. B., 

Schofield, P. R., Kril, J. J., & Halliday, G. M. 

2004, "Positional effects of presenilin-1 

mutations on tau phosphorylation in cortical 

plaques", Neurobiol.Dis., 15(1): 115-119 

Shepherd, C. E., Piguet, O., Broe, G. A., 

Creasey, H., Waite, L. M., Brooks, W. S., & 

Kril, J. J. 2004, "Histocompatibility 

antigens, aspirin use and cognitive 

performance in non-demented elderly 

subjects", J.Neuroimmunol., 148(1-2): 

178-182. 

Singer, W., Spies, J. M., McArthur, J., Low, 

J., Griffin, J. W., Nickander, K. K., Gordon, 

V., & Low, P. A. 2004, "Prospective 

evaluation of somatic and autonomic small 

fibers in selected autonomic neuropathies", 

Neurology, 62(4): 612-618 

Trevillion, L., Howells, J., Jankelowitz, S., & 

Burke, D. 2004, "Axonal excitability 

measured by tracking twitch contraction 

force", Muscle Nerve, 30(4): 437-443 

Watanane, T., Fujita, K., Ito, M., Orui, J., 

Watanabe, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Niwa, S., & 

Matsumoto, I. 2004, "Psychological 

intervention on a family of schizophrenia", 

Japanese Journal of Social Psychiatry, 13: 

33-39 

Wells, J., Kosky, C. A., Scolyer, R. A., Lee, 

S., Bye, P. T., Young, G. A., & Davies, L. 

2004, "Unusual case of subcutaneous 

panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma", 

Australas.J.Dermatol., 45(2): 114-118 



Yu, B., Sawyer, N. A., Caramins, M., Yuan, 

Z. G., Saunderson, R. B., Pamphlett, R., 

Richmond, D. R., Jeremy, R. W., & Trent, 

R. J. 2005, "Denaturing high performance 

liquid chromatography: high throughput 

mutation screening in familial hypertrophic 

cardiomyopathy and SNP genotyping in 

motor neurone disease", J.Clin.Pathol., 

58(5): 479-485 

Zavitsanou, K., Garrick, T., & Huang, X. F. 

2004, "Selective antagonist 

[3H]SR141716A binding to cannabinoid 

CB1 receptors is increased in the anterior 

cingulate cortex in schizophrenia", Prog. 

Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 

28(2): 355-360 



Published Conference 

Proceedings and 

Abstracts 2004 

Alexander, K, Dedova, I, James, G, Sheedy, 

D, Harper, C, and Matsumoto, I. Proteomics 

of the human alcoholic brain: protein 

expression changes in the white matter of 

the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Fourth 

Research Conference - "From Cell to 

Society" 2004 

Alexander, K, Garrick, T, Sarris, M, Sheedy, 

D, and Harper, C. Brain Banking for 

Neuroscience. Proceedings of the 

Australasian Society for Psychiatric 


Arthur, A., Booth, D., Bye, C., Armati, P., 

Heard, R., Pollard, J., & Stewart, G. Gene 

expression profiles of relapsing remitting MS 

patients during remission. National Multiple 

Sclerosis Society of Australia, Melbourne, 

2004. 

Aw, ST, Todd, MJ, Aw, GE, McGarvie, LA, 

and Halliday, GM. 3D Vestibulo-Ocular 

Reflex evoked by click-trains in superior 

canal dehiscence. Journal of Vestibular 

Research 2004. 14(2-3): 211 

Aw, ST, Todd, MJ, Aw, GE, McGarvie, LA, 

and Halliday, GM. Atypical positional 

nystagmus in benign paroxysmal positional 

vertigo: 3D study of 40 patients. Journal of 

Vestibular Research 2004. 14(2-3): 183 

Booth, D., Arthur, A., Bye, C., Armati, P., 

Pollard, J., Heard, R., & Stewart, G. Primary 

and secondary progressive multiple 

sclerosis have different gene expression 

patterns in whole blood cells. National 

Multiple Sclerosis Society of Australia, 

Melbourne, 2004. 

