Advanced Trauma Life Support ATLS Student Course Manual 2018

389
INDEX
intravenous fluids, 144
logrolling in, 143–144, 143f
medications and, 144
patient transfer and, 144
spinal motion restriction,
141, 143–144
in pediatric patients, 136
penetrating, 139
pitfalls of, 134, 141
radiographic evaluation of
cervical spine, 139–141
thoracic and lumbar spine, 141
severity of neurological deficit
in, 135
spinal cord
documentation of, 135–136
in pediatric patients,
205–206
syndromes, 135–136
teamwork in, 144
thoracic spine fractures, 137–138
thoracolumbar junction
fractures, 138
Spinothalamic tract, 132t
Splints, 163, 164f, 206
Stab wounds, 14t, 85, 86f, 93, 232t
Standard precautions, 6, 6f
Starling’s law, 45
Sternum fractures, 78
Stomach, decompression of, 52
Stop the Bleed campaign, 283, 284f,
285
Stroke volume, 44, 44f
Subcutaneous emphysema, 77
Subdural hematomas, 111, 111f
Subtalar joint, joint dislocation
deformities, 155t
Sucking chest wound. See Open
pneumothorax
Superficial (first-degree) burns, 176
Superficial peroneal nerve, 161t
Superior gluteal nerve, 161t
Supraglottic devices, 31, 32f
Surge capability, 290b
Surge capacity, 290b
Surgical airway, 36
Surgical cricothyroidotomy, 36, 37f
Systemic hypothermia, 183, 265–269
Tachycardia, in shock, 46
Tactical combat casualty care
(TCCC), 279–280
Tactical evacuation care, 280
Tactical field care, 280
Tar burns, 180
Tazobactam, 158t
TBI. See Traumatic brain injuries
TCCC. See Tactical combat casualty
care
Team leader, 20
briefing of trauma team by, 303t
checklist for, 303t
communication with patient’s
family/friends by, 304–305,
305b, 305f
effective leadership by, 305–306,
306b
roles and responsibilities of,
302–305
team debriefing by, 304
team direction and responding
to information by, 304
Team members, roles and
responsibilities of, 306–308
Teamwork, 20f
in abdominal and pelvic trauma,
98
in airway management, 38–39
with geriatric patients, 223
in head trauma, 124
in initial assessment, 19–20
in musculoskeletal trauma, 165
in patient transfers, 251
with pediatric patients, 208–209
with pregnant patients, 237–238
shock and, 58
in spine injury, 144
in thermal injuries, 183
in thoracic trauma, 78
Tear gas, 297
TEE. See Transesophageal echocardiography
Tension pneumothorax, 48, 65–66,
65f
vs. cardiac tamponade, 69
decompression for, 66, 66f
differentiating from massive
hemothorax, 68t
pitfall of, 67
signs and symptoms of, 66
Tentorial hiatus, 106
Tetanus, 162
Thermal burns, 14t, 15
Thermal injuries. See Burns; Cold
injuries; Heat injuries
Thermoregulation, in pediatric
patients, 199
Thoracic spine, 130–131
fractures, 137–138
radiographic evaluation of, 141
screening for suspected injuries
to, 142b
Thoracic trauma
airway problems, 64–65
blunt cardiac injury, 75
blunt esophageal rupture, 77
breathing problems, 65–68
cardiac tamponade, 69–70
cause and development of,
69, 70f
diagnosis of, 69–70
management of, 70
circulation problems, 68–71
crush injury to chest, 77–78
flail chest, 73–75, 74f
hemothorax, 73
initial assessment of, 64
life-threatening injuries, 64,
64–77
massive hemothorax, 67–68,
68–69
cause and development of,
68, 69f
management of, 68–69
open pneumothorax, 66–67, 67f
in pediatric patients, 200
primary survey for, 64–71
rib fractures, 78
scapular fractures, 78
secondary survey for, 72–78
simple pneumothorax, 72–73,
72f
sternum fractures, 78
subcutaneous emphysema, 77
teamwork in, 78
tension pneumothorax, 65–66,
65f
tracheobronchial tree injury,
64–65
traumatic aortic disruption,
75–76
traumatic circulatory arrest
diagnosis of, 70
management of, 70, 71f
traumatic diaphragmatic injury,
76–77, 77f
Thoracoabdomen, 84
Thoracolumbar junction fractures,
138
Thoracoscopy, for abdominal and
pelvic trauma, 92
Thoracoabdominal wounds, 93
Thoracostomy, 195
Thromboelastography (TEG), 56
Thromboembolic complications, 56
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