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4.3.4 Salmon Roe Processing The roe collected during the fish dressing (butchering for freezing or canning) is further processed by washing and curing in a concentrated brine solution for 20 minutes. Washing and curing takes place in agitated, circular tubs. The brine is replaced after each five batches of roe processed. 4.3.5 Salmon Milt Processing Milt processing only involves washing the milt in water and freezing prior to shipping. 4.3.6 Glazing Frozen salmon generally receive a smooth coating of clear ice glaze prior to final packing and shipping. This glazing is accomplished by either spraying already frozen fish with a fine water spray, or by dipping the frozen fish into chilled water. After glazing the frozen fish are packed in plastic bags and placed in boxes for shipment. 4.3.7 Farm Salmon Processing Farm salmon processing differs from wild salmon processing because farm salmon can be transported live to processing facilities. This allows bleeding-out of the fish prior to . processing which improves shelf life, appearance and quality. Farm salmon are mainly processed for the fresh fish market. After live-hauling to a processing facility, the fish are removed from the water with a wet pump, cut behind the gill arch on one side of the head and placed in water-filled totes for bleeding. Further processing consists of eviscerating, cleaning and washing which may be done manually or with vacuum suction as described in Section 4.3.1. Fins and tails are not removed and even the heads are generally not cut off. 35
4.4 Herring Processing 4.4.1 General The main product of herring processing in the B.C. Lower Mainland is cured herring roe. However some processing of herring caught in the fall does occur. Due to the relatively short fishing season and the necessity for freezing herring to preserve fish shape and quality of the roe, herring processing is divided into two distinct phases: ● Vessel unloading and freezing, and, . Thawing, roe “popping”, and roe processing. These phases take place at different times. The fish processing operations that occur during the individual phases are described in detail in the following sections. 4.4.2 Freezing Herring are delivered to the fish of fishing boats and fish packer processors suspended in chilled seawater in the holds vessels. Vessel unloading is done with wet pumps, as described in Section 4.1. Intermediate storage of the herring may be required, as the capacity of the vessel unloading pumps may exceed the throughput of subsequent handling steps. Freezing generally takes place in brine freezing channels which contain a saturated sodium chloride solution at -180 C followed by tunnel” freezing to rapidly freeze the individual fish. Herring sex sorters are available to separate male from female herring. The use of such sorters results in reduced water consumption and wastewater contaminant loadings, and reduces Iabour requirements for subsequent handling steps, as all male fish would be sent to a reduction plant rather than belly slitting - see Section 4.4.3). immediately after vessel unloading. undergo additional handling (washing, freezing, and Ideally, sex sorting of herring should take place 36
Page 2 and 3: Environment Canada Industrial Progr
Page 4 and 5: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document was
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEM’EN
Page 8 and 9: 5.4 5.5 BEST 6.1 6.2 6.3 5.3.4.2 Ot
Page 10 and 11: Figure 2.1 Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Fi
Page 12 and 13: Table 5.8 Table 5.9 Table 5.10 Tabl
Page 14 and 15: 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Terms of Referen
Page 16 and 17: 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2.1 Genera
Page 18 and 19: 1992a). In 1990, approximately 70 %
Page 20 and 21: Development of aquiculture (husband
Page 22 and 23: REDUCTION PLANT Q \ \ PRINCE RUPERT
Page 24 and 25: 2.4 Review of Current Regulations 2
Page 26 and 27: 2.4.3 Municipal and Regional Bylaws
Page 28 and 29: Table 3.1 Water Consumption Rates -
Page 30: 3.2 Wastewater Characteristics 3.2.
Page 33 and 34: Table 3.4 Contaminant Concentration
Page 35 and 36: 3.2.2 Fish Processing Facilities in
Page 37 and 38: Table 3.7 Production-based Contamin
Page 39 and 40: which are permitted to grind and di
Page 41 and 42: 4 PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY The five ma
Page 43 and 44: ---- ,,, ,,, > “\ - Y’ I r ----
Page 45 and 46: VESSEL-HOLD WATER PACKERS AND RECIR
Page 47: && a- * I ---- ————-— --
Page 51 and 52: Raw shrimp are held on ice for abou
Page 53 and 54: ~ PRODUCT — WASTEWATER ----- WATE
Page 55 and 56: -+ \ /’WATER’l \~uPPLY/ ‘T-
Page 57 and 58: 5 WATER AND WASTE MANAGEMENT 5.1 Cu
Page 59 and 60: Information Grind and Discha Coarse
Page 61: Table 5.1 Permit Summary ———-
Page 64 and 65: offal with wastewater, which is the
Page 66 and 67: equipment clean and to flush offal
Page 68 and 69: Table 5.4 Solid Waste Generation at
Page 70 and 71: process water. However, different r
Page 72 and 73: 5.2.4 Contaminant Reduction Several
Page 74 and 75: Fine screening is generally used as
Page 76 and 77: to coagulate proteins, cooling and
Page 78 and 79: Table 5.6 Summary of FM Proceeding
Page 80 and 81: 5.3.4.3 Enhanced Gravity Settling T
Page 82 and 83: To the knowledge of the authors, on
Page 84 and 85: To the knowledge of the authors, no
Page 86 and 87: 5.3.6.2 Hydrocyclones Hydrocyclones
Page 88 and 89: Solid wastes generated by seafood p
Page 90 and 91: Table 5.10 Results of Applications
Page 92 and 93: 5.4.9 Bone Meal Experiment conducte
Page 94 and 95: The comporting operation consists o
Page 96 and 97: ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Page 98 and 99:
● / use of finer mesh screens (do
Page 100 and 101:
7 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 7.1 Review of t
Page 102 and 103:
wholesale and landed values as a me
Page 104 and 105:
7.2 Processing Technology Treatment
Page 106 and 107:
(~nuJ!WU Jo %) SONICINVl u) (9 I <
Page 108 and 109:
conservation and the implementation
Page 110 and 111:
In-house modifications can result i
Page 112 and 113:
Table 7.3 Expected Efficiency of Wa
Page 114 and 115:
Table 7.4 Assumptions used for Econ
Page 116 and 117:
quo had been maintained. For each t
Page 118 and 119:
All cost estimates involving DAF un
Page 120 and 121:
meet toxicity limits. However, biol
Page 122 and 123:
BIBLIOGRAPHY Aegis Management Servi
Page 124 and 125:
Fukuda H. and H. Nakatani. Treatmen
Page 126 and 127:
Johnson R.A. and S.M. Gallanger. Us
Page 128 and 129:
NovaTec Consultants Inc.. Village o
Page 130:
( Takei M.. Treatment of Waste Wate
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