white_paper_on_data_protection_in_india_171127_final_v2

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword................................................................................................................................................. i
PART I ................................................................................................................................................... 1
Context-Setting ...................................................................................................................................... 1
1. A Digital India in a Digital World ................................................................................................ 1
2. Data Protection: Genesis and Rationale........................................................................................ 4
(i) Data Protection and the Value of Privacy ..................................................................................... 4
(ii) The Evolution of Privacy Principles ............................................................................................. 6
3. Comparative Approaches to Data Protection.............................................................................. 10
4. Data Protection in India .............................................................................................................. 14
(i) Judicial Developments on Right to Privacy ................................................................................ 14
(ii) Legislative Developments .......................................................................................................... 16
(iii) The AP Shah Committee Report ................................................................................................ 22
5. Possible Approaches ................................................................................................................... 22
PART II ............................................................................................................................................... 24
Scope And Exemptions ....................................................................................................................... 24
Chapter 1: Territorial And Personal Scope ..................................................................................... 24
1.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 24
1.2. Issues .......................................................................................................................................... 24
1.3. International Practices ................................................................................................................ 25
1.4. Enforceability of provisions of laws ........................................................................................... 27
1.5. Provisional Views ....................................................................................................................... 28
1.6. Questions .................................................................................................................................... 28
Chapter 2: Other Issues of Scope ...................................................................................................... 30
2.1 Natural/Juristic Persons .............................................................................................................. 30
2.2 Horizontality of Application (Public versus Private Sector) ...................................................... 31
2.3 Retrospective Application .......................................................................................................... 31
2.4 Provisional Views ....................................................................................................................... 32
2.5 Questions .................................................................................................................................... 32
Chapter 3: What is personal data? .................................................................................................... 34
3.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 34
3.2. Issues and International Practices ............................................................................................... 34
(i) Information or data? ................................................................................................................... 34
(ii) Information about/relating an individual .................................................................................... 35
(iii) Identified or Identifiable Individual ............................................................................................ 36
(iv) Pseudonymisation and Anonymisation ....................................................................................... 37
(v) Personal Data and New Technologies ........................................................................................ 37
(vi) A layered approach? ................................................................................................................... 38
3.3. Provisional Views ....................................................................................................................... 39
3.4. Questions .................................................................................................................................... 39
Chapter 4: Sensitive personal data .................................................................................................... 41
4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 41
4.2 Issues and International Practices ............................................................................................... 41
4.3 Provisional Views ....................................................................................................................... 43
4.4 Questions .................................................................................................................................... 43
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