Children of Incarcerated Parents

ENDNOTES
1 “What Happens to Children?” Federal Resource Center for Children of Prisoners, n.d., p. 1.
Child Welfare League of America. ww.cwla.org/programs/incarcerated/cop_whathappens.htm.
2 Personal communication from Arlene F. Lee. Director, Federal Resource Center for Children
of Prisoners, Child Welfare League of America, Inc., April 16, 2003.
3 Denise Johnston,“Children of Criminal Offenders,” n.d., pp. 3-4. Center for Children of
Incarcerated Parents. www.facsnet.org/specials/youth/johnston-kids.php3.
4 Senate Report 106-404: Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related
Agencies Appropriation Bill, 2001. September 8, 2000, p. 56.
5 Christopher J. Mumola.“Incarcerated Parents and Their Children.” Bureau of Justice Statistics
Special Report. August 2000. U.S. Department of Justice:Washington, DC, p. 4. About 64 percent
of mothers in state prison and 84 percent of those in federal prison reported living with
their minor children prior to admission, compared to 44 percent and 55 percent of fathers,
respectively.
6 “What Happens to Children?,” p. 1.
7 Joseph P.Tierney and Jean Baldwin Grossman, with Nancy L. Resch. Making a Difference:An
Impact Study of Big Brothers Big Sisters. 1995. Philadelphia: Public/Private Ventures.
8 Since its inception, Amachi has also received funding from the Corporation for National
Service through a partnership with the Mid-Atlantic Network of Youth & Family Services
(MANYCorps), as well as TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families) funds through
the City of Philadelphia. In addition,The William E. Simon Foundation has provided funding
for the project.
9 Amachi in Chester is funded by The Pew Charitable Trusts. In addition to The Pinkerton
Foundation,The Bodman Foundation provides funding for Amachi in Brooklyn.
10 Cynthia L. Sipe. Mentoring:A Synthesis of P/PV’s Research: 1988-1995. 1996. Philadelphia:
Public/Private Ventures.
11 Rev.W.Wilson Goode, Sr. From Clubhouse to Lighthouse:A Dialogical Approach to Congregational
Transformation. May 2000, Doctoral Dissertation. Eastern Baptist Theological Seminary.
12 Figures are based on the “Angel Tree” list of children in Philadelphia. Prison Fellowship
Ministries, 2000.
13 Of the two churches, one felt that the mentoring project should be the work of the government,
not the church; the other feared the contamination of the church’s prophetic mission
and was opposed to federal funding flowing to the church. Even after learning that Amachi
ENDNOTES 45