Program & Abstract Book - EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009

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EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Understanding Violence S-20 46 February 11-13 2009 gr o u p s , by s t a n D e r s a n D t h e in f o r m a l re g u l a t i o n o f vi o l e n c e (co n t .) Levine, Mark Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, UKA of violent incidents. I will show that an analysis of the behaviours of perpetrators, targets and bystanders to real life violence reveals that, as group size increases, more pro-social than anti-social acts occur. Moreover, I will show that there is an implicit pattern to the sequences in the CCTV clips such that violent and non-violent episodes are distinguished by what happens on the ‘third bystander act’. I will argue that the violence in these episodes cannot be understood with reference to the perpetrator, or the victim, or even the relationship between perpetrator and victim. Instead I will suggest that violence (and the informal control of potentially violent episodes) needs to be understood as a group level ‘choreography’. It is what the bystanders do – or do not do – that determines the trajectory of the violence. I will conclude by arguing that these findings would not be available from methods that rely on participant accounts or other forms of reactive data collection. To that end I will speculate on how conducting experiments using violence in Virtual Environments can create the empirical conditions required to test some of the important outstanding questions about the role of group processes in understanding violence.
EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Understanding Violence S-21 vi r t u a l re a l i t y in th e st u D y of eX t r e m e si t u a t i o n s Abstracts for Speakers Slater, Mel Virtual Environments Department of Computer Science University College London, UK When people experience situations and events in an immersive virtual reality, they typically respond as if these were really happening, even though they know for sure that nothing real is taking place. This power of virtual reality to induce response-as-if-real makes it a powerful tool in the investigation of how people would respond in dangerous and extreme situations – but avoiding the practical and ethical problems that would be involved in real exposure. In this talk we will introduce the main characteristics of a virtual reality system, and describe a number of experimental case studies on this theme. We will conclude with an discussion of the use of virtual reality in the study of violence. 47
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Program & Abstract Book - EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009

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