Bradshaw, AP, Todd, MJ, Magnussen, JS, 

Aw, ST, and Halliday, GM. 3D Anatomical 

Orientations of the human semicircular 

canals from CT Image Reconstruction: 

Functional Implications. Journal of Vestibular 

Research 2004. 14(2-3): 259 

Burgess, AM, Curthoys, IS, Ooi, D, Cornell, 

ED, and MacDougall, HG. Convergence 

reduces ocular counterroll (OCR) during 

static roll-tilt. Journal of Vestibular Research 

2004. 14(2-3): 273-274 

Burke, D, Kiernan, MC, and Maxwell, IC. 

Clinical Neurophysiology Society 

Proceedings. Australian Association of 

Neurologists Workshop on Clinical 

Neurophysiology 2004. 115: 990-993 

Casey, BC, Hodges, J, Kril, JJ, and Halliday, 

G. Can Pick's disease be differentiated in 

life from FrontoTemporal Dementia lacking 

distinctuve histology? College of Clinical 

Neuropsychologists 10th Annual 

Conference 2004. 

Chow, R. & Armati, P. "Effects of 830nm 

Laser on Cultured Rat Dorsal Ganglia: 

Implications for the Analgesic Effects of 

Laser". The American Society for Lasers in 

Surgery and Medicine Twenty-Fourth Annual 

Meeting. Dallas, Texas, 2004. 

Chow, R. & Armati, P. Effects of 830nm 

Laser on cultured Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia: 

Implications for the Analgesic Effects of 

Laser. The American Society for Lasers in 

Surgery and Medicine Twenty-Fourth Annual 

Meeting. Dallas, Texas, 2004. 

Curthoys, IS, Aw, ST, Todd, MJ, Bradshaw, 

A, and Halmagyi, GM. The relationship 

between three dimensional labrinth anatomy 

and three dimensional eye rotations. Journal 

of Vestibular Research 2004. 14(2-3): 126- 

127 

Curthoys, IS, McPhedran, SK, and Kim, J. 

Bone conducted sounds preferentially active 

guinea pig utricular and saccular irregular 

primary afferents. Journal of Vestibular 

Research 2004. 14(2-3): 210-211 

Curthoys, IS, McPhedran, SK, and Kim, J. 

Bone conducted sounds preferentially 

activate guinea pig utricular and saccular 

irregular primary afferents. Society for 

Neurosciences Poster 530.2 2004.

Curthoys, IS. The physiological basis of 

VEMP's - the response of guinea pig 

primary vestibular neurons to air-conducted 

and bone-conducted sounds. Journal of 

Vestibular Research 2004. 14(2-3): 138-139 

David, M, Spies, JM, Pollard, JD, Zhang, G, 

Armati, PJ, and Sheikh, K. The role of antihanglioside 

antibodies in nerve injury. 7th 

International Congress International Society 

of Neuroimmunology 2004. 

David, M., Spies, J., Pollard, J., Armati, P., & 

Sheikh, K. The role of anti-ganglioside 

antibodies in Chronic inflammatory 

demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and 

Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS). 7th 

International Congress International Society 

of Neuroimmunology 2004. 

Davies, R, Waley, P, Xuereb, J, Hodges, J, 

Halliday, GM, and Kril, JJ. Pathology of 

semantic dementia. Proceedings of the 

Australian Neuroscience Society 2004. 15: 

151 

Dedova, I, Garrick, T, Fortis, A, and Sheedy, 

D. Brain Banking for Neuroscience. 

Australasian Tissue Banking Forum 2004 

Dedova, I, Garrick, T, Sheedy, D, Fortis, A, 

and Harper, C. Brain banking for 

neuroscience. Fourth Research Conference 

- "From Cell to Society" 2004 

Dixon, G, Garrick, T, Sarris, M, Whiteman, I, 

and Harper C. Neuron diversity in the 

human medical mamillary nucleus. 

