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5.4 5.5 BEST 6.1 6.2 6.3 5.3.4.2 Other Bubble Generation Systems . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.4.3 Enhanced Gravity Settling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.5 Biological Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.5.1 Lagoons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.5.2 Land Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.5.3 Rotating Biological Contactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.5.4 Activated Sludge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.5.5 Anaerobic treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.6 Other Types of Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.6.1 Ultrafiltration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.6.2 Hydrocyclones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.6.3 Electrolytic Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.6.4 Evaporation . . 5.3.7 Summary of Treatment Processing Plant Effluents Byproduct Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.2 Fish Meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.3 Pet Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.4 Fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.5 Fish Silage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.6 Protein Hydrolysates . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.7 Chitin and Chitosan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.8 Food Flavours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.9 Bone Meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.10 Bait . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4.11 Ground Fish Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . Solid Waste Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5.1 Ocean dispersion/disposal . . . . . . . 5.5.2 Landfilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5.3 incineration and Pyrolysis . . . . . . . . 5.5.4 Comporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in Use for Fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MANAGEMENT PRACTICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water Conservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Waste Stream Separation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 67 67 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 73 73 73 74 74 74 75 76 76 76 77 78 78 79 79 79 79 79 80 80 80 82 82 82 84
6.4 By-Product Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 6.5 Wastewater Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 7 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 7.1 Review of the Economic State of the B.C. Fish Processing Industry . 87 7.2 Processing Technology Improvements, Water Conservation and Wastewater Treatment . . 7.2.1 General . . . . . . 7.2.2 Plant Profitability 7.2.3 Type of Process 7.2.4 Labour Costs . . 7.2.5 Water Rates ., . 7.2.6 Discharge Fees . 7.2.7 Waste Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 7.2.8 In-house Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 7.2.9 Wastewater Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 7.3 Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.3.2 Assumptions and Background information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.3.3 Results and Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 7.3.3.1 Discharge to GVS&DD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...100 7.3.3.2 Discharge tothe Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 8 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...109 vi 91
Page 2 and 3: Environment Canada Industrial Progr
Page 4 and 5: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document was
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEM’EN
Page 10 and 11: Figure 2.1 Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Fi
Page 12 and 13: Table 5.8 Table 5.9 Table 5.10 Tabl
Page 14 and 15: 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Terms of Referen
Page 16 and 17: 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2.1 Genera
Page 18 and 19: 1992a). In 1990, approximately 70 %
Page 20 and 21: Development of aquiculture (husband
Page 22 and 23: REDUCTION PLANT Q \ \ PRINCE RUPERT
Page 24 and 25: 2.4 Review of Current Regulations 2
Page 26 and 27: 2.4.3 Municipal and Regional Bylaws
Page 28 and 29: Table 3.1 Water Consumption Rates -
Page 30: 3.2 Wastewater Characteristics 3.2.
Page 33 and 34: Table 3.4 Contaminant Concentration
Page 35 and 36: 3.2.2 Fish Processing Facilities in
Page 37 and 38: Table 3.7 Production-based Contamin
Page 39 and 40: which are permitted to grind and di
Page 41 and 42: 4 PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY The five ma
Page 43 and 44: ---- ,,, ,,, > “\ - Y’ I r ----
Page 45 and 46: VESSEL-HOLD WATER PACKERS AND RECIR
Page 47 and 48: && a- * I ---- ————-— --
Page 49 and 50: 4.4 Herring Processing 4.4.1 Genera
Page 51 and 52: Raw shrimp are held on ice for abou
Page 53 and 54: ~ PRODUCT — WASTEWATER ----- WATE
Page 55 and 56: -+ \ /’WATER’l \~uPPLY/ ‘T-
Page 57 and 58: 5 WATER AND WASTE MANAGEMENT 5.1 Cu
Page 59 and 60:
Information Grind and Discha Coarse
Page 61:
Table 5.1 Permit Summary ———-
Page 64 and 65:
offal with wastewater, which is the
Page 66 and 67:
equipment clean and to flush offal
Page 68 and 69:
Table 5.4 Solid Waste Generation at
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process water. However, different r
Page 72 and 73:
5.2.4 Contaminant Reduction Several
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Fine screening is generally used as
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to coagulate proteins, cooling and
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Table 5.6 Summary of FM Proceeding
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5.3.4.3 Enhanced Gravity Settling T
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To the knowledge of the authors, on
Page 84 and 85:
To the knowledge of the authors, no
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5.3.6.2 Hydrocyclones Hydrocyclones
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Solid wastes generated by seafood p
Page 90 and 91:
Table 5.10 Results of Applications
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5.4.9 Bone Meal Experiment conducte
Page 94 and 95:
The comporting operation consists o
Page 96 and 97:
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
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● / use of finer mesh screens (do
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7 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 7.1 Review of t
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wholesale and landed values as a me
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7.2 Processing Technology Treatment
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(~nuJ!WU Jo %) SONICINVl u) (9 I <
Page 108 and 109:
conservation and the implementation
Page 110 and 111:
In-house modifications can result i
Page 112 and 113:
Table 7.3 Expected Efficiency of Wa
Page 114 and 115:
Table 7.4 Assumptions used for Econ
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quo had been maintained. For each t
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All cost estimates involving DAF un
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meet toxicity limits. However, biol
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Aegis Management Servi
Page 124 and 125:
Fukuda H. and H. Nakatani. Treatmen
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Johnson R.A. and S.M. Gallanger. Us
Page 128 and 129:
NovaTec Consultants Inc.. Village o
Page 130:
( Takei M.. Treatment of Waste Wate
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