[James_H._Harlow]_Electric_Power_Transformer_Engin(BookSee.org)
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TABLE 3.14.10 (continued) Relevant IEEE Documents<br />
IEEE C57.19.00-1991 (R1997) Standard General Requirements and Test Procedures for Outdoor <strong>Power</strong> Apparatus<br />
Bushings<br />
IEEE C57.19.01-1991 (R1997) Standard Performance Characteristics and Dimensions for Outdoor Apparatus Bushings<br />
IEEE C57.19.03-1996<br />
Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Bushings for DC Applications<br />
IEEE C57.19.100-1995<br />
Guide for Application of <strong>Power</strong> Apparatus Bushings<br />
(R1997)<br />
IEEE C57.21-1990 (R1995) Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Shunt Reactors Rated over 500<br />
kVA<br />
IEEE C57.91-1995<br />
Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE C57.93-1995<br />
Guide for Installation of Liquid-Immersed <strong>Power</strong> <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE C57.98-1993<br />
Guide for <strong>Transformer</strong> Impulse Tests (An errata sheet is available in PDF format)<br />
IEEE C57.100-1986 (R1992) Standard Test Procedures for Thermal Evaluation of Oil-Immersed Distribution<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE C57.104-1991<br />
Guide for the Interpretation of Gases Generated in Oil-Immersed <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE C57.105-1978 (R1999) Guide for Application of <strong>Transformer</strong> Connections in Three-Phase Distribution Systems<br />
IEEE C57.109-1993<br />
Guide for Liquid-Immersed <strong>Transformer</strong> Through-Fault-Current Duration<br />
IEEE C57.110-1998<br />
Recommended Practice for Establishing <strong>Transformer</strong> Capability when Supplying<br />
Nonsinusoidal Load Currents<br />
IEEE C57.111-1989 (R1995) Guide for Acceptance of Silicone Insulating Fluid and Its Maintenance in <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE C57.113-1991<br />
Guide for Partial Discharge Measurement in Liquid-Filled <strong>Power</strong> <strong>Transformer</strong>s and<br />
Shunt Reactors<br />
IEEE C57.116-1989 (R1994) Guide for <strong>Transformer</strong>s Directly Connected to Generators<br />
IEEE C57.117-1986 (R1992) Guide for Reporting Failure Data for <strong>Power</strong> <strong>Transformer</strong>s and Shunt Reactors on <strong>Electric</strong><br />
Utility <strong>Power</strong> Systems<br />
IEEE C57.121-1998<br />
Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of Less Flammable Hydrocarbon Fluid in<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE C57.131-1995<br />
Standard Requirements for Load Tap Changers<br />
IEEE C57.138-1998<br />
Recommended Practice for Routine Impulse Test for Distribution <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE C57.120-1991<br />
IEEE Loss Evaluation Guide for <strong>Power</strong> <strong>Transformer</strong>s and Reactors<br />
IEEE PC57.123<br />
Draft Guide for <strong>Transformer</strong> Loss Measurement<br />
IEEE C57.125-1991<br />
IEEE Guide for Failure Investigation, Documentation, and Analysis for <strong>Power</strong><br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s and Shunt Reactors<br />
IEEE PC57.127-2000<br />
Trial Use Guide for the Detection of Acoustic Emissions from Partial Discharges in Oil-<br />
Immersed <strong>Power</strong> <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE PC57.129-1999<br />
Trial-Use General Requirements and Test Code for Oil-Immersed HVDC Converter<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE PC57.130-1998<br />
Trial Use Guide for the Use of Dissolved Gas Analysis during Factory Thermal Tests for<br />
the Evaluation of Oil Immersed <strong>Transformer</strong>s and Reactors<br />
IEEE C57.131-1995<br />
IEEE Requirements for Load Tap Changers<br />
IEEE PC57.133-2001<br />
IEEE Guide for Short-Circuit Testing of Distribution and <strong>Power</strong> <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE PC57.135<br />
Draft Guide for the Application, Specification and Testing of Phase-Shifting<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