Proceedings of the Australasian Society for 

Psychiatric Research 2004 

Garrick, T, Azizi, L, and Harper, C. Brain 

donation for research - what do families 

say? Fourth Research Conference - "From 

Cell to Society" 2004 

Garrick, T, Azizi, L, and Harper, C. Brain 

donation for research - what do families 

say? Proceedings of the Australia Health 

and Medical Research Conference 2004 

Garrick, T, Azizi, L, Merrick, J, and Harper, 

C. Brain donation for research, what do 

people say? Proceedings of the Australasian 

Society for Psychiatric Research 2004 

Garrick, T, Azizi, L, Merrick, J, and Harper, 

C. Families and brain donation for research: 

what do they say? Australasian Tissue 

Banking Forum 2004 

Goonetilleke, SC, Curthoys, IS, Burgess, 

AM, and MacDougall, HG. Cognitive 

demands affects the gain of the torsional 

optokinetic. Journal of Vestibular Research 

2004. 14(2-3): 192-193 

Green, A, Garrick, T, Blake, H, Sheedy, D, 

and Harper, C. The "Using our Brains" tissue 

donor program. Fourth Research 

Conference 2004 

Halliday, GM, Song, YC, Lepar, G, Brooks, 

WS, Kwok, JB, Kersaitis, C, Gregory, G, 

Shepherd, CE, Rahimi, F, Schofield, PR, 

and Kril, JJ. Pick bodies in a family with 

presenilin-1 Alzheimer's disease. 2nd 

Australian Health and Medical Research 

Congress 2004. 

Halliday, GM. Meniere's Disease without 

Deafness. Journal of Vestibular Research 

2004. 14(2-3): 164-165 

Hepner, I and Miller, L. Comparing remote 

autobiographical, semantic and 

topographical memories in a patient with 

bilateral mesial temporal infarctions. Journal 

of the International Neuropsychological 

Society 2004. Vol 10 (Supp 1) 

Hodges, J, Davies, R, Xuereb, J, Broe, M, 

Bak, T, Halliday, GM, and Kril, JJ. 

Clinicopathological correlates of 

frontotemporal dementia. Proceedings of the 

Australian Neuroscience Society 2004. 15: 

153 

Karlberg, M, Aw, ST, Black, RA, Todd, MJ, 

MacDougall, HG, and Halmagyi, M. 

Vibration-Induced Eye Movements After 

Unilateral Vestibular Deafferentation. Journal 



of Vestibular Research 2004. 14(2-3): 120- 

121 

Kersaitis, C, Halliday, GM, and Kril, JJ. 

Regional and cellular pathlogy in 

frontotemporal dementia. 4th College of 

Health Sciences Research Conference 

2004. 

Kim, J and Curthoys, IS. Habituation of eyemovement 

responses induced by galvanic 

vestibular stimulation (GVS) in the alert 

gunea pig. Journal of Vestibular Research 

2004. 14(2-3): 222 

Kim, J. A simple pupil-independent method 

for recording eye movements in rodents 

using video. Journal of Neuroscience 

Methods 2004. 138(1-2): 165-171 

Lah, S and Miller, L. Impact of epilepsy and 

surgical variables on memory for the past 

after temporal lobectomy. Brain Impairment 

2004. 5: 24 

Lah, S, Grayson, S, Lee, T, and Miller, L. 

Impact of epilepsy and surgical variables on 

memory for the past after temporal 

lobectomy. Journal of the International 

Neuropsychological Society 2004. Vol 10 

(Supp 1) 

Lambert, N, Robinson, M, Miller, L, and 

Caine, D. The effect of unilateral temporal 

lobe lesions on face recognition and access 

to person-specific knowledge. Brain 

Impairment 2004. 5: 184 

Magnussen, JS, Sonesson, M, Ohlsson, H, 

Halmagyi, GM, Karlberg, M, and Hafstrom, 

A. The Video Impulse Test Assesses 

Function in all 3 canals in patients with 

impaired vestibular function. Journal of 

Vestibular Research 2004. 14(2-3): 218 

McGarvie, LA, Yavor, RA, Curthoys, IS, and 

Halliday, GM. Early VOR suppression during 

clinical testing with velocity trapezoids. 

Journal of Vestibular Research 2004. 14(2- 

3): 239-240 



McPhedran, SK and Curthoys, IS. 

Hippocampal theta activity results from 

dynamic but not ststic vestibular stimulation. 

Journal of Vestibular Research 2004. 

