Advanced Trauma Life Support ATLS Student Course Manual 2018

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xix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Oscar Guillamondegui, MD, MPH, FACS Professor of Surgery, Trauma Medical Director Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, Tennessee United States Betty Jean (B. J.) Hancock, MD, FRCSC, FACS Associate Professor, Pediatric Surgery and Critical Care University of Manitoba; Children’s Hospital of Winnipeg/Health Sciences Centre Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada Paul Harrison, MD, FACS Trauma Medical Director HCA Continental Division; Associate Medical Director, Clinical Professor of Surgery Wesley Medical Center/KU School of Medicine Wichita, Kansas United States Col. (Ret.) Walter Henny, MD University Hospital and Medical School Rotterdam The Netherlands Sharon M. Henry, MD, FACS Anne Scalea Professor of Surgery University of Maryland School of Medicine; University of Maryland Medical Center RA Cowley Shock Trauma Center Baltimore, Maryland United States Fergal Hickey, FRCS, FRCSEd, DA(UK), FRCEM, FIFEM National Director, ATLS Ireland; Consultant in Emergency Medicine Sligo University Hospital Sligo Ireland Marzellus Hofmann, MD, MME Dean of Medical Education and Student Affairs Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health Witten, NRW Germany Annette Holian Clinical Director-Surgery and Perioperative Services Royal Australian Air Force Roxolana Horbowyj, MD, MSChE, FACS Assistant Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences/ Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Bethesda, Maryland United States David B. Hoyt, MD, FACS Executive Director American College of Surgeons Chicago, Illinois United States Eliesa Ing, MD Staff Ophthalmologist, Portland VA HSC Assistant Professor, Casey Eye Institute/OHSU Portland, Oregon United States Lewis Jacobson, MD, FACS Chair, Department of Surgery; Director, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care St. Vincent Indianapolis Hospital Indianapolis, Indiana United States Randeep Jawa, MD, FACS Clinical Professor of Surgery Stony Brook University School of Medicine Stony Brook, New York United States Maria Fernanda Jimenez, MD, FACS General Surgeon Hospital Universitario MEDERI Bogotá, Distrito Capital Colombia Aaron Joffe, DO, FCCM Associate Professor of Anesthesiology University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center Seattle, Washington United States Kimberly Joseph, MD, FACS, FCCM Division Chair, Trauma Critical Care and Prevention Department, Department of Trauma and Burns John H. Stoger Hospital of Cook County Chicago, Illinois United States
xx ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Haytham Kaafarani, MD, MPH, FACS Patient Safety and Quality Director; Director of Clinical Research, Trauma, Emergency Surgery and Surgical Critical Care Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts United States Martin Keller, MD, FACS, FAAP Associate Professor of Surgery St. Louis Children’s Hospital; Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri United States John Kortbeek, MD, FRCSC, FACS Professor, Department of Surgery, Critical Care and Anaesthesia Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary Calgary, Alberta Canada Deborah A. Kuhls, MD, FACS Professor of Surgery University of Nevada School of Medicine Las Vegas, Nevada United States Sunir Kumar, MD Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio United States Eric Kuncir, MD, MS, FACS Chief, Division of Emergency General Surgery; Clinical Professor of Surgery University of California, Irvine Orange, California United States Claus Falck Larsen, DMSc,MPA consultant, Clinic at TraumaCentre Rigshospitalet University of Southern Denmark Copenhagen Denmark Gilberto K. K. Leung, MBBS, FRCS, PhD Clinical Associate Professor The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary University Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong Sarvesh Logsetty, MD, FACS, FRCS(C) Associate Professor, Director, Manitoba Firefighters Burn Unit University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada Siew Kheong Lum, MBBS, FRCSEd, FACS, FRACS (Hon), FAMM, FAMS Professor of Surgery and ATLS Program Director Sungai Buloh Hospital Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Patrizio Mao, MD, FACS Azienda Ospedaliero–Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga Orbassano, Torino Italy Sherri Marley, BSN, RN, CEN, TCRN Clinical Educator for Trauma Services Eskenazi Hospital Indianapolis, Indiana United States Katherine Martin, MBBS, FRACS Trauma Surgeon Alfred Hospital Melbourne, Victoria Australia Sean P. McCully, MD, MS Surgical Critical Care Fellow Department of Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland, Oregon United States Chad McIntyre, BS, NRP, FP-C Manager, Trauma and Flight Services UF Health Jacksonville Jacksonville, Florida United States Daniel B. Michael, MD, PhD, FACS, FAANS Director of Neurosurgical Education William Beaumont Hospital Royal Oak Professor of Neurosurgery Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine Royal Oak, Michigan United States Director, Michigan Head and Spine Institute Southfield, Michigan United States
