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To the knowledge of the authors, only one seafood processing facility in B.C. indirectly treats its wastewater in aerated lagoons. The Ucluelet Seafood Processors facility on Vancouver Island is connected to the municipal sewer system and the sewage is pumped to the four cell lagoon system. In 1992, an expansion of this facility was completed for surimi processing. The start-up of surimi operation resulted in a five fold increase in BOD loading from Ucluelet Seafood Processors to the lagoons. About 50 % of the BOD loading is in the soluble form. The increase in TSS load to the lagoons is also estimated to be five fold since the surimi process was introduced. This increase in loading to the lagoons resulted in a deterioration of lagoon effluent quality and odour problems and the plant is currently discharging a portion of its surimi effluent directly to the harbour. Effluent from fish and shellfish processing, and the remainder of the surimi processing effluent is still treated through the lagoons (pers. comm. with Mr. Paul Bourke of Ucluelet Seafood Processors). 5.3.5.2 Land Disposal A study carried out by Chawala (1971) showed promising results in nutrient removal efficiencies when an existing fish and vegetable processing lagoon effluent was applied to the land. A spray application of lagoon effluent on a sandy loam soil resulted in high removal rates of BOD, COD, soluble P and NH3-N. Removal efficiencies were 96 % 94 ‘Mo, 91 % and 86 %, respectively. 5.3.5.3 Rotating Biological Contactor The Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) is a very compact treatment system, suitable for sites with limited area. To the knowledge of the authors no full scale facility exists at fish processing facilities. Based on laboratory scale tests, Hudson et al. (1976) reported that BOD and COD removal efficiencies approached 95 % and 92 % respectively, for system loadings of approximately 130 L/m’ of disc area per day and less. However, the high capital cost of RBCS is an unfavorable factor (Green and Mattick, 1977). Also, it is a biological treatment process that responds poorly to the seasonal nature of fish processing. 69
Laboratory scale tests conducted by Riddle and Shikaze (1973) showed that BOD removal of 0.022 kg/m 2 of disc surface per day is easily attainable on a salmon canning plant effluent previously treated by DAF. 5.3.5.4 Activated Sludge Full scale activated sludge treatment facilities are reported to be fairly common at processing plants in, Japan (Okumura and Uetana, 1992). However, data on performance and economics of applied activated sludge facilities is not available. A state-of-the-art activated sludge biological nutrient removal pilot plant facility incorporating two forms of disinfection has been operation for one year at a herring processing plant in Denmark. The performance is encouraging but the economics are not (NovaTec, 1993a). Results of the pilot and bench scale tests of activated sludge treatment of fish processing wastewater are reported in literature (Sasaki et al., 1980 (a), (b) and 1981, and Lin et al., 1 979). To the knowledge of the authors, no full or pilot scale activated sludge treatment plant at a fish processing facilities exist in North America. 5.3.5.5 Anaerobic treatment Anaerobic treatment is uneconomical mainly due to the moderate to low organic strengths of the seafood processing wastewater and seasonal nature of most fish processing plant operation. These relatively low concentrations do not permit high biomass generation and retention capacity under normal hydraulic loadings and thereby limit the effectiveness of conventional anaerobic treatment applications (Hudson et al., 1978). Bench scale research of shellfish processing wastewater treatment by anaerobic packed column by Hudson et al. (1978) showed that organic removal efficiencies near 80 % for COD and 88 % for soluble BOD can be achieved. Effluent solids concentrations observed were low, never exceeding 20 mg/L. Methane gas production was consistently greater than 80 % 70 fish the
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Environment Canada Industrial Progr
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document was
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEM’EN
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5.4 5.5 BEST 6.1 6.2 6.3 5.3.4.2 Ot
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Figure 2.1 Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Fi
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Table 5.8 Table 5.9 Table 5.10 Tabl
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1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Terms of Referen
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2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2.1 Genera
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1992a). In 1990, approximately 70 %
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Development of aquiculture (husband
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REDUCTION PLANT Q \ \ PRINCE RUPERT
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2.4 Review of Current Regulations 2
Page 26 and 27:
2.4.3 Municipal and Regional Bylaws
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Table 3.1 Water Consumption Rates -
Page 30:
3.2 Wastewater Characteristics 3.2.
Page 33 and 34: Table 3.4 Contaminant Concentration
Page 35 and 36: 3.2.2 Fish Processing Facilities in
Page 37 and 38: Table 3.7 Production-based Contamin
Page 39 and 40: which are permitted to grind and di
Page 41 and 42: 4 PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY The five ma
Page 43 and 44: ---- ,,, ,,, > “\ - Y’ I r ----
Page 45 and 46: VESSEL-HOLD WATER PACKERS AND RECIR
Page 47 and 48: && a- * I ---- ————-— --
Page 49 and 50: 4.4 Herring Processing 4.4.1 Genera
Page 51 and 52: Raw shrimp are held on ice for abou
Page 53 and 54: ~ PRODUCT — WASTEWATER ----- WATE
Page 55 and 56: -+ \ /’WATER’l \~uPPLY/ ‘T-
Page 57 and 58: 5 WATER AND WASTE MANAGEMENT 5.1 Cu
Page 59 and 60: Information Grind and Discha Coarse
Page 61: Table 5.1 Permit Summary ———-
Page 64 and 65: offal with wastewater, which is the
Page 66 and 67: equipment clean and to flush offal
Page 68 and 69: Table 5.4 Solid Waste Generation at
Page 70 and 71: process water. However, different r
Page 72 and 73: 5.2.4 Contaminant Reduction Several
Page 74 and 75: Fine screening is generally used as
Page 76 and 77: to coagulate proteins, cooling and
Page 78 and 79: Table 5.6 Summary of FM Proceeding
Page 80 and 81: 5.3.4.3 Enhanced Gravity Settling T
Page 84 and 85: To the knowledge of the authors, no
Page 86 and 87: 5.3.6.2 Hydrocyclones Hydrocyclones
Page 88 and 89: Solid wastes generated by seafood p
Page 90 and 91: Table 5.10 Results of Applications
Page 92 and 93: 5.4.9 Bone Meal Experiment conducte
Page 94 and 95: The comporting operation consists o
Page 96 and 97: ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Page 98 and 99: ● / use of finer mesh screens (do
Page 100 and 101: 7 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 7.1 Review of t
Page 102 and 103: wholesale and landed values as a me
Page 104 and 105: 7.2 Processing Technology Treatment
Page 106 and 107: (~nuJ!WU Jo %) SONICINVl u) (9 I <
Page 108 and 109: conservation and the implementation
Page 110 and 111: In-house modifications can result i
Page 112 and 113: Table 7.3 Expected Efficiency of Wa
Page 114 and 115: Table 7.4 Assumptions used for Econ
Page 116 and 117: quo had been maintained. For each t
Page 118 and 119: All cost estimates involving DAF un
Page 120 and 121: meet toxicity limits. However, biol
Page 122 and 123: BIBLIOGRAPHY Aegis Management Servi
Page 124 and 125: Fukuda H. and H. Nakatani. Treatmen
Page 126 and 127: Johnson R.A. and S.M. Gallanger. Us
Page 128 and 129: NovaTec Consultants Inc.. Village o
Page 130: ( Takei M.. Treatment of Waste Wate
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