Bash-Beginners-Guide

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export var export VAR=value ${nnnn} export var=val ${nn} "$@" "$@" "$@" setenv var val $# $# $# $#argv $? $? $? $status $! $! $! Set environment variable More than 9 arguments can be referenced All arguments as separate words Number of arguments Exit status of the most recently executed command PID of most recently backgrounded process $- $- $- Current options . file source file or . file . file source file alias x='y' alias x=y alias x y case case case done done done end switch or case esac esac esac endsw Read commands in file Name x stands for command y Choose alternatives End a loop statement End case or switch exit n exit n exit n exit (expr) Exit with a status for/do for/do for/do foreach set -f, set -o nullglob|dotglob|nocaseglob|noglob noglob hash hash alias -t hashstat hash cmds hash cmds Bash Guide for Beginners alias -t cmds rehash hash -r hash -r unhash history history history Loop through variables Ignore substitution characters for filename generation Display hashed commands (tracked aliases) Remember command locations Forget command locations List previous commands Appendix A. Shell Features 144
if [ $i -eq 5 ] ArrowUp+Enter or !! r !! !str r str !str !cmd:s/x/y/ r x=y cmd !cmd:s/x/y/ if [ $i -eq 5 ] if ((i==5)) if ($i==5) Redo previous command Redo last command that starts with "str" Replace "x" with "y" in most recent command starting with "cmd", then execute. Sample condition test fi fi fi endif End if statement ulimit ulimit ulimit limit pwd pwd pwd dirs read read read $< Set resource limits Print working directory Read from terminal trap 2 trap 2 trap 2 onintr Ignore interrupts unalias unalias unalias Remove aliases until until until Begin until loop while/do while/do while/do while Begin while loop The Bourne Again SHell has many more features not listed here. This table is just to give you an idea of how this shell incorporates all useful ideas from other shells: there are no blanks in the column for bash. More information on features found only in Bash can be retrieved from the Bash info pages, in the "Bash Features" section. More information: Bash Guide for Beginners You should at least read one manual, being the manual of your shell. The preferred choice would be info bash, bash being the GNU shell and easiest for beginners. Print it out and take it home, study it whenever you have 5 minutes. Appendix A. Shell Features 145
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Bash Guide for Beginners Machtelt G
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Bash Guide for Beginners Table of C
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Bash Guide for Beginners Table of C
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Table of Contents Glossary C.......
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Introduction 1. Why this guide? The
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Revision 1.6 2005-03-01 Revised by:
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Bash Guide for Beginners See Chapte
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Bash Guide for Beginners mia:~> cat
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Bash Guide for Beginners When invok
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More information about the file des
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Built-in commands are necessary to
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• Brace expansion • Tilde expan
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A number of methods can be used; on
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Bash Guide for Beginners stop in ea
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Chapter 2. Writing and debugging sc
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the documentation of your favorite
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Bash Guide for Beginners Comments a
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Bash Guide for Beginners + set +x I
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Chapter 3. The Bash environment In
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Bash Guide for Beginners local pid
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MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/mozilla
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Bash Guide for Beginners franky ~>
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the GNU Awk programming language is
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Bash Guide for Beginners 3.2.4. Res
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LINES MACHTYPE MAILCHECK OLDPWD OPT
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two is the second positional parame
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Bash Guide for Beginners 3.3.1. Why
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A correctly-formed brace expansion
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Bash Guide for Beginners If the sub
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of the whitespace characters "space
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Bash Guide for Beginners /dev/hda5
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Bash Guide for Beginners 3.7. Summa
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Two regular expressions may be conc
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LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1 If this
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cathy ~> ls -ld [[:digit:]]* drwxrw
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Bash Guide for Beginners p Print te
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sandy ~> sed -n '/a text/,/This/p'
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Bash Guide for Beginners # This is
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Chapter 6. The GNU awk programming
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Bash Guide for Beginners 121script.
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Bash Guide for Beginners amd.conf a
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Bash Guide for Beginners record1 re
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Bash Guide for Beginners 6.3.6. The
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Chapter 7. Conditional statements I
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Bash Guide for Beginners Table 7-2.
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Bash Guide for Beginners 7.1.2.2. N
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[root@elegance root]# We switch to
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Bash Guide for Beginners echo "Prop
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Bash Guide for Beginners We use the
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Bash Guide for Beginners case EXPRE
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Page 125 and 126: [carol@octarine ~/test] ls -a ./ ..
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Page 155 and 156: cd Change directory. cdp/cdplay An
Page 157 and 158: Bash Guide for Beginners gimp grep
Page 159 and 160: Send and receive mail. man Read man
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Page 165 and 166: Index A aliases Section 3.5.1 ANSI-
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Page 169 and 170: J Bash Guide for Beginners K kill k
Page 171 and 172: eadonly Section 10.1.3 regular expr
Page 173: Bash Guide for Beginners vi(m) Sect
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