Advanced Trauma Life Support ATLS Student Course Manual 2018

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329 APPENDIX F n Triage Scenarios Triage Scenario VI Earthquake and Tsunami SCENARIO A coastal city of 15,000 people is struck by a magnitude 7.2 earthquake, followed by a tsunami that travels 2.5 miles (4 km) inland. In the aftermath, there is an explosion and fire at a seaside nuclear power reactor. Many structures have collapsed, and some victims are trapped inside. Others may have been swept out to sea. Some of the roads leading out of the region are blocked by flooding and landslides. Local utilities, including electricity and water, have failed. The temperature currently is 13°C (55°F), and it is beginning to rain; the sun sets in 2 hours. Upon responding to the event, firefighters and paramedics find the following scene: INJURED Two technicians are brought from the nuclear power plant: • The first technician has 40% BSA second- and third-degree burns. A survey with a Geiger counter shows he has radioactive materials on him. • The second technician has no burns, but she is confused and repeatedly vomiting. She also has radioactivity on her clothing. Paramedics have triaged 47 injured residents of the surrounding area: • 12 category Red patients --8 with extensive (20% to 50% BSA) second- and third-degree burns • 8 category Yellow patients --3 with focal (< 10% BSA) second-degree burns • 23 category Green patients --10 with painful extremity deformities • 5 category Blue or Expectant patients --3 with catastrophic (> 75% BSA) second- and third-degree burns DECEASED At least six nuclear plant technicians and five residents are dead, including one infant with a fatal head injury. Many other people are missing Two fire companies and two additional ambulances have been called. The local community hospital has 26 open beds, 5 primary care providers, and 2 surgeons, 1 of whom is on vacation. The nearest surviving trauma center is 75 miles (120 km) away, and the nearest designated burn center is more than 200 miles (320 km) away. 1. Should community disaster plans be invoked? Why, or why not? 2. If a mass-casualty event is declared, who should be designated the incident commander? n BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
330 APPENDIX F n Triage Scenarios Triage Scenario VI (continued) 3. What is the first consideration of the incident commander at the scene? 4. What is the second consideration of the incident commander at the scene? 5. What considerations should be taken into account in medical operations at the scene? 6. How does the presence of radiological contamination change triage, treatment, and evacuation? 7. What is the meaning of the red, yellow, green, blue, and black triage categories? 8. Given the categories in Question 7, which patients should be evacuated to the hospital, by what transport methods, and in what order? 9. What efforts should the incident commander make to assist with response and recovery? n BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTS
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TENTH EDITION ATLS ® Advanced Trau
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Chair of Committee on Trauma: Ronal
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FOREWORD My first exposure to Advan
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viii PREFACE MyATLS Mobile Applicat
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x PREFACE Gary A. Vercruysse, MD, F
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xii PREFACE Jacqueline Bustraan, MS
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is clear that ma
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xvii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Bertil Bouillo
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xix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Oscar Guillamon
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xxi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Mahesh Misra, M
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xxiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS James Vosswin
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xxv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS James A. Geilin
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xxvii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Tone Slåke R
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xxx COURSE OVERVIEW m. Protection o
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xxxii COURSE OVERVIEW Atls and Trau
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xxxiv COURSE OVERVIEW a systematize
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xxxvi COURSE OVERVIEW 69. Switzerla
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xxxviii COURSE OVERVIEW United Stat
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xl COURSE OVERVIEW 67. Hendrickson
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xlii COURSE OVERVIEW 122. Palusci V
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BRIEF CONTENTS Foreword Preface Ack
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xlviii DETAILED CONTENTS Teamwork 5
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l DETAILED CONTENTS Introduction 21
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1 INITIAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
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4 CHAPTER 1 n Initial Assessment an
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10 CHAPTER 1 n Initial Assessment a
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2 AIRWAY AND VENTILATORY MANAGEMENT
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24 CHAPTER 2 n Airway and Ventilato
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3 SHOCK The first step in the initi
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44 CHAPTER 3 n Shock The first step
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46 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Recognition of
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48 CHAPTER 3 n Shock However, the a
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50 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Class II Hemor
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52 CHAPTER 3 n Shock hypothermia, a
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54 CHAPTER 3 n Shock replacement du
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56 CHAPTER 3 n Shock aggregation an
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58 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Presence of Pa
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60 CHAPTER 3 n Shock rate can be ac
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4 THORACIC TRAUMA Thoracic injury i
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64 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Thor
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66 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma shoc
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68 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma comp
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70 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Norm
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72 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Seco
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74 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma A B
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76 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Spec
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78 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma temp
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80 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma 18.
