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1.8 River System and Streams<br />
The Bay of Bengal touches the eastern frontier of Ganjam district and its coast<br />
extends over 60 Kms. It provides unique oppertunity for fishing and port facility at<br />
Gopalpur for international trade. The rivers like Rushikulya, Dhanei, Bahuda, Ghoda Hada<br />
are the prominent ones which govern the agriculture and power sectors of the district. The<br />
vast river basine of Rushikulya provides grand potential for exploitation of ground water.<br />
How ever the rivers only navigable during the rain season only. The Chilika lake which<br />
attracts international tourist known for its scenic beauty and a marvalous birds centuary is<br />
situated in the eastern part of district. Since the hills of the District are close to the Sea, the<br />
rivers flowing from the hills are not very large and so they are subject to sudden flood.<br />
There are certain small perennial streams in the tribal interior pockets as well as coastal<br />
region of the District. The Jayamangal Canal is the largest natural canal in the District.<br />
This stream has a potential additional irrigational facility.<br />
1.9 Minerals.<br />
Ganjam, District is famous for “Rare Earth”, Minerals sands and soap stones etc. The<br />
chief economic mineral found in the District are Abrasives and Grinding materials,<br />
Limestone(Kankar), Manganese, Monazite, Garnetiferrous Granities and Charano Kites are<br />
used for manufacture of Grinding stones in the District.<br />
1.10 Human Resources.<br />
As regards the demographic profile, the total population of the District is 31.37 lakhs<br />
according to 2001 census. Out of which 15.69 lakhs are male and 15.68 lakhs are females. The<br />
SC population is 17.91 % and ST population is 2.93 %. The population growth rate is 1.3%. As<br />
per 1991 census, the Total Fertility Rate (T.F.R) for Ganjam District was 3.7%, which is<br />
expected to be 2.8% by 2006. As regards population growth rate, Ganjam records 1.3%<br />
compared to all Orissa figure of 1.8% and all India figure of 1.9%. So far as life expectancy is<br />
concerned, in 1991 the life expectancy of male was 57.7 years and for female 58.1 years which<br />
is expected to be 63 year for male and 64 for female by 2006. The sex ratio of Orissa is<br />
927/1000 and of Ganjam is 1000/1000 which is a positive sign.<br />
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