Bash-Beginners-Guide

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Appendix A. Shell Features This document gives an overview of common shell features (the same in every shell flavour) and differing shell features (shell specific features). A.1. Common features The following features are standard in every shell. Note that the stop, suspend, jobs, bg and fg commands are only available on systems that support job control. Table A-1. Common Shell Features Command Meaning > Redirect output >> Append to file < Redirect input
Bash Guide for Beginners jobs kill newgrp shift stop suspend time umask unset wait Show active jobs Terminate running jobs Change to a new group Shift positional parameters Suspend a background job Suspend a foreground job Time a command Set or list file permissions Erase variable or function definitions Wait for a background job to finish A.2. Differing features The table below shows major differences between the standard shell (sh), Bourne Again SHell (bash), Korn shell (ksh) and the C shell (csh). Shell compatibility Since the Bourne Again SHell is a superset of sh, all sh commands will also work in bash - but not vice versa. bash has many more features of its own, and, as the table below demonstrates, many features incorporated from other shells. Since the Turbo C shell is a superset of csh, all csh commands will work in tcsh, but not the other way round. Table A-2. Differing Shell Features sh bash ksh csh Meaning/Action $ $ $ % > file 2>&1 Default user prompt >| >| >! Force redirection &> file or > file 2>&1 > file 2>&1 { } { } `command` `command` or $(command) >& file $(command) `command` Redirect stdout and stderr to file Expand elements in list Substitute output of enclosed command $HOME $HOME $HOME $home Home directory var=value VAR=value ~ ~ ~ ~+, ~-, dirs ~+, ~- =-, =N var=value set var=value Home directory symbol Access directory stack Variable assignment Appendix A. Shell Features 143
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Bash Guide for Beginners Machtelt G
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Bash Guide for Beginners Table of C
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Bash Guide for Beginners Table of C
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Table of Contents Glossary C.......
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Introduction 1. Why this guide? The
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Revision 1.6 2005-03-01 Revised by:
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Bash Guide for Beginners See Chapte
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Bash Guide for Beginners mia:~> cat
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Bash Guide for Beginners When invok
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More information about the file des
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Built-in commands are necessary to
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• Brace expansion • Tilde expan
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A number of methods can be used; on
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Bash Guide for Beginners stop in ea
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Chapter 2. Writing and debugging sc
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the documentation of your favorite
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Bash Guide for Beginners Comments a
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Bash Guide for Beginners + set +x I
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Chapter 3. The Bash environment In
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Bash Guide for Beginners local pid
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MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/mozilla
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Bash Guide for Beginners franky ~>
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the GNU Awk programming language is
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Bash Guide for Beginners 3.2.4. Res
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LINES MACHTYPE MAILCHECK OLDPWD OPT
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two is the second positional parame
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Bash Guide for Beginners 3.3.1. Why
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A correctly-formed brace expansion
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Bash Guide for Beginners If the sub
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of the whitespace characters "space
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Bash Guide for Beginners /dev/hda5
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Bash Guide for Beginners 3.7. Summa
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Two regular expressions may be conc
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LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1 If this
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cathy ~> ls -ld [[:digit:]]* drwxrw
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Bash Guide for Beginners p Print te
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sandy ~> sed -n '/a text/,/This/p'
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Bash Guide for Beginners # This is
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Chapter 6. The GNU awk programming
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Bash Guide for Beginners 121script.
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Bash Guide for Beginners amd.conf a
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Bash Guide for Beginners record1 re
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Bash Guide for Beginners 6.3.6. The
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Chapter 7. Conditional statements I
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Bash Guide for Beginners Table 7-2.
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Bash Guide for Beginners 7.1.2.2. N
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[root@elegance root]# We switch to
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Bash Guide for Beginners echo "Prop
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Bash Guide for Beginners We use the
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Page 119 and 120: touch pic-`date +%s`.jpg sleep 300
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Page 123 and 124: ;; 2) $FORTUNE startrek ;; 3) $FORT
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Page 155 and 156: cd Change directory. cdp/cdplay An
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Page 159 and 160: Send and receive mail. man Read man
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Page 165 and 166: Index A aliases Section 3.5.1 ANSI-
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Page 169 and 170: J Bash Guide for Beginners K kill k
Page 171 and 172: eadonly Section 10.1.3 regular expr
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