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FIGURE 2.9.43 Installation of harmonic filter reactors for an HVDC project with a sound-shield enclosure.<br />

FIGURE 2.9.44 Design comparison of sound-pressure levels; natural design vs. reduced noise design vs. shielded<br />

reduced noise design.<br />

the reactor redesigned to avoid mechanical resonances and with increased damping material, thus resulting<br />

in a lower amplitude of the sound pressure level at the dominating frequencies of the forcing function.<br />

The third curve shows the effect of sound reduction due to a sound-shield enclosure.<br />

4. Bonheimer, D., Lim, E., Dudley, R.F., and Castanheira, A., A Modern Alternative for <strong>Power</strong><br />

Flow Control, IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference, Sept. 22–27, 1991, Dallas,<br />

TX.<br />

5. Bonner, J.A., Hurst, W., Rocamora, R.G., Dudley, R.F., Sharp, M.R., and Twiss, J.A., Selecting<br />

Ratings for Capacitors and Reactors in Applications Involving Multiple Single Tuned Filters,<br />

IEEE Trans. <strong>Power</strong> Delivery, 10, 1, 547–555, January 1995.<br />

6. IEEE, Standard Requirements, Terminology and Test Code for Shunt Reactors Rated Over 500<br />

kVA, IEEE C57.21-1990 (R 1995), Institute of <strong>Electric</strong>al and Electronics <strong>Engin</strong>eers, Piscataway,<br />

NJ, 1995.<br />

7. IEEE, Application Guide for Shunt Reactor Switching, IEEE Std. C37.015-1993, Institute of<br />

<strong>Electric</strong>al and Electronics <strong>Engin</strong>eers, Piscataway, NJ, 1993.<br />

8. IEEE, Standard Requirements, Terminology and Test Code for Dry-Type Air Core Series Connected<br />

Reactors, IEEE Std. C57.16-1996, Institute of <strong>Electric</strong>al and Electronics <strong>Engin</strong>eers, Piscataway,<br />

NJ, 1996.<br />

9. IEEE, General Requirements and Test Code for Dry Type and Oil-Immersed Smoothing Reactors<br />

for DC <strong>Power</strong> Transmission, IEEE Std. 1277-2002, Institute of <strong>Electric</strong>al and Electronics <strong>Engin</strong>eers,<br />

Piscataway, NJ, 2002.<br />

10. Peelo, D.F. and Ross, E.M., A New IEEE Application Guide for Shunt Reactor Switching, IEEE<br />

Trans. <strong>Power</strong> Delivery, 11, 881–887, 1996.<br />

11. Skeats, W.F., Short-Circuit Currents and Circuit Breaker Recovery Voltages Associated with<br />

Two-Phase-to-Ground Short Circuits, AIEE Trans. <strong>Power</strong> Appar. Syst., 74, 688–693, 1955.<br />

12. CIGRE Working Group 13.02, Interruption of Small Inductive Currents, chap. 4, part A, Electra,<br />

101, 13–39, 1985.<br />

13. <strong>Power</strong> System Relaying Committee Report prepared by the Shunt Reactor Protection Working<br />

Group, Shunt Reactor Protection Practices, IEEE/PES 1984 Meeting, Dallas, TX, Jan. 19–Feb. 3,<br />

1984.<br />

14. IEEE Green Book, IEEE Std. 142-1991, Institute of <strong>Electric</strong>al and Electronics <strong>Engin</strong>eers, Piscataway,<br />

NJ, 1991.<br />

15. ANSI, AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis-Preferred Ratings<br />

and Related Required Capabilities, ANSI C37.06-2000, American National Standards Institute,<br />

2000.<br />

16. IEC, High-Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear. Part 100: High-Voltage Alternating Current<br />

Circuit Breakers. IEC 62271-100-2003. International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva,<br />

Switzerland, 2003.<br />

17. IEEE, Application Guide for Transient Recovery Voltage for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers<br />

Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis, IEEE Std. C37.011-1994, Institute of <strong>Electric</strong>al and Electronics<br />

<strong>Engin</strong>eers, Piscataway, NJ, 1994.<br />

18. IEEE, Loss Evaluation Guide for <strong>Power</strong> <strong>Transformer</strong>s and Reactors, IEEE Std. C57.120.1991, Institute<br />

of <strong>Electric</strong>al and Electronics <strong>Engin</strong>eers, Piscataway, NJ, 1991.<br />

19. IEEE, Guide for the Protection of Shunt Reactors, IEEE C37.109-1988, Institute of <strong>Electric</strong>al and<br />

Electronics <strong>Engin</strong>eers, Piscataway, NJ, 1988.<br />

References<br />

1. NEMA, Motors and Generators, Part 22, NEMA MG 1-1987, National <strong>Electric</strong>al Manufacturers<br />

Association, Rosslyn, VA, 1987.<br />

2. Westinghouse <strong>Electric</strong> Corp., <strong>Electric</strong>al Transmission and Distribution Reference Book, 4th ed.,<br />

Westinghouse <strong>Electric</strong> Corp., East Pittsburgh, PA, 1964<br />

3. IEEE, Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Procedure for Neutral Grounding<br />

Devices, IEEE Std. 32-1972, Institute of <strong>Electric</strong>al and Electronics <strong>Engin</strong>eers, Piscataway, NJ,<br />

1972.<br />

© 2004 by CRC Press LLC<br />

© 2004 by CRC Press LLC

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