Research Report Abstracts - Gesundheit

eS270
conducted. The references of included studies were checked.
Articles were selected using the following criteria: (subgroups
of) patients of over 18-years of age; diagnosed with
CWP or FM; receiving multidisciplinary treatment; longitudinal
study design; and an original research report. Four
outcome domains were defined: pain, physical functioning,
emotional functioning, and global improvement.
Analysis: The methodological quality of the selected articles
was assessed using an adaptation of the Hayden criteria. A
qualitative data synthesis was performed identifying the level
of evidence.
Results: 11 studies fulfilled the selection criteria. These studies
exclusively comprised patients with FM. Poorer outcome
in pain was predicted by emotional difficulties and interpersonal
problems (strong evidence) and depression (moderate
evidence). Similarly, poorer outcome in physical functioning
was predicted by emotional and interpersonal difficulties
(strong evidence). Furthermore, it was found that predictors
of outcome vary over specific forms of multidisciplinary
treatment (i.e. cognitive behavioural therapy and operant
behavioural therapy).
Conclusions: Emotional, cognitive and pain related factors
are predictors of multidisciplinary treatment outcome in FM.
Implications: These predictors can be used either to allocate
patients to suitable programs or to adjust treatment to the
specific needs of patients.
Keywords: Fibromyalgia; Multidisciplinary rehabilitation;
Predictors
Funding acknowledgements: None.
Ethics approval: The ethical review board of the Jan van
Breemen Institute in Amsterdam approved this study.
Research Report Poster Display
Number: RR-PO-201-6-Wed Wednesday 22 June 13:00
RAI: Exhibit Halls 2&3
EFFECTS OF WATER IMMERSION ON
CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES DURING
RECOVERY PERIOD AFTER LAND EXERCISE
de Sousa Sena R. 1,2 , Vieira Sales J. 1 , Carlos Silva Araújo
F. 1 , Carneiro Rolim de Moraes H. 1
1University of Fortaleza, Physiotherapy, Fortaleza, Brazil,
2McGill University, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy
Department, Montreal, Canada
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the cardiovascular
effects of water immersion during the recovery period
after land exercise in participants of a Cardiac Rehabilitation
Program.
Relevance: Water immersion has been used as an attempt
to restore the body systems to baseline conditions by various
exercise programs in different populations. However, its
effects on the cardiovascular system of patients in a Cardiac
Rehabilitation Program remains unclear.
Participants: Twenty subjects (fourteen male) participated
in the study. Fourteen participants suffered from arterial
hypertension and six from cardiovascular diseases (three
with heart failure, two with myocardiopathy and one with
cardiomegaly). Inclusion criteria were: presence of cardiovascular
disease or arterial hypertension and clinical stable
condition for at least one month prior to the study. Exclusion
criteria were recent cardiac complaints that could prevent safe
participation in the protocol; any locomotory or neurological
conditions that could limit the ability of the participants
to be immersed in water. The patients were recruited from
the outpatient Cardiac rehabilitation program at the Center
for Integrated Health Care (NAMI) in the University of Fortaleza,
located in the city Fortaleza, Ceara. Brazil. Before any
data collection, participants received a thorough explanation
about the purpose and procedures of the study and provided
written informed consent to participate
Methods: This experimental, analytical and prospective
study was performed in the swimming pool of the Center
for Integrated Health Care of the University of Fortaleza.
The water temperature was 30 ◦ C throughout the study. The
participants underwent a standardized protocol (55 minutes)
that consisted of three phases: 10 minutes of cooling (global
stretching and slow walking); 30 minutes of fast walking and
15 minutes of water immersion. Each subject performed the
protocol three times, with one week of interval between each
trial. Baseline characteristics of the participants, physiological
parameters (heart rate, arterial blood pressure, oxygen
saturation) and dyspnea were assessed. An automatic sphygmomanometer,
a portable pulse oxymeter and an analogical
Borg Scale were used for the measurements. Physiological
parameters and dyspnea were evaluated three times: at rest,
after the land exercise and after the water immersion.
Analysis: Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS
software (version 16.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Repeated
Measures ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation was used. All
data were expressed as mean (SD). A value of p < 0.05 was
considered significant.
Results: The results showed significant response in heart
rate and dyspnea (p < 0.05) after immersion in the recovery
phase; in contrast, blood pressure and oxygen saturation did
not change significantly (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Our findings showed that water immersion had
a positive impact in the cardiovascular system of the participants
of the study and may be used as a strategy for the
post-recovery exercise by Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs.
Implications: Cardiac exercise rehabilitation has become
an accepted form of therapy for patients with cardiovascular
disease. A better understanding of the effects of water
immersion on the cardiovascular response of participants of
a Cardiac Rehabilitation program can help physiotherapists
and other health professionals in the designing of exercises
programs with the inclusion of this intervention as a form of
post-exercise recovery period.