THE WAR OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE 1821 TO 1833 BY W.ALISON PHILLIPS 1897

HUSSEIN EEDUCES CKETE 155
ful death trap,
of suffocating smoke ;
to escape from the advancing horror
but every outlet had been carefully
closed, and when, after a certain time, the Arabs
entered the cave, not a soul of all the defenders was
left alive. 1
By April 1824, the severe measures of Hussein
had succeeded in reducing the island to submission;
and only in some of the remoter mountain fastnesses,
which had, like the Maina, ever defied the Ottoman
power, did a few bands of the Cretans still assert their
independence. Tornbazes, with a crowd of refugees,
was taken off by a squadron of Hydriot ships. Hussein,
the object of his cruelty being accomplished, exchanged
it for a politic clemency, and, while disarming
the people, issued a general pardon, and attempted
to reconcile the Cretans to the Egyptian rule by a considerable
remission of taxation.
Crete being thus in the hands of the Egyptians,
Mehemet Ali determined to make it
the base of the
expedition which, under his son Ibrahim Pasha, he
was now preparing against the Morea. For months
i The Cretan ' Christians ' appear to have used this incident
as a precedent during the recent massacres at Sitia,
when many Moslems, who had taken refuge in a cave, were
killed just in the same way. See ' Side Lights on the Cretan
Insurrection,' by Mr. Ernest Bennett, Nineteenth Century for
May 1897.