14(111): 2-3 

Miller, L and Batchelor, S. Ability to 

remember the past after frontal or temporal 

lobe stroke. Journal of the International 

Neuropsychological Society 2004. Vol 10 

(Supp 1) 

Miller, L. Retrograde Memory in Patients with 

Focal Brain Lesions. Journal of the 

International Neuropsychological Society 

2004. Vol 10 (Supp 1) 

Nickolls, P., Collins, D., Gorman, R., Burke, 

D., & Gandevia, S. Increased muscle force 

using high-frequency, wide-pulse FES in 

chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. 

Proceedings of the 9th Annual Conference 

of the International Functional Electrical 

Stimulation Society 2004. 

Owler, BK, Parker, G, Halmagyi, GM, and 

Besser, M. Pseuodomotor cerebri 

syndrome: venous sinus obstruction and its 

treatment with stent placement. Year Book 

of Neurology and Neurosurgery 2004. 

Pamphlett, R. Gene-environment 

interactions in motor neurone disease. 

Australasian Association of Neurologists 

Annual Scientific Meeting, Perth, Australia 

Robinson, M, Lambert, N, Caine, D, and 

Miller, L. Semantic knowledge impairment in 

patients with unilateral temporal lobe 

damage: effect of etiology of lesion on 

access and storage. Brain Impairment 2004. 

5: 183 

Schofield, EC, Caine, D, Kril, JJ, Cordato, 

NJ, and Halliday, GM. Staging disease 

severity in movement disorder tauopathies: 

Brain atrophy separates progressive 

supranuclear palsy from corticobasal 

degeneration. Proceedings of the Australian 

Neuroscience Society 2004. 15: 140 

Schofield, EC, Cordato, NJ, Macdonald, V, 

Kril, JJ, and Halliday, GM. Clinicopatholigical 

correlates of atrophy in progressive 

supranuclear palsy. 2nd Australian Health 

and Medical Research Congress 2004. 

Sheedy, D, Dedova, I, Garrick, T, Fortis, A, 

and Harper, C. Brain Banking for 

Neuroscience. Alcoholism. Clinical and 

Experimental Research 2004. 28(5): 678 

Sheedy, D, Garrick, T, Alexander, K, Fortis, 

A, Dedova, I, and Harper, C. Brain Banking 

for neuroscience. Proceedings of the 

Australia Health and Medical Research 

Conference 2004 

Sutherland, GT and Kril, JJ. Optimisation of 

a real-time PCRR assay to quantify tau 

mRNA in frontotemporal dementia. 4th 

College of Health Sciences Research 

Conference 2004. 

Todd, MJ, Aw, ST, Magnussen, JS, Lehnen, 

N, McCormack, SR, and Halmagyi, GM. MR 

imaging of vestibular nerves explains 

residual symptoms after vestibular 

neurectomy in Meniere's Disease. Journal of 

Vestibular Research 2004. 14(2-3): 258-259 

Todd, NPM, Curthoys, IS, Aw, ST, Todd, 

MJ, McGarvie, LA, Rosengren, SM, 

Colebatch, JG, and Halmagyi, GM. 

Vestibular evoked ocular responses to air - 

(AC) and bone-conducted (BC) sound I: eye 

movements and timing in relation to 

Vestibular Evoked Peri-ocular Potentials 

(VEPP). Journal of Vestibular Research 

2004. 14(2-3): 123-124 

Waley, P, Jelinek, H, and Kril, JJ. Cerebral 

microcirculation in dementia. 4th College of 

Health Sciences Research Conference 

2004. 

Young, V and Kril, JJ. Using postmortem 

MRI to detect white matter hyperintensities. 

4th College of Health Sciences Research 

Conference 2004.

Invited Lectures and 

Seminars 

Barnett, M. Albert Einstein College of 

Medicine. New York. 

Barnett, M. Australian Association of 

Neurologists Annual Meeting. Perth. 

Barnett, M. Aventis Clinical Weekend. 

Melbourne. 

Barnett, M. Progress in Multiple Sclerosis, 

Melbourne. 

Burke, D. "H Reflex and F waves in 

perioheral nerves and segmental lesions: 

physiologic principles". Hands-on 

Workshop. 

