Integrated Cross-Sectorial Plan of Tirana-Durres Area

The municipalities should promote the
use of such instruments as the Transfer of
Development Rights, Conditional Intensity,
or other legal and fiscal incentives for
territorial development. These interventions
should be consistent with the development
requirements of GLPs and they should
only be developed after the completion
of detailed local studies (DLP) for these
territories.
The development of “peri-urban”
areas should be directed away from
the urbanization pressure with primary
functions of using the territory for support
services for the rural and urban areas.
Land use in peri-urban areas should
be directed towards development with
functions in favour of the environment,
agro-tourism, recreational services and
urban agriculture. The municipalities of the
region should use differentiated taxation
and legal incentives to protect these areas.
Peri-urban areas should be defined in the
general local plans as development control
instruments supported by the “green line” of
urbanization restriction.
“Urban development expansion areas”,
regardless of the development focus,
when needed to emerge outside the
urbanization boundaries they must provide
such conditions that can guarantee the
continuity of the urbanized area. These
areas should be developed near the existing
centres, supported by services and access,
without compromising the use of high yield
agricultural land, forests, protected areas
and water systems. Their development
should be based on the mixed functions of
territorial use, avoiding the creation of gated
neighbourhoods or communities, such as
villas with limited use or second houses.
TR2- Sustainable urban
neighbourhoods and blocks
The main feature of fast growing urban
centres is urban sprawl. This mode
of development is associated with the
usurpation of large areas of free land,
causing serious problems in territorial use,
dependence on motor vehicles, low and
scattered densities, social segregation, and
so on. Similar urban development models
in residential areas have been accompanied
by speculations on territorial use and have
resulted in inefficient and fragmented
urban systems where the advantages of
urbanization and the concept of urban
centres are lost or minimized.
Future urban centres need to be built
according to a new form of urban and spatial
structure, where community life flourishes
and most of the current urban problems are
solved. UN Habitat proposes an approach
that comprises and redefines existing
theories of sustainable urban planning
to help build a new relationship between
residents of urban centres and urban space
and increase the value of urban land. This
approach is based on five principles that
support the three main features of urban
centres and blocks: compact, integrated
and interconnected.
Principles: 28
1. Suitable road space, with an efficient
transportation system. The road system
should cover 30% of the territory and a
minimum of 18 km of road length / km 2 .
2. High density with at least 15,000
inhabitants / km 2 or 150 inhabitants / ha.
3. Mixed-use of the territory with at least
40% of the ground floor area to be used
for economic functions and services in any
neighbourhood or urban block.
4. Social comprehensiveness (mixed
communities) with different availability in
the range of prices and the way of housing
ownership in each urban neighbourhood
or block, to accommodate residents with
different incomes; 20 to 50% of residential
areas should be for low cost housing; any
typology of ownership, tenancy should not
be more than 50% of the utilized total.
28
https://unhabitat.org/a-new-strategy-of-sustainable-neighbourhood-planning-five-principles/
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