Page 1 and 2: TENTH EDITION ATLS ® Advanced Trau
Page 3 and 4: Chair of Committee on Trauma: Ronal
Page 6: FOREWORD My first exposure to Advan
Page 9 and 10: viii PREFACE MyATLS Mobile Applicat
Page 11 and 12: x PREFACE Gary A. Vercruysse, MD, F
Page 13 and 14: xii PREFACE Jacqueline Bustraan, MS
Page 16 and 17: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is clear that ma
Page 18 and 19: xvii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Bertil Bouillo
Page 22 and 23: xxi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Mahesh Misra, M
Page 24 and 25: xxiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS James Vosswin
Page 26 and 27: xxv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS James A. Geilin
Page 28: xxvii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Tone Slåke R
Page 31 and 32: xxx COURSE OVERVIEW m. Protection o
Page 33 and 34: xxxii COURSE OVERVIEW Atls and Trau
Page 35 and 36: xxxiv COURSE OVERVIEW a systematize
Page 37 and 38: xxxvi COURSE OVERVIEW 69. Switzerla
Page 39 and 40: xxxviii COURSE OVERVIEW United Stat
Page 41 and 42: xl COURSE OVERVIEW 67. Hendrickson
Page 43 and 44: xlii COURSE OVERVIEW 122. Palusci V
Page 46: BRIEF CONTENTS Foreword Preface Ack
Page 49 and 50: xlviii DETAILED CONTENTS Teamwork 5
Page 51: l DETAILED CONTENTS Introduction 21
Page 55 and 56: 1 INITIAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
Page 57 and 58: 4 CHAPTER 1 n Initial Assessment an
Page 63 and 64: 10 CHAPTER 1 n Initial Assessment a
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18 CHAPTER 1 n Initial Assessment a
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20 CHAPTER 1 n Initial Assessment a
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2 AIRWAY AND VENTILATORY MANAGEMENT
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24 CHAPTER 2 n Airway and Ventilato
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3 SHOCK The first step in the initi
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44 CHAPTER 3 n Shock The first step
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46 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Recognition of
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48 CHAPTER 3 n Shock However, the a
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50 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Class II Hemor
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52 CHAPTER 3 n Shock hypothermia, a
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54 CHAPTER 3 n Shock replacement du
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56 CHAPTER 3 n Shock aggregation an
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58 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Presence of Pa
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60 CHAPTER 3 n Shock rate can be ac
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4 THORACIC TRAUMA Thoracic injury i
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64 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Thor
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66 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma shoc
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68 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma comp
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70 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Norm
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72 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Seco
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74 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma A B
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76 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Spec
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78 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma temp
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80 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma 18.
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ABDOMINAL AND 5 PELVIC TRAUMA When
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84 CHAPTER 5 n Abdominal and Pelvic
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100 CHAPTER 5 n Abdominal and Pelvi
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6 HEAD TRAUMA The primary goal of t
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104 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma Head in
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106 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma fibrous
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108 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma n FIGUR
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110 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma table 6
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112 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma covery.