Burke, D. Postgraduate Course in Clinical 

Neurophysiology. Manila, The Philippines. 

Curthoys, I. The Physiological Basis of 

VEMPs - The response of Guinea Pig 

Primary Vestibular Neurons to Air-Conducted 

and Bone-Conducted Sounds. XXIII 

International Congress of the Barany 

Society, Paris, College de France. 

Curthoys, I., Aw, S., Todd, M., Bradshaw, 

A., & Halmagyi, G. The relationship 

between three dimensional labyrinth 

anatomy and three dimensional eye 

rotations. XXIII International Congress of the 

Barany Society, Paris, College de France. 

Garrick, T. "Using our Brains" and the "Gift 

of Hope" - brain donation for research. Lions 

Club Annual General Meeting. 

Garrick, T. "Using our Brains" and the "Gift 

of Hope" - brain donation for research. 

Probus Club Annual General Meeting. 

Harper, C. Brain banks and Translational 

Research. Australasian Tissue Banking 

Forum. 

Harper, C. Mechanisms of white matter 

damage in alcoholics. International Society 

for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism. 

Krill, J. Frontotemporal dementia: 

neuropathology and clinicopathological 

correlations. Institute of Biomedical 

Research, The University of Sydney, 

National Symposium. 

Matsumoto, I. Molecular basis of alcoholinduced 

brain damage. Symposium in 

Collegium Internationale 

Neuropsychopharmacologium (CINP) 

conference, Paris. 

Matsumoto, I. Molecular mechanism of 

alcohol -induced neuronal damage. IMAG 

conference, Canberra. 

Matsumoto, I. Proteomics on schizophrenia 

brain. NISAD Summit, Sydney. 

Matsumoto, I. Psychiayric Brain Bank: How 

we can cooperate to support scientific 

research. Seminar for general public, 

Sapporo, Japan. 

Matsumoto, I. What does alcohol do to 

your brain? UNSW Warren College. 

Miller, L. Cortical Organisation of Cognitive 

Functions. Lecture to GlaxoSmithKiline 

representatives, Epilepsy Society of Australia 

Meeting, Sydney. 

Pollard, J. CIDP. An update. 11th Asian & 

Oceanic Congress of Neurology, November, 

Singapore. 

Pollard, J. Diagnosis and Management of 

CIDP. Neuroscience Post Graduate 

Weekend, August, Gold Coast Qld. 



Pollard, J. IVIg in CIDP. INDAPS (Intravenous 

Immunoglobulin in Neurological Disorders, 

Asia & Pacific Symposium), October, 

Singapore. 

Pollard, J. IVIg in Neurological Disorders. 

Blood Bank Authority, May, Sydney. 

Pollard, J. Mechanism of Action of IVIg in 

GBS & CIDP. INDAPS, October, Singapore. 

Pollard, J. The Management of severe 

GBS. 11th Asian & Oceanic Congress of 

Neurology, November, Singapore. 

Prineas, J. MS: new findings in 

neuropathology. The Wofgang Bruck 

Lecture. The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, 

Melbourne. 

Prineas, J. Pathology of acute disseminated 

encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. 

Annual update in paediatric neurology. The 

Childrens Hospital at Westmead. 

Spring, P., Spies, J., & Yiannikas, C. Small 

fibre neuropathy studies in primary and 

secondary restless legs syndrome. AAN, 

Perth. 


Research grants 

2004 

Title Granting Body $ 2004 

The role of the poliovirus receptor in motor neuron disease Motor Neuron Disease Research $15,000 

(Pamphlett) Institute of Australia 

Motor Neuron Disease Research (Pamphlett) Aimee Stacey Memorial MND Fund $20,000 

Epigenetic silencing in Motor Neuron Disease Motor Neuron Disease Research $19,800 

(Pamphlett) Institute of Australia 

Resurgent sodium currents in peripheral nerve axons Australia Research Council $270,000 

(Kiernan, Conner) (2004-2006) 

Understanding the variation in frontotemporal dementia National Health & Medical pa $136,750 

(Kril, Creasey, Halliday) Research Council (2004-2006) 

