THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE 1821 TO 1833 BY W.ALISON PHILLIPS 1897

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20 THE WAB OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE naturally to an empire united with them by the bonds of the orthodox faith, and which seemed destined to restore in the East the supremacy of the Cross. Catherine II., pondering in her mind vast designs of aggression, was nothing loth to encourage the hopes of the Greeks. At war with the Porte, she did not scruple to send a Russian fleet and Russian agents to rouse the Greeks of the Moreaand Archipelago against the Turk, only to abandon them, as soon as the immediate ends of her policy were secured, to the frightful vengeance of their oppressors. Even this terrible object lesson in the methods of Russian state-craft could not destroy the hopes which the Hellenes based on the great Orthodox Power. The Treaty of Kainardji, indeed, distinctly conceded to the Russians some shadowy protectorate over the Christian subjects of the Porte, a weapon which she was prepared to use or lay aside as suited her policy. Yet, baseless as this trust in Russia's disinterestedness really was, it was this more than anything else which gave such tremendous weight to the propaganda of the great secret society which, in the early years of the present century, prepared the way for, and gave the impulse to, the uprising of the Greeks. The ' Hetairia Philike ' was founded in 1814, at Odessa, by three Greek merchants named Skuphas,
THE 'HETAIRIA PHILIKE ' 21 Athanasios Tsakaloff, and E. Xanthos. It had for its object the uniting of all the Hellenes in an armed organisation, for the purpose of throwing off the Ottoman yoke and restoring the Greek Empire of the East. Childishly fantastic in its constitution, with its elaborate hierarchy, its masonic ritual, and blood-curdling oaths, it was nevertheless inspired by a determination of purpose which scrupled at no methods for the attainment of its ends. Its success was immediate and universal. Nothing, indeed, displays the inferiority of the despotic methods of Turkey to those of Russia so clearly, as the ease with which a conspiracy so elaborate and so ill-disguised was developed and spread. In the course of a year or two the society had extended its operations over all the Greek world, drawing its recruits from all classes. Heartwhole devotion to the cause of Greece was the condition of membership; the most important rule, that which compelled every member to provide himself with arms and ammunition. The propaganda was extended even beyond the limits of the Hellenic nation; Servians and Roumanians were invited to attach themselves to the cause of the Cross, and restore, under the hegemony of Greece, the supremacy of the Church in the East. And behind all the agitation loomed the shadow of Russia. It was the assumed sugDprt ^RussiaJdiaLfojaned^thjR guarantee
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Page 3 and 4: PREFACE THIS little book makes no p
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS CHAPTER I Continuity of th
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS ix CHAPTER VI Death of Eli
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS XI Critical position of Re
Page 11 and 12: CONTENTS Xlli the battle on the Pow
Page 13: CONTENTS XV the Russian Admiral Mia
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Page 44 and 45: CHAPTER III The rising in the Princ
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Page 58 and 59: CHAPTEK IV The rising in the Morea
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CHAPTER VI Death of Elias Mavromich
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92 THE WAR OF GEEEK INDEPENDENCE th
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94 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE pr
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96 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE ea
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98 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE th
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100 THE WAR OF GEEEK INDEPENDENCE b
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102 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE f
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104 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE a
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108 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE T
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112 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE c
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114 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE d
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116 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE t
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118 TUB WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE n
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120 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE A
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122 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE G
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126 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE E
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128 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE B
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130 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE w
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136 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE L
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144 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE H
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146 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE u
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150 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE s
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154 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE W
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156 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE p
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158 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE M
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162 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE f
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CHAPTER X Ibrahim lands in the More
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174 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE W
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CHAPTER XI THE SIEGE OF MISSOLONGHI
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188 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE m
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198 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE e
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CHAPTEE XII Reshid reduces West Hel
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210 THE WAK OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE t
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212 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE m
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248 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE h
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252 THE WAR OF GKEEK INDEPENDENCE s
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256 THE WAK OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE n
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258 THE AVAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE
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262 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE n
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CHAPTEK XVI The consequences of the
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272 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE b
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308 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE C
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316 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE C
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CHAPTEE XX Operations in East and W
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364 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE j
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CHAPTER XXII The approach of the cr
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CHAPTEE XXin Provisional Government
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376 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE K
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394 TUB WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE w
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398 THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE L
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400 THE WAK OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE t
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INDEX ABERDEEN, Lord, and Admiral C
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101; taken by Dramali, 102; Odysseu
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his dependence on Russia, 357; atte
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vade Greece, 98, 100; takes Athens
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INDEX 415 lished, 226; renewed anar
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INDEX 417 in the Morea, 45; Sultan
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Klissova, repulse of Arab and Ottom
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Sultan, 152; his navy, 158, 252, 25
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Mavromichales imprisoned at, 364, 3
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INDEX 425 seg., 130 ct seq.; their
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Ibrahim in the Bay of, 154, 166; 30
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THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE 1821 TO 1833 BY W.ALISON PHILLIPS 1897

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