Program & Abstract Book - EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009

Recommendations

Info

EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Understanding Violence P-26 80 February 11-13 2009 genDer inequality , hiv/aiDs &violence : triple jeoparDy of women Joshi, Shambhu 1 ; Bhandari, rajan 2 ; Kumar, Ashok 3 1 District Public Health Office, Malakhet, Nepal; 2 Community Health and Environmental Society Nepal,KTM, Nepal; 3 Univrsity of Bombay,Mumbai,India Background: HIV infection in Nepal has a female face because of it growing fastest in this subpopulation. How Gender, violence &HIV/AIDS make women jeopardized? Summary/Objectives: A study was conducted with PLWHA women during 2005-2007. To examine the complexity of violence, HIV/AIDS and to learn more about the specific problems faced by women living with HIV - how the concept of gender, violence &HIV/AIDS make their life vulnerable. Case Studies and Informal Interviews with HIV infected women. Data was analysed with EPI info program. Results: Case studies and interviews with women from the study illustrate that low status in family, sexual violence, economic and social problems such as poverty, lack of education are some of the primary reasons to get infection. Cultural orientation inhibits them to talk about sex to their partners, which results in infectious status. In the middle-aged women, after sterilization they do not practice regular use of condoms, because they think it is primarily for family planning. Among the newly-married women they know their status only at time of pregnancy, which results in psychological trauma and other related aspects. Most of them are widows and they know their sero status at a later stage of their partner’s HIV infected life. After the death of their partner, some of them are being expelled from their home and undergo various violations of human rights. Lessons learned: This study revealed the need to develop appropriate program would be emphasing the target communities. Due to illiteracy, poverty, gender inequality women and girls are facing with spousal battering , sexual abuse of female children, dowry related violence, rape including marital rape, traditional practices harmful to female, no spousal violence, sexual harassment and intimidation at work and in school, trafficking of women, forced prostitution, rape in war, female infanticide, constant belittling includes controlling behaviors such as isolation from family &friends, monitoring her movements, restrict her access to resources. Govenment,NGOs,INGOs also have crucial role to work hand to hand in this issues by empowering female, law and policy, equal education and economic opportunities to female.
EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Understanding Violence P-27 Depicting t h e r o l e o f t h e kap1 e p i g e n e t i c r e g u l a t o r in b e h a v i o u r a l v u l n e r a b i l i t y t o s t r e s s Marquis, Julien 1 ; Jakobsson, Johan 2 ; Bisaz, Reto 1 ; Sandi, Carmen 1 ; Trono, Didier 1 Poster Abstracts 1 Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2 Faculty of medicine, Lund university, 22184 Lund, Sweden Growing evidence points to the role of epigenetics in translating environmental stimuli into long-lasting changes of gene expression in the brain. Contrasting with the abundance of data pointing to the key role of epigenetics in animal behaviour, relatively little is known about the molecular mediators of this process. As part of a broad effort to define the roles of the KRAB/KAP1 gene regulation pathways in vivo, we carried out a reverse genetic approach by generating a mouse model in which the KAP1 gene was specifically inactivated in neurons of the adult forebrain. Behavioral studies reveal heightened level of anxiety-like and exploratory activity in these mice, as well as stress-induced alterations in spatial learning and memory (Jacobsson et al., Neuron, 2008, 60, 818-31). At the molecular level, transcriptome analyses detect the dysregulation of a small number of genes correlated with a decrease of H3K9-me3 and an increase of H4Ac, consistent with KAP1-dependent chromatin changes. Our initial molecular studies were performed on whole hippocampus, that is, on a mixture of KAP1-negative and KAP1-positive cells. We are now using laser-dissection to recover selectively KAP1-deleted cells and also analyze separately different hippocampal sub-area. We anticipate that, associated with transcriptome and chromatin analyses, the method should generate robust data to help deciphering the cascade of molecular event linking KAP1 to the observed “stress phenotype”. The Cre mediated hippocampal-KAP1 deletion occurs at approximately 15-30 days of age, that is, when murine macroscopic brain structures are fully developed. Nevertheless, we cannot rule out that KAP1 deletion does not primarily impact on immature, developing neurological networks. To address this point, we have generated a similar mouse model but expressing a tamoxifen-inducible form of Cre. We will now study whether inducing KAP1 deletion at different ages has an impact on the “stress behaviour”. Along the same line, we will study the reversibility of that phenotype by controlling the re-expression of KAP1 through doxycycline treatment of animals carrying an rtTA-regulated expression system. Work performed in our laboratory indicates that KAP1 is an important mediator of stem cell proliferation/differentiation. Interestingly, several observations support the hypothesis that depression could be correlated with an altered adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Therefore, through combined labelling with BrdU and several neuronal differentiation marker, we are testing the possibility that adult neuronal maturation could be affected in hippocampal KAP1-deleted animals. The results of this analysis may provide insight into the biology of depression. 81
Page 1:
EPFL-LATSIS Symposium 2009 Lausanne
Page 4 and 5:
EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Underst
Page 6 and 7:
Page 8 and 9:
Page 10 and 11:
Page 12 and 13:
Page 14 and 15:
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30: EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Underst
Page 53: EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Underst
Page 111 and 112: Participants List
Page 127: EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Underst
show all

Program & Abstract Book - EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?