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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEM’ENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TABLE OFCONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \ 1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Terms of Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Project Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 GeneraI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seafood and Marine Products in Canada and the West Coast . . . . . Fish Processing Plants in British Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Review of Current Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.1 .Federal Acts and Regulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.2 Provincial Acts and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.3 Municipal and Regional Bylaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ‘. . . . . . 3 WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTEWATER CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . 3.1 Water Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Wastewater Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.2 Fish Processing Facilities in British Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.3 BOD Loading Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 Vessel Unloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,0 Ill page # i . . . Ill vii . . . viii x 1 1 2 3 3 3 8 11 11 11 13 14 14 17 17 22 25 28 28
4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 . Groundfish Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salmon Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.1 Butchering for Freezing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.2 Butchering for Canning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.3 Salmon Canning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.4 Salmon Roe Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.5 Salmon Milt Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.6 Glazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.7 Farm Salmon Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Herring Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4.2 Freezing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4.3 Thawing and Roe Popping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shellfish Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.1 Shrimp Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.2 Crab Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.3 Oyster Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5.4 Clam Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Surimi Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . . WATER AND WASTE MANAGEMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 Current Practices in British Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.2 Water Consumption and Wastewater Management . . . . . . 5.1.3 Solid Waste Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1.4 Waste Disposal and By-product Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 Wastewater Minimization . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.2 Water Conservation . . . . . . . . 5.2.3 Water Recycling . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.4 Contaminant Reduction . . . . . 5.3 Wastewater Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.2 Physical Treatment . . . . . . . . 5.3.3 Flotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3.4 Chemical Treatment . . . . . . . 5.3.4.1 Chemically-Assisted iv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 29 31 33 33 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 37 37 37 38 41 41 41 44 44 44 47 53 55 56 56 57 58 59 59 59 59 61 62 64
Page 2 and 3: Environment Canada Industrial Progr
Page 4 and 5: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document was
Page 8 and 9: 5.4 5.5 BEST 6.1 6.2 6.3 5.3.4.2 Ot
Page 10 and 11: Figure 2.1 Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Fi
Page 12 and 13: Table 5.8 Table 5.9 Table 5.10 Tabl
Page 14 and 15: 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Terms of Referen
Page 16 and 17: 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2.1 Genera
Page 18 and 19: 1992a). In 1990, approximately 70 %
Page 20 and 21: Development of aquiculture (husband
Page 22 and 23: REDUCTION PLANT Q \ \ PRINCE RUPERT
Page 24 and 25: 2.4 Review of Current Regulations 2
Page 26 and 27: 2.4.3 Municipal and Regional Bylaws
Page 28 and 29: Table 3.1 Water Consumption Rates -
Page 30: 3.2 Wastewater Characteristics 3.2.
Page 33 and 34: Table 3.4 Contaminant Concentration
Page 35 and 36: 3.2.2 Fish Processing Facilities in
Page 37 and 38: Table 3.7 Production-based Contamin
Page 39 and 40: which are permitted to grind and di
Page 41 and 42: 4 PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY The five ma
Page 43 and 44: ---- ,,, ,,, > “\ - Y’ I r ----
Page 45 and 46: VESSEL-HOLD WATER PACKERS AND RECIR
Page 47 and 48: && a- * I ---- ————-— --
Page 49 and 50: 4.4 Herring Processing 4.4.1 Genera
Page 51 and 52: Raw shrimp are held on ice for abou
Page 53 and 54: ~ PRODUCT — WASTEWATER ----- WATE
Page 55 and 56: -+ \ /’WATER’l \~uPPLY/ ‘T-
Page 57 and 58:
5 WATER AND WASTE MANAGEMENT 5.1 Cu
Page 59 and 60:
Information Grind and Discha Coarse
Page 61:
Table 5.1 Permit Summary ———-
Page 64 and 65:
offal with wastewater, which is the
Page 66 and 67:
equipment clean and to flush offal
Page 68 and 69:
Table 5.4 Solid Waste Generation at
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process water. However, different r
Page 72 and 73:
5.2.4 Contaminant Reduction Several
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Fine screening is generally used as
Page 76 and 77:
to coagulate proteins, cooling and
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Table 5.6 Summary of FM Proceeding
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5.3.4.3 Enhanced Gravity Settling T
Page 82 and 83:
To the knowledge of the authors, on
Page 84 and 85:
To the knowledge of the authors, no
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5.3.6.2 Hydrocyclones Hydrocyclones
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Solid wastes generated by seafood p
Page 90 and 91:
Table 5.10 Results of Applications
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5.4.9 Bone Meal Experiment conducte
Page 94 and 95:
The comporting operation consists o
Page 96 and 97:
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
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● / use of finer mesh screens (do
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7 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 7.1 Review of t
Page 102 and 103:
wholesale and landed values as a me
Page 104 and 105:
7.2 Processing Technology Treatment
Page 106 and 107:
(~nuJ!WU Jo %) SONICINVl u) (9 I <
Page 108 and 109:
conservation and the implementation
Page 110 and 111:
In-house modifications can result i
Page 112 and 113:
Table 7.3 Expected Efficiency of Wa
Page 114 and 115:
Table 7.4 Assumptions used for Econ
Page 116 and 117:
quo had been maintained. For each t
Page 118 and 119:
All cost estimates involving DAF un
Page 120 and 121:
meet toxicity limits. However, biol
Page 122 and 123:
BIBLIOGRAPHY Aegis Management Servi
Page 124 and 125:
Fukuda H. and H. Nakatani. Treatmen
Page 126 and 127:
Johnson R.A. and S.M. Gallanger. Us
Page 128 and 129:
NovaTec Consultants Inc.. Village o
Page 130:
( Takei M.. Treatment of Waste Wate
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