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ABDOMINAL AND 5 PELVIC TRAUMA When
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84 CHAPTER 5 n Abdominal and Pelvic
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100 CHAPTER 5 n Abdominal and Pelvi
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6 HEAD TRAUMA The primary goal of t
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104 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma Head in
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106 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma fibrous
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108 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma n FIGUR
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110 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma table 6
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112 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma covery.
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120 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma necessa
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122 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma Use 0.2
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124 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma not rea
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126 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma 18. Mar
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CHAPTER 7 Outline Objectives iNtrod
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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 131 B A n FI
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RIGHT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR N
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DOCUMENTATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURI
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SPECIFIC TYPES OF SPINAL INJURIES 1
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RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION 139 Penetra
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GENERAL MANAGEMENT 141 When the low
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GENERAL MANAGEMENT 143 them to the
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 145 Bibliography 1. Bi
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8 MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA Injuries t
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150 CHAPTER 8 n Musculoskeletal Tra
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9 THERMAL INJURIES The most signifi
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170 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Th
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172 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Ch
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174 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Pi
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176 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries th
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178 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries ju
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180 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Im
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182 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries lo
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184 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries 4.
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10 PEDIATRIC TRAUMA Injury remains
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188 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma I
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190 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma c
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192 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma A
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194 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma b
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196 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma b
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198 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma t
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200 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma f
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202 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma t
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204 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma G
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206 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma C
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208 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma
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210 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma 1
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212 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma 6
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CHAPTER 11 Outline Objectives iNtro
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PRIMARY SURVEY WITH RESUSCITATION 2
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PRIMARY SURVEY WITH RESUSCITATION 2
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SPECIFIC INJURIES 221 table 11-6 ph
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 223 comprise only 12%
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12 TRAUMA IN PREGNANCY AND INTIMATE
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228 CHAPTER 12 n Trauma in Pregnanc
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240 CHAPTER 13 n Transfer to Defini
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Appendix A OCULAR TRAUMA OBJECTIVES
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259 APPENDIX A n Ocular Trauma In c
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261 APPENDIX A n Ocular Trauma to t
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Appendix B HYPOTHERMIA AND HEAT INJ
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267 APPENDIX B n Hypothermia and He
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Appendix C TRAUMA CARE IN MASS-CASU
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277 APPENDIX C n Trauma Care in Mas
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Page 342 and 343: Appendix D DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AN
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Page 370 and 371: Appendix F TRIAGE SCENARIOS OBJECTI
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Page 390 and 391: Skill Station A AIRWAY Part 1: Basi
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Page 421: 368 APPENDIX G n Skills less than 1
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Page 431 and 432: 378 INDEX LTA for, 31-32, 32f Malla
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380 INDEX atlanto-occipital disloca
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382 INDEX Frostbite, 181-183, 182f
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384 INDEX Kussmaul’s sign, 69 Lac
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386 INDEX PEA. See Pulseless electr
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388 INDEX for musculoskeletal traum
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390 INDEX Tibial fractures, 163 Tou
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TRAUMA SCORES Correct triage is ess
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394 TRAUMA SCORES on Field Triage,
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396 INJURY PREVENTION Safety Admini
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398 INJURY PREVENTION providers to
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BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY Injuries occ
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402 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY Ejection
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404 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY •• A
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406 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY in a 30-
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408 TETANUS IMMUNIZATION •• Wou
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410 TETANUS IMMUNIZATION Summary Gu
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SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Page 1 of
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414 SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Page 3
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420 SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Some h
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