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120 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma necessa
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122 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma Use 0.2
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124 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma not rea
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126 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma 18. Mar
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CHAPTER 7 Outline Objectives iNtrod
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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 131 B A n FI
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RIGHT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR N
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DOCUMENTATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURI
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SPECIFIC TYPES OF SPINAL INJURIES 1
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RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION 139 Penetra
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GENERAL MANAGEMENT 141 When the low
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GENERAL MANAGEMENT 143 them to the
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 145 Bibliography 1. Bi
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8 MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA Injuries t
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150 CHAPTER 8 n Musculoskeletal Tra
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9 THERMAL INJURIES The most signifi
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170 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Th
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172 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Ch
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174 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Pi
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176 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries th
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178 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries ju
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180 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Im
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182 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries lo
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184 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries 4.
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10 PEDIATRIC TRAUMA Injury remains
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188 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma I
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190 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma c
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192 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma A
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194 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma b
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196 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma b
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198 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma t
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200 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma f
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202 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma t
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204 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma G
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206 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma C
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208 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma
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210 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma 1
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212 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma 6
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CHAPTER 11 Outline Objectives iNtro
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PRIMARY SURVEY WITH RESUSCITATION 2
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PRIMARY SURVEY WITH RESUSCITATION 2
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SPECIFIC INJURIES 221 table 11-6 ph
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 223 comprise only 12%
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12 TRAUMA IN PREGNANCY AND INTIMATE
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228 CHAPTER 12 n Trauma in Pregnanc
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240 CHAPTER 13 n Transfer to Defini
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Appendix A OCULAR TRAUMA OBJECTIVES
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259 APPENDIX A n Ocular Trauma In c
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261 APPENDIX A n Ocular Trauma to t
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Appendix B HYPOTHERMIA AND HEAT INJ
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267 APPENDIX B n Hypothermia and He
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Appendix C TRAUMA CARE IN MASS-CASU
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277 APPENDIX C n Trauma Care in Mas
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Appendix D DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AN
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291 APPENDIX D n Disaster Preparedn
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Pitfall Inadequate security Failed
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Appendix E ATLS AND TRAUMA TEAM RES
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305 APPENDIX E n ATLS and Trauma Te
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Appendix F TRIAGE SCENARIOS OBJECTI
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319 APPENDIX F n Triage Scenarios T
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333 APPENDIX F n Triage Scenarios 4
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Skill Station A AIRWAY Part 1: Basi
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339 APPENDIX G n Skills One-Person
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341 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 5. Con
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343 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 13. Co
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346 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 1. D
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Skill Station C CIRCULATION LEARNIN
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351 APPENDIX G n Skills manual trac
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353 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 3. Aft
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355 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 2. If
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358 APPENDIX G n Skills A. Note fac
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360 APPENDIX G n Skills •• Flex
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362 APPENDIX G n Skills Utilization
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366 APPENDIX G n Skills n FIGURE G-
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368 APPENDIX G n Skills less than 1
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372 APPENDIX G n Skills G. Inspect
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374 APPENDIX G n Skills in the inju
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378 INDEX LTA for, 31-32, 32f Malla
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380 INDEX atlanto-occipital disloca
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382 INDEX Frostbite, 181-183, 182f
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384 INDEX Kussmaul’s sign, 69 Lac
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386 INDEX PEA. See Pulseless electr
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388 INDEX for musculoskeletal traum
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390 INDEX Tibial fractures, 163 Tou
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TRAUMA SCORES Correct triage is ess
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394 TRAUMA SCORES on Field Triage,
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396 INJURY PREVENTION Safety Admini
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398 INJURY PREVENTION providers to
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BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY Injuries occ
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402 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY Ejection
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404 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY •• A
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406 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY in a 30-
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408 TETANUS IMMUNIZATION •• Wou
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410 TETANUS IMMUNIZATION Summary Gu
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SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Page 1 of
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414 SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Page 3
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420 SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Some h
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