Advanced Trauma Life Support ATLS Student Course Manual 2018

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 61 48. Novak L, Shackford SR, Bourguignon P, et al. Comparison of standard and alternative prehospital resuscitation in uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock and head injury. J Trauma 1999;47(5):834–844. 49. Nunez TC, Young PP, Holcomb JB, et al. Creation, implementation, and maturation of a massive transfusion protocol for the exsanguinating trauma patient. J Trauma 2010Jun;68(6):1498–1505. 50. Peck KR, Altieri M. Intraosseous infusions: an old technique with modern applications. Pediatr Nurs 1988;14(4):296. 51. Revell M, Greaves I, Porter K. Endpoints for fluid resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma 2003;54(5):S63–S67. 52. Riskin DJ, Tsai TC, Riskin L, et al. Massive transfusion protocols: the role of aggressive resuscitation versus product ratio in mortality reduction. J Am Coll Surg 2009;209(2):198–205. 53. Roback JD, Caldwell S, Carson J, et al. Evidencebased practice guidelines for plasma transfusion. Transfusion 2010 Jun;50(6):1227–1239. 54. Rohrer MJ, Natale AM. Effect of hypothermia on the coagulation cascade. Crit Care Med 1992;20(10):1402–1405. 55. Rotondo MF, Schwab CW, McGonigal MD, et al. “Damage control”: an approach for improved survival in exsanguinating penetrating abdominal injury. J Trauma 1993;35(3):375–382. 56. Sarnoff SJ. Myocardial contractility as described by ventricular function curves: observations on Starling’s law of the heart. Physiol Rev 1955;35(1):107–122. 57. Scalea TM, Hartnett RW, Duncan AO, et al. Central venous oxygen saturation: a useful clinical tool in trauma patients. J Trauma 1990;30(12): 1539–1543. 58. Shrestha B, Holcomb JB, Camp EA, et al. Damagecontrol resuscitation increases successful nonoperative management rates and survival after severe blunt liver injury. J Trauma 2015;78(2):336–341. 59. Snyder D, Tsou A, Schoelles K. Efficacy of prehospital application of tourniquets and hemostatic dressings to control traumatic external hemorrhage. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 2014, 145. 60. Thourani VH, Feliciano DV, Cooper WA, et al. Penetrating cardiac trauma at an urban trauma center: a 22-year perspective. Am Surg 1999;65(9):811–816. 61. Tyburski JG, Astra L, Wilson RF, et al. Factors affecting prognosis with penetrating wounds of the heart. J Trauma 2000;48(4):587–590; discussion 590–591. 62. Williams JF, Seneff MG, Friedman BC, et al. Use of femoral venous catheters in critically ill adults: prospective study. Crit Care Med 1991;19:550–553. 63. York J, Arrilaga A, Graham R, et al. Fluid resuscitation of patients with multiple injuries and severe closed head injury: experience with an aggressive fluid resuscitation strategy. J Trauma 2000;48(3):376–379. 64. Mutschler A, Nienaber U, Brockamp T, et al. A critical reappraisal of the ATLS classification of hypovolaemic shock: does it really reflect clinical reality? Resuscitation 2013,84:309–313. n BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTS
4 THORACIC TRAUMA Thoracic injury is common in polytrauma patients and can be life-threatening, especially if not promptly identified and treated during the primary survey.
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TENTH EDITION ATLS ® Advanced Trau
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Chair of Committee on Trauma: Ronal
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FOREWORD My first exposure to Advan
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viii PREFACE MyATLS Mobile Applicat
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x PREFACE Gary A. Vercruysse, MD, F
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xii PREFACE Jacqueline Bustraan, MS
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is clear that ma
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xvii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Bertil Bouillo
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xix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Oscar Guillamon
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xxi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Mahesh Misra, M
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xxiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS James Vosswin
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xxv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS James A. Geilin
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xxvii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Tone Slåke R
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xxx COURSE OVERVIEW m. Protection o
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xxxii COURSE OVERVIEW Atls and Trau
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xxxiv COURSE OVERVIEW a systematize
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xxxvi COURSE OVERVIEW 69. Switzerla
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xxxviii COURSE OVERVIEW United Stat
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xl COURSE OVERVIEW 67. Hendrickson
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xlii COURSE OVERVIEW 122. Palusci V
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BRIEF CONTENTS Foreword Preface Ack
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xlviii DETAILED CONTENTS Teamwork 5
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l DETAILED CONTENTS Introduction 21
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1 INITIAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
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4 CHAPTER 1 n Initial Assessment an
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Page 63 and 64: 10 CHAPTER 1 n Initial Assessment a
Page 75 and 76: 2 AIRWAY AND VENTILATORY MANAGEMENT
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Page 95 and 96: 3 SHOCK The first step in the initi
Page 97 and 98: 44 CHAPTER 3 n Shock The first step
Page 99 and 100: 46 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Recognition of
Page 101 and 102: 48 CHAPTER 3 n Shock However, the a
Page 103 and 104: 50 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Class II Hemor
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Page 107 and 108: 54 CHAPTER 3 n Shock replacement du
Page 109 and 110: 56 CHAPTER 3 n Shock aggregation an
Page 111 and 112: 58 CHAPTER 3 n Shock Presence of Pa
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Page 117 and 118: 64 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Thor
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Page 123 and 124: 70 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Norm
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Page 129 and 130: 76 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma Spec
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Page 133 and 134: 80 CHAPTER 4 n Thoracic Trauma 18.
