THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE 1821 TO 1833 BY W.ALISON PHILLIPS 1897

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48 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE distinguished from brigandage. A Turkish tax-gatherer and his retinue were fallen upon and murdered. A band of sixty Albanian mercenaries were surprised and butchered by three hundred Greek Klephts. This was in March, 1821 ; and in April the insurrection was general. Everywhere, as though at a preconcerted signal, the peasantry rose, and massacred all the Turks men, women, and children on whom they could lay hands. In the Morea shall no Turk be left, Nor in the whole wide world. Thus rang the song which, from mouth to mouth', announced the beginning of a war of extermination. The Mussulman population of the Morea had been reckoned at twenty-five thousand souls. Within three weeks of the outbreak of the revolt, not a Moslem was left, the towns. Meanwhile the national uprising had found lead- On the 2nd of April Archbishop Germanos raised ers. save those who had succeeded in escaping into the standard of the cross, and occupied Kalavryta; and four days later, accompanied by the primates Londos, Zaimis, Sotiri, and Papadiamantopulos, and by a wild rabble of peasantry armed with scythes, clubs, and slings, he marched to Patras. The Turks had been
RISING AT PATRAS 49 warned two days earlier of the occurrences at Kalavryta, and had occupied the citadel, whence for fortyeight hours they had bombarded the town; while, among the burning ruins, fanatical bands of Christians and Moslems massacred each other without mercy. The arrival of Germanos and the primates was hailed Avith delight by the Greeks ; and it was hoped that the citadel would now be speedily reduced. With an imposing religious ceremonial a crucifix was erected in the central square of the town, and a proclamation issued in the name of the Greek leaders, containing merely these emphatic words, * Peace to the Christians! Respect to the consuls ! Death to the Turks.' * The sole immediate result, however, of the rising at Patras was the destruction of a once flourishing town. The Greeks, a mere undisciplined rabble, commanded by leaders of no experience, and divided by mutual jealousies, could not reduce the citadel ; and when this was relieved, on the 15th of April, by Yussuf Pasha, Germanos and his followers were forced to retire into the mountains. Many subsequent attempts were made to reduce Patras, but with no better success; and the place remained in the hands of the Turks till after the retirement of Ibrahim from the Morea in 1828. While the bishops and primates were thus raising 4 i Gordon, i. 148.
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PREFACE THIS little book makes no p
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CONTENTS CHAPTER I Continuity of th
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CONTENTS ix CHAPTER VI Death of Eli
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CONTENTS XI Critical position of Re
Page 11 and 12: CONTENTS Xlli the battle on the Pow
Page 13: CONTENTS XV the Russian Admiral Mia
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Page 44 and 45: CHAPTER III The rising in the Princ
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Page 58 and 59: CHAPTEK IV The rising in the Morea
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Page 102 and 103: CHAPTER VI Death of Elias Mavromich
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100 THE WAR OF GEEEK INDEPENDENCE b
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102 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE f
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104 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE a
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108 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE T
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112 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE c
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114 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE d
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116 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE t
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118 TUB WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE n
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120 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE A
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122 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE G
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126 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE E
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128 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE B
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136 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE L
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154 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE W
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158 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE M
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162 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE f
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CHAPTER X Ibrahim lands in the More
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174 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE W
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CHAPTER XI THE SIEGE OF MISSOLONGHI
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CHAPTEE XII Reshid reduces West Hel
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210 THE WAK OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE t
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252 THE WAR OF GKEEK INDEPENDENCE s
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256 THE WAK OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE n
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258 THE AVAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE
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262 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE n
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CHAPTEK XVI The consequences of the
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CHAPTEE XX Operations in East and W
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CHAPTER XXII The approach of the cr
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CHAPTEE XXin Provisional Government
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376 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE K
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394 TUB WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE w
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398 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE L
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400 THE WAK OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE t
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INDEX ABERDEEN, Lord, and Admiral C
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101; taken by Dramali, 102; Odysseu
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his dependence on Russia, 357; atte
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vade Greece, 98, 100; takes Athens
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INDEX 415 lished, 226; renewed anar
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INDEX 417 in the Morea, 45; Sultan
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Klissova, repulse of Arab and Ottom
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Sultan, 152; his navy, 158, 252, 25
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Mavromichales imprisoned at, 364, 3
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INDEX 425 seg., 130 ct seq.; their
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Ibrahim in the Bay of, 154, 166; 30
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THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE 1821 TO 1833 BY W.ALISON PHILLIPS 1897

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