Program & Abstract Book - EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009

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EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Understanding Violence S-9 34 February 11-13 2009 mi c r o-s i t u a t i o n a l a n t e c e D e n t s o f v i o l e n t a t r o c i t y Klusemann, Stefan Sociology MA, University of Pennsylvania, USA My paper presents an analysis of video-recordings showing micro-situational events that preceded the 1995 Srebrenica massacre in which more than 7,000 Bosnian-Muslim men were killed by troops of the Bosnian Serb Army. The paper focuses on the sequential unfolding of micro-interactions and emotional dynamics that preceded the atrocity. It is argued that micro-interactions constitute situational turning points towards, or away from atrocities. Even if there are pre-planned plots or macro-structural background conditions which lead particular persons to be motivated to commit violence, a micro-situational, emotional momentum is needed for atrocities to occur. The paper breaks new ground methodologically by analyzing video-material in violent situations with Paul Ekman’s research tools and the micro-sociological theories of Randall Collins, Jack Katz, Theodore Kemper, and Thomas Scheff.
EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009: Understanding Violence S-10 Abstracts for Speakers ba l a n c i n g r i s k s a n D r e w a r D s: t h e l o g i c o f v i o l e n c e Broom, Mark Department of Mathematics University of Sussex, UK The use of violence is widespread throughout the natural world, prominent examples being predatory violence between species, seasonal violent competition for mating rights and territories within species and competition for food both within and between species. These interactions are generally between unrelated individuals with no social connection. There are, however, also examples of violent behaviour which occurs within groups of individuals who otherwise cooperate to live, have significant social bonds and may also be related, and that is the primary focus of this talk. Examples are in the establishment and maintenance of dominance hierarchies, or in infanticide, where (usually) incoming males attempt to kill existing infants in a group. Such violence can at first sight seem paradoxical, but in fact is often perfectly logical from the perspective of the individual perpetrating the violence, as distinct from the group as a whole. We discuss such situations from the point of view of evolutionary game theory, and also touch on wider questions of intraspecific violence in general. 35
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Program & Abstract Book - EPFL Latsis Symposium 2009

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