The Network Society - University of Massachusetts Amherst

60 The Network Society
Table 2.17—Contacted politicians/government members in the last year, by education level (%)
Lower
Not completed Primary or secondary or Post
primary first stage second stage Upper secondary, First stage Second stage
Country education* of basic* of basic* secondary* non-tertiary* non-tertiary* of tertiary*
Portugal 3.66 10.62 8.45 17.42 – 20.83 –
Austria 9.09 – 10.61 18.04 18.18 – 30.76
Belgium 14.28 11.50 10.24 17.94 25.86 – 26.54
Switzerland 17.64 – 4.34 14.89 25.37 30.26 23.80
Czech Rep. 10.00 – 9.60 23.27 18.18 30 20
Germany – 1.70 5.71 11.14 22.28 20.44 39.24
Denmark – 20 12.74 15.84 22.44 26.76 33.33
Spain 2.782 9.66 10.37 13.40 15.90 22.62 61.11
Finland 12.5 13.92 18.51 23.97 – 37.62 66.66
France 7.49 16.66 14.21 14.34 16.66 18.07 26.28
UK – 42.42 12.96 15.22 23.11 29.40 46.93
Greece 10.52 12.82 13.42 12.99 19.40 20.68 40.0
Hungary 5.97 7.53 16 15.30 25 31.11
Ireland 23.07 20 22.36 21.42 25.49 22.22 28.57
Israel – 7.89 11.29 7.43 13.46 14.70 21.95
Italy – 7.74 7.89 17.12 16.43 21.23 42.10
Luxembourg – 9.09 25 16.66 0 0 25.00
Netherlands – 5.38 10.28 13.18 11.53 27.66 20.00
Norway – – 14.00 22.04 25.00 31.16 42.10
Poland 0.89 3.41 7.08 11.20 13.33 18 23.10
Sweden 11.11 10.76 14.18 14.74 23.58 25
Slovenia 12.5 7.31 7.89 15.38 11.11 26.66
Source: European Social Survey 2002/2003. *Note: given the different names for education levels in the European context we opted to use the
original ESS terms.