Equipment Grant - Benchtop Ultracentrifuge National Health & Medical $73,200 

(Witting, Nicholson, Lay, Kritharides, Kril, Le Couteur, Lowe Research Council 

Kennerson, Harris, Hawkins, Handelsman) 

Equipment Grant - Victor 3 Multilabel Plate Reader University of Sydney $45,000 

(Witting, Lowe, Handelsman, Nicholson, Seibel, Le Couteur, 

Lay, Kritharides, Kril, Kennerson, Muller) 

Neuropathology of white matter hyperintensities (Kril) The Brain Foundation $15,000 

Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (Kril) The Medical Foundation $45,000 

Brain Donor Program / Annual Clinical Data Updates (Kril) The Medical Foundation $2,000 

‘Using our Brains’: Tissue Donor Program Australian Brewers’ Foundation $32,500 

Brain Banking and Donor Programs National Health & Medical pa $500,000 

Research Council (2004-2009) 

Brain Tissue Resource Centre for Alcohol Research National Institute of Alcohol pa $650,000 

Abuse and Alcoholism (2003-2008) 

Brain Bank and Donor Program for Biomedical Research NSW BioFirst Award $400,000 

into Schizophrenia and Alcohol related brain damage (2003-2006) 

Autobiographical memory in patients with Brain Foundation Grant $12,000 

temporal lobe lesions (Miller, Lah) 

The neuropsychology of odour-taste synaesthesia Macquarie University Safety $17,182 

(Miller, Stevenson) Net Scheme 

The role of the Thalamus in Olfactory Perception RAACE/iMURS Scholarship Stipend + 

(Miller, Stevenson) Scheme PhD Tuition 

Gentamicin Vestibulotoxicity National Health & Medical $55,000 

(Halmagyi) Research Council 

Behavioural and Physiological tests of vestibular function National Health & Medical $65,000 

(Curthoys) Research Council 

Oculomotor tests of otolith function during centrifugation National Health & Medical $96,350 

(Curthoys) Research Council 

Studies in Prion Disorders Alberti Bequest for Clinical $1,400,000 

(Hawke, Pollard, Harper) Neurological Research (2004-2009) 

Major Initiative for Biomedical Research in NSW Ramaciotti Foundation $1,000,000 

(Pollard, Bennett, Hickie) 

Glial and neuroinflammatory mechanisms of neuronal degen- NSW Health $1,000,000 

eration and regeneration (Pollard, Prineas, Banati, Bennett) 

Pathogenic mechanisms of inflammatory demyelinating National Health & Medical $125,000 

