Semrock Master Catalog 2018

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Polarizers Mirrors NIR Filters Edge Filters Dichroic Beamsplitters Laser-line Filters Laser Diode Filters TECHNICAL NOTE Technical Note: Laser Damage Threshold Laser damage to optical filters is strongly dependent on many factors, and thus it is difficult to guarantee the performance of a filter in all possible circumstances. Nevertheless, it is useful to identify a Laser Damage Threshold (LDT) of pulse fluence or intensity below which no damage is likely to occur. P Ppeak Pulsed vs. continuous-wave lasers: Pulsed lasers emit light in a series of pulses of duration t at a repetition rate R with peak power P peak . Continuouswave (cw) lasers emit a steady beam of light with a constant power P. Pulsedlaser average power P avg 1/R and cw laser constant power for most lasers typically P range from several milliWatts (mW) to Watts (W). The table at the end of this avg time Note summarizes the key parameters that are used to characterize the output of pulsed lasers. The table below summarizes the conditions under which laser damage is expected to occur for three main types of lasers. Units: P in Watts; R in Hz; diameter in cm; LDT LP in J/cm 2 . Note: l spec and t spec are the wavelength and pulse width, respectively, at which LDT LP is specified. * The cw and quasi-cw cases are rough estimates, and should not be taken as guaranteed specifications. Type of Laser Typical Pulse Properties Long-pulse τ ~ ns to µs R ~ 1 to 100 Hz cw Quasi-cw Continuous output τ ~ fs to ps R ~ 10 to 100 MHz When Laser Damage is Likely P avg λ R x (π/4) x diameter > 2 λ x Ʈ x Ʈ LDTLP spec spec P W λ (π/4) x diameter > ~10,000 2 J x λ x LDTLP* spec P avg W λ (π/4) x diameter > ~10,000 2 J x λ x LDTLP* spec Long-pulse lasers: Damage Threshold Long Pulse is generally specified in terms of pulse fluence for “long-pulse lasers.” Because the time between pulses is so large (milliseconds), the irradiated material is able to thermally relax—as a result damage is generally not heat-induced, but rather caused by nearly instantaneous dielectric breakdown. Usually damage results from surface or volume imperfections in the material and the associated irregular optical field properties near these sites. Most Semrock filters have LDT LP values on the order of 1 J/cm 2 , and are thus considered “high-power laser quality” components. An important exception is a narrowband laser-line filter in which the internal field strength is strongly concentrated in a few layers of the thin-film coating, resulting in an LDT LP that is about an order of magnitude smaller. cw lasers: Damage from cw lasers tends to result from thermal (heating) effects. For this reason the LDT CW for cw lasers is more dependent on the material and geometric properties of the sample, and therefore, unlike for long-pulse lasers, it is more difficult to specify with a single quantity. For this reason Semrock does not test nor specify LDT CW for its filters. As a very rough rule of thumb, many all-glass components like dielectric thin-film mirrors and filters have a LDT CW (specified as intensity in kW/cm 2 ) that is at least 10 times the long-pulse laser LDT LP (specified as fluence in J/cm 2 ). Quasi-cw lasers: Quasi-cw lasers are pulsed lasers with pulse durations τ in the femtosecond (fs) to picosecond (ps) range, and with repetition rates R typically ranging from about 10 – 100 MHz for high-power lasers. These lasers are typically mode-locked, which means that R is determined by the round-trip time for light within the laser cavity. With such high repetition rates, the time between pulses is so short that thermal relaxation cannot occur. Thus quasi-cw lasers are often treated approximately like cw lasers with respect to LDT, using the average intensity in place of the cw intensity. Example: Frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm. Suppose τ = 10 ns, R = 10 Hz, and Pavg = 1 W. Therefore D = 1 x 10 –7 , E = 100 mJ, and Ppeak = 10 MW. For diameter = 100 μm, F = 1.3 kJ/cm 2 , so a part with LDT LP = 1 J/cm 2 will likely be damaged. However, for diameter = 5 mm, F = 0.5 J/cm 2 , so the part will likely not be damaged. Notch Filters Lamp Clean-up Filters Symbol Definition Units Key Relationships τ Pulse duration sec τ = D / R R Repetition rate Hz = sec -1 R = D / τ D Duty cycle dimensionless D = R x τ P Power Watts = Joules / sec P peak = E / τ; P avg = P peak x D; P avg = E x R E Energy per pulse Joules E = P peak x τ; E = P avg / R A Area of laser spot cm 2 A = (π / 4) x diameter 2 I Intensity Watts / cm 2 I = P /A; I peak = F / τ; I avg = I peak x D; I avg = F x R F Fluence per pulse Joules / cm 2 F = E / A; F = I peak x τ; F = I avg / R More 108 Try out Semrock’s Laser Damage Threshold Calculator at www.semrock.com/ldt-calculator.aspx