IEEE PC57.136<br />
Draft Guide for Sound Abatement and Determination for Liquid-Immersed <strong>Power</strong><br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s and Shunt Reactors Rated over 500 kVA<br />
IEEE PC57.142<br />
A Guide To Describe the Occurrence and Mitigation of Switching Transients Induced<br />
by <strong>Transformer</strong> and Breaker Interaction<br />
TABLE 3.14.11 NEMA TP-1 Rating Range for Single-Phase and Three-Phase Dry-Type and Liquid-<br />
Filled Distribution <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
Voltage Class<br />
Primary Voltage = 34.5 kV and below<br />
Secondary Voltage = 600 V and below<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong> Type Number of Phases Rating Range<br />
Liquid rating Single phase 10–833 kVA<br />
Three phase<br />
15–2500 kVA<br />
Dry rating Single phase 15–833 kVA<br />
Three phase<br />
15–2500 kVA<br />
3.14.3.5.2.2 NEMA TP-2, Standard Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Distribution<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s — This standard is intended for use as a basis for determining the energyefficiency<br />
performance of the equipment covered and to assist in the proper selection of such equipment.<br />
This standard covers single-phase and three-phase dry-type and liquid-immersed distribution transformers<br />
(transformers for transferring electrical energy from a primary distribution circuit to a secondary<br />
distribution circuit or within a secondary distribution circuit) as defined in Table 3.14.12.<br />
This standard addresses the test procedures for determining the efficiency performance of the transformers<br />
covered in NEMA Publication TP-1.<br />
Products excepted from this standard include:<br />
Liquid-filled transformers below 10 kVA<br />
Dry-type transformers below 15 kVA<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s connected to converter circuits<br />
All rectifier transformers and transformers designed for high harmonics<br />
Autotransformers<br />
Nondistribution transformers, such as UPS transformers<br />
Special impedance and harmonic transformers<br />
Regulating transformers<br />
Sealed and nonventilated transformers<br />
Retrofit transformers<br />
Machine-tool transformers<br />
Welding transformers<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s with tap ranges greater than 15%<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong>s with frequency other than 60 Hz<br />
Grounding transformers<br />
Testing transformers<br />
3.14.3.5.2.3 NEMA TR-1, 1993 (R-1999) <strong>Transformer</strong>s Regulators and Reactors — This publication<br />
provides a list of all ANSI C57 standards that have been approved by NEMA. In addition, it includes<br />
certain NEMA standard test methods, test codes, properties, etc., of liquid-immersed transformers,<br />
regulators, and reactors that are not American national standards.<br />
3.14.3.5.3 IEC 76-1<br />
IEC 76-1 is intended to prepare international standards for power transformers, on-load tap changers,<br />
and reactors without limitation of voltage or power (not including instrument transformers, testing<br />
transformers, traction transformers mounted on rolling stock, and welding transformers). The relevant<br />
documents are listed in Table 3.14.13.<br />
Note that the industry standards-making <strong>org</strong>anizations and participants are constantly in a state of<br />
change. In order to see the most recent standards and guides, please consult the catalogs of the respective<br />
standards-writing <strong>org</strong>anizations.<br />
TABLE 3.14.12 NEMA TP-2 Rating Range for Single-Phase and Three-Phase Dry-Type and Liquid-<br />
Immersed Distribution <strong>Transformer</strong>s<br />
<strong>Transformer</strong> Type Number of Phases Rating Range<br />
Liquid immersed Single phase 10–833 kVA<br />
Three phase<br />
15–2500 kVA<br />
Dry type Single phase 15–833 kVA<br />
Three phase<br />
15–2500 kVA<br />
Note: Includes all products at 1.2 kV and below.<br />
© 2004 by CRC Press LLC<br />
© 2004 by CRC Press LLC