neuropathy (Pollard, Spies, Sutton) Research Council 

| 28 | Annual Report 2004


2004 Record of Attendances 

22004 Atttenddances Jann Feb Mar Apr May Jun Juul AAug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total 

Admission 68 88 78 59 65 67 70 66 64 60 59 72 816 

Audiology 92 98 133 120 139 119 94 101 146 114 114 92 1,362 

Autonomic Study 5 15 17 13 19 20 10 6 17 11 14 12 159 

Consultation 201 347 450 219 294 322 139 341 296 297 354 229 3,48899 

EEG 51 61 62 51 58 58 61 64 74 41 45 49 675 

EEG Ambulatory 3 2 4 3 8 6 4 8 3 6 3 2 552 

EEG Telementry 9 11 24 16 23 18 18 17 17 9 13 11 186 

EMG 40 108 104 61 77 65 67 89 63 59 113 64 910 

ENG + VFT 110 175 212 157 179 164 164 158 172 144 189 146 1,9970 

Evoked Potentials 55 68 73 54 53 60 51 53 58 45 50 52 6772 

I.V. Therapy 16 21 25 15 9 5 21 14 11 3 10 9 159 

Neuropsychology Consult 11 19 23 19 17 25 16 19 21 20 28 15 233 

Seizure Clinic 25 71 69 54 68 59 27 81 53 51 17 1 576 

Vestibular Rehab 33 22 22 14 30 17 13 30 37 14 35 25 292 

Vestibular Evaluation 82 119 148 108 127 110 124 112 118 93 120 93 1,354 

Ward Consultation 40 37 33 29 48 34 33 40 48 31 33 42 448 






Statement of Income and Expenditure for the year ended 31 December 2004 

INCOME 


31 December 31 December 

2004 2003 

$ $ 

Grants and HECS 66,872 24,304 

Scholarships/Donation/Bequests 96,075 249,390 

Business & Investment Income 117,835 164,923 

Fees & Charges 161,660 240,319 

Other Income 40,706 95,637 

Total Income 483,148 774,573 

EXPENDITURE 

Staff payroll 283,886 190,199 

Consumables 66,369 11,171 

Equipment & Repairs/Maintenance 543,554 935 

Services/Utilities 15,925 1,138 

Travel/Conferences 47,342 36,925 

Other expenses 157,601 173,771 

Total Expenditure 1,114,677 414,139 

SURPLUS FOR THE YEAR (631,529) 360,434 

Total Accumulated Funds as at 1 January 2,243,177 1,882,743 

TOTAL ACCUMULATED FUNDS 1,611,648 2,243,177



Balance Sheet as at 31 December 2004 

ASSETS 

31 December 31 December 

2004 2003 

$ $ 

Current Assets 

Prepayments 2,760 8,900 

Investment-Cash Balance 1,408,888 2,034,277 

Total Current Assets 1,411,648 2,043,177 

Fixed Assets 

Growth Fund Investment Pool 200,000 200,000 

Total Fixed Assets 200,000 200,000 

Total Assets 1,611,648 2,243,177 

NET ASSETS 1,611,648 2,243,177 

EQUITY 

Accumulated Funds 1,611,648 2,243,177 

TOTAL EQUITY 1,611,648 2,243,177 

I certify that the Statement of income and Expenditure and Balance Sheet have been prepared in accordance with the 

University’s accounting practices and procedures and reflect the transactions as recorded in the University’s general 

ledger. 

B.P. McLaughlin FCPA 

Manager (Finance & Resources) 

College of Health Sciences 

May 9, 2005 




With special thanks to our benefactors in 2004 

Individuals 

R Moore 

B Cook 

M Pillemar 

P Callaghan 

T Mann 

N Seckold 

L De Mello 

AB & AE Yeomans 

A Mathey 

R Chow 

B & K McFayden 

R Low 

R Ouvrier 

P Hegarty 

L Benscher 

J & H Graham 

J Bakous 

Corporations 

Schering 

Serono 

Biogen 

Please send to: The Nerve Research Foundation, Blackburn Building, D06 

University of Sydney NSW 2006. 

Tel No: (02) 9351 3385 - Fax No. (02) 9351 4018 

All donations over $ 2 are allowable deductions for taxation purposes 

I wish to donate $ _________________ to the Nerve Research Foundation. 

1. Enclosed is my cheque made payable to the Nerve Research Foundation, or 

2. Please debit my: ■ Bankcard ■ MasterCard ■ Visa 

Account number: ■■■■ ■■■■ ■■■■ ■■■■ 

Expiry Date: _____ /_____ /_____ 

Signature: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

Name: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

Address: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

________________________________________________________________________ Postcode: _______________________________________ 


E Ramshaw 

J McCrory 

CE & CR Hando 

M Zell 

Mr & Mrs Zell 

J Corney 

A Brogna 

G Emmett 

JL & PA Alston 

P Kiriakos 

P Bradstreet 

H Tabrett 

N Fleming 

L & P Dekroon 

J Anderson 

L Newman 

M Flavell 

✃

Website of Interest 

National Multiple Sclerosis Society - www.nmss.org 

We would like to thank the following for contributing to the costs of producing this Annual Report. 

Edited by: Patricia Armati, Nicholas Jufas.


Blackburn Building, D06 - University of Sydney NSW 2006. - Tel: (02) 9351 3385 - Fax: (02) 9351 4018 

www.nrf.med.usyd.edu.au 

nrf@med.usyd.edu.au 

The Institute of Clinical Neurosciences 

Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW, Australia. - Tel: (02) 9515 7565 

All donations over $ 2 are allowable deductions for taxation purposes

Nerve Research Foundation - University of Sydney

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