Page 135 and 136: ABDOMINAL AND 5 PELVIC TRAUMA When
Page 137 and 138: 84 CHAPTER 5 n Abdominal and Pelvic
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Page 155 and 156: 6 HEAD TRAUMA The primary goal of t
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Page 161 and 162: 108 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma n FIGUR
Page 163 and 164: 110 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma table 6
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112 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma covery.
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114 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma n FIGUR
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120 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma necessa
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122 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma Use 0.2
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124 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma not rea
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126 CHAPTER 6 n Head Trauma 18. Mar
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CHAPTER 7 Outline Objectives iNtrod
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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 131 B A n FI
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RIGHT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR N
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DOCUMENTATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURI
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SPECIFIC TYPES OF SPINAL INJURIES 1
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RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION 139 Penetra
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GENERAL MANAGEMENT 141 When the low
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GENERAL MANAGEMENT 143 them to the
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 145 Bibliography 1. Bi
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8 MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA Injuries t
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150 CHAPTER 8 n Musculoskeletal Tra
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9 THERMAL INJURIES The most signifi
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170 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Th
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172 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Ch
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174 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Pi
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176 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries th
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178 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries ju
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180 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries Im
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182 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries lo
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184 CHAPTER 9 n Thermal Injuries 4.
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10 PEDIATRIC TRAUMA Injury remains
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188 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma I
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190 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma c
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192 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma A
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194 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma b
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196 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma b
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198 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma t
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200 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma f
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202 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma t
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204 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma G
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206 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma C
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208 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma
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210 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma 1
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212 CHAPTER 10 n Pediatric Trauma 6
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CHAPTER 11 Outline Objectives iNtro
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PRIMARY SURVEY WITH RESUSCITATION 2
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PRIMARY SURVEY WITH RESUSCITATION 2
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SPECIFIC INJURIES 221 table 11-6 ph
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 223 comprise only 12%
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12 TRAUMA IN PREGNANCY AND INTIMATE
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228 CHAPTER 12 n Trauma in Pregnanc
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240 CHAPTER 13 n Transfer to Defini
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Appendix A OCULAR TRAUMA OBJECTIVES
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259 APPENDIX A n Ocular Trauma In c
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261 APPENDIX A n Ocular Trauma to t
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Appendix B HYPOTHERMIA AND HEAT INJ
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267 APPENDIX B n Hypothermia and He
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Appendix C TRAUMA CARE IN MASS-CASU
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277 APPENDIX C n Trauma Care in Mas
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Appendix D DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AN
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291 APPENDIX D n Disaster Preparedn
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Pitfall Inadequate security Failed
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Appendix E ATLS AND TRAUMA TEAM RES
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305 APPENDIX E n ATLS and Trauma Te
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Appendix F TRIAGE SCENARIOS OBJECTI
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319 APPENDIX F n Triage Scenarios T
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333 APPENDIX F n Triage Scenarios 4
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Skill Station A AIRWAY Part 1: Basi
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339 APPENDIX G n Skills One-Person
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341 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 5. Con
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343 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 13. Co
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346 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 1. D
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Skill Station C CIRCULATION LEARNIN
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351 APPENDIX G n Skills manual trac
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353 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 3. Aft
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355 APPENDIX G n Skills STEP 2. If
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358 APPENDIX G n Skills A. Note fac
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360 APPENDIX G n Skills •• Flex
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362 APPENDIX G n Skills Utilization
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366 APPENDIX G n Skills n FIGURE G-
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368 APPENDIX G n Skills less than 1
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372 APPENDIX G n Skills G. Inspect
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374 APPENDIX G n Skills in the inju
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378 INDEX LTA for, 31-32, 32f Malla
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380 INDEX atlanto-occipital disloca
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382 INDEX Frostbite, 181-183, 182f
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384 INDEX Kussmaul’s sign, 69 Lac
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386 INDEX PEA. See Pulseless electr
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388 INDEX for musculoskeletal traum
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390 INDEX Tibial fractures, 163 Tou
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TRAUMA SCORES Correct triage is ess
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394 TRAUMA SCORES on Field Triage,
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396 INJURY PREVENTION Safety Admini
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398 INJURY PREVENTION providers to
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BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY Injuries occ
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402 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY Ejection
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404 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY •• A
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406 BIOMECHANICS OF INJURY in a 30-
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408 TETANUS IMMUNIZATION •• Wou
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410 TETANUS IMMUNIZATION Summary Gu
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SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Page 1 of
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414 SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Page 3
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420 SAMPLE TRAUMA FLOW SHEET Some h
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