BAKER HUGHES - Drilling Fluids Reference Manual

Baker Hughes Drilling Fluids
CARBO-GEL ® II
CARBO-GEL ® II is a gel-forming organophilic clay composed of a selected grade of montmorillonite
clay reacted with a high-purity organic compound. As an economical viscosifier, CARBO-GEL II is
used to increase yield point and gel strength, thus improving the carrying capacity of low-weight, oilbase
fluids. It provides excellent solids suspension and remains stable at temperatures less than 285°F
(140°C). The recommended treatment level is 4 to 8 ppb depending on the desired yield point.
Table 5-6 Typical Physical Properties – CARBO-GEL II
Appearance
White/tan powder
Hygroscopic
pH in H 2 O
No
Neutral
Bulk Density 55 lbm/ft 3 (881 kg/m 3 )
CARBO-MIX
CARBO-MIX is a high activity emulsifier for use in CARBO-DRILL oil-base fluid systems. It will
emulsify any chloride brine or water into any base oil, and provides filtration rate control and aids oilwetting
of solids. CARBO-MIX is thermally stable to temperatures in excess of 204°C (400°F).
CARBO-MIX is used as an emulsifier in the CARBO-DRILL S.E.A. oil-base fluid systems with
oil/water ratios up to 40/60. In combination with CARBO-MUL ® HT, it provides thermally stable,
high brine content emulsions. CARBO-MIX can be used in any type of oil-base fluid with any
combination of CARBO-MUL HT or CARBO-TEC. Normally, 0.5 to 1.5 gal/bbl (11.9 to 35.7 L/m 3 )
of CARBO-MIX will be required in a CARBO-DRILL system, depending upon density and total
solids content.
Table 5-7
Appearance
Flash Point
Pour Point
Typical Physical Properties – CARBO-MIX
Black viscous liquid
104°F (40°C) (PMCC)
16°F ( 9°C)
Density 7.9 lbm/gal (952 kg/m 3 )
Viscosity
800 to 1000 cp at 68°F (20°C)
Baker Hughes Drilling Fluids
Reference Manual
Revised 2006 5-31