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Semrock 2018 Master Catalog Everyth
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Welcome to the 2018 Master Catalog
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T T T T Laser & Optical System Filt
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SearchLight Optimization Calculator
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The Semrock Advantage Proven Reliab
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BrightLine ® Single-band Sets When
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BrightLine ® Single-band Sets for
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BrightLine ® Multiband Sets for Po
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BrightLine ® Single-band Sets Filt
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TECHNICAL NOTE Ultraviolet (UV) Flu
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BrightLine ® Single-band Sets for
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Qdot ® Single-band Filter Sets Fil
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BrightLine ® FRET Single-band Sets
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BrightLine ® Basic TM Best-value S
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(continued from previous page) Fluo
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BrightLine ® Multiband LED Filter
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BrightLine ® Multiband Fluorescenc
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BrightLine ® Multiband Fluorescenc
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Fluorescence Filter Cubes See onlin
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BrightLine ® Laser Filter and Set
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BrightLine ® Laser Fluorescence Mu
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BrightLine ® Laser Fluorescence Fi
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TECHNICAL NOTE Sputtered Thin-film
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BrightLine ® Multiphoton LaserMUX
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Multiphoton Filters Common Specific
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BrightLine ® Single-band Bandpass
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Page 59 and 60: BrightLine ® Long / Short pass Sin
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Page 67 and 68: BrightLine ® Multiedge Dichroic Be
Page 69 and 70: BrightLine ® Dichroic Beamsplitter
Page 71 and 72: Single-band Sets Fluorophores (cont
Page 73 and 74: BrightLine ® Super-resolution / TI
Page 75 and 76: BrightLine ® Laser Multiedge Dichr
Page 77 and 78: LaserMUX TM Beam Combining Filters
Page 79 and 80: TECHNICAL NOTE Measurement of Optic
Page 81 and 82: VersaChrome ® Tunable Filters TECH
Page 83 and 84: VersaChrome ® Tunable Bandpass Fil
Page 85 and 86: VersaChrome Edge TM Tunable Filters
Page 87 and 88: Laser Wavelength Reference Table La
Page 89 and 90: Polarization Filters Common Specifi
Page 91 and 92: General Purpose Mirrors Semrock gen
Page 93 and 94: EdgeBasic TM Long / Short Wave Pass
Page 95 and 96: Edge Steepness and Transition Width
Page 97 and 98: RazorEdge ® Common Specifications
Page 99 and 100: Filter Types for Raman Spectroscopy
Page 101 and 102: MaxLine ® Laser-line Spectra and S
Page 103 and 104: Near Infrared Bandpass Filters Tran
Page 105 and 106: StopLine ® Single-notch Filter Com
Page 107 and 108: TECHNICAL NOTE Filter Spectra at No
Page 109: Working with Optical Density Optica
Page 113 and 114: The Physics of Pixel Shift Pixel sh
Page 115 and 116: Get the Right Solution, Right Now W
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Semrock Master Catalog 2018

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