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meet toxicity limits. However, biological treatment is generally not recommended treatment option for the following reasons: ● seasonal nature of fish processing; . generally low temperature of wastewater which is detrimental to biological treatment, especially biological vitrification of ammonia; . high cost of biological treatment, especially with seasonal production. Biological treatment may be considered in individual cases, due to site-specific constraints. Water and wastewater minimization procedures should be implemented prior to upgrading existing wastewater treatment facilities. This is expected to be the most economical way to reduce the contaminant loadings discharged to the environment from fish processing facilities. It also results in a payback due to decreased water consumption costs. However, as these modifications reduce the water consumption and contaminant loadings to the same extent, effluent contaminant concentrations may not be reduced substantially although the mass loading would be. Best management practices for fish processing plant effluents include dry processing and transport, and prevention of mixing of solid waste material with water. Implementation of in-house modifications to ‘achieve these practices is expected to decrease the water consumption and contaminant load by as much as 50 % In addition, it will allow the installation of smaller and, therefore, less expensive treatment equipment. This is of particular importance because of the seasonal nature of the fish processing industry which increases the time required to amortize equipment. A detailed water and wastewater audit should be carried out prior to implementing major process modifications in order to identify the areas where the greatest improvements can be achieved. It is important for regulatory agencies to realize that a substantial amount of time may be required to audit a plant, develop and implement recommendations, and evaluate the impact of the changes made, due to the generally relatively short processing seasons. At the present time, fine screening is generally considered to be the best economically achievable technology for treating fish processing effluents. More advanced forms of 107 as a
treatment, such as dissolved air flotation and enhanced gravity settling, should only be considered based on specific receiving environment considerations, type and frequency of operation, and after acceptable options for disposing of the solid waste generated by the treatment processes have been developed. Also, additional treatment (including finer screens) should generally be considered only after in-house modifications are completed. Based on an unaudited survey of four of the largest fish processors in British Columbia, it appears that the industry has experienced a dramatic downturn in the last several years. The four companies combined averaged an estimated net after tax loss of $10 million per annum for the years 1990 to 1993. 108
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Environment Canada Industrial Progr
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document was
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEM’EN
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5.4 5.5 BEST 6.1 6.2 6.3 5.3.4.2 Ot
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Figure 2.1 Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Fi
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Table 5.8 Table 5.9 Table 5.10 Tabl
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1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Terms of Referen
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2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2.1 Genera
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1992a). In 1990, approximately 70 %
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Development of aquiculture (husband
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REDUCTION PLANT Q \ \ PRINCE RUPERT
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2.4 Review of Current Regulations 2
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2.4.3 Municipal and Regional Bylaws
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Table 3.1 Water Consumption Rates -
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3.2 Wastewater Characteristics 3.2.
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Table 3.4 Contaminant Concentration
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3.2.2 Fish Processing Facilities in
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Table 3.7 Production-based Contamin
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which are permitted to grind and di
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4 PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY The five ma
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---- ,,, ,,, > “\ - Y’ I r ----
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VESSEL-HOLD WATER PACKERS AND RECIR
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&& a- * I ---- ————-— --
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4.4 Herring Processing 4.4.1 Genera
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Raw shrimp are held on ice for abou
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~ PRODUCT — WASTEWATER ----- WATE
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-+ \ /’WATER’l \~uPPLY/ ‘T-
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5 WATER AND WASTE MANAGEMENT 5.1 Cu
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Information Grind and Discha Coarse
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Table 5.1 Permit Summary ———-
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offal with wastewater, which is the
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equipment clean and to flush offal
Page 68 and 69:
Table 5.4 Solid Waste Generation at
Page 70 and 71: process water. However, different r
Page 72 and 73: 5.2.4 Contaminant Reduction Several
Page 74 and 75: Fine screening is generally used as
Page 76 and 77: to coagulate proteins, cooling and
Page 78 and 79: Table 5.6 Summary of FM Proceeding
Page 80 and 81: 5.3.4.3 Enhanced Gravity Settling T
Page 82 and 83: To the knowledge of the authors, on
Page 84 and 85: To the knowledge of the authors, no
Page 86 and 87: 5.3.6.2 Hydrocyclones Hydrocyclones
Page 88 and 89: Solid wastes generated by seafood p
Page 90 and 91: Table 5.10 Results of Applications
Page 92 and 93: 5.4.9 Bone Meal Experiment conducte
Page 94 and 95: The comporting operation consists o
Page 96 and 97: ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Page 98 and 99: ● / use of finer mesh screens (do
Page 100 and 101: 7 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 7.1 Review of t
Page 102 and 103: wholesale and landed values as a me
Page 104 and 105: 7.2 Processing Technology Treatment
Page 106 and 107: (~nuJ!WU Jo %) SONICINVl u) (9 I <
Page 108 and 109: conservation and the implementation
Page 110 and 111: In-house modifications can result i
Page 112 and 113: Table 7.3 Expected Efficiency of Wa
Page 114 and 115: Table 7.4 Assumptions used for Econ
Page 116 and 117: quo had been maintained. For each t
Page 118 and 119: All cost estimates involving DAF un
Page 122 and 123: BIBLIOGRAPHY Aegis Management Servi
Page 124 and 125: Fukuda H. and H. Nakatani. Treatmen
Page 126 and 127: Johnson R.A. and S.M. Gallanger. Us
Page 128 and 129: NovaTec Consultants Inc.. Village o
Page 130: ( Takei M.. Treatment of Waste Wate
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