Mail-Language and Cross Border Migration

e sounded out. And so I think the combination of both is
really important.
(M. Glasschroeder, personal communication, July 20, 2010).
Finally, technology provides a benefit for teaching beginning
reading and a supplement for children learning to read. Chambers et al. (2008)
conducted an experimental research to evaluate the combined effects of
the Reading Reel embedded multimedia content and the Alphie’s Alley
computer-assisted tutoring model. One hundred and fifty-nine first graders
were selected to participate in this study. They were randomly assigned to either
technology or nontechnology conditions. The findings showed that
the embedded technology in the classroom and tutorial instruction can
improve the reading performance of at-risk first graders. Macaruso, Hook, and
McCabe (2006) examined the benefit of computer programs designed to
supplement regular instruction in an urban public school system.
Ten first grade classes were selected from five urban elementary schools
in the greater Boston area school district. The computer program provides
systematic and structured exercises for mastering phonic word-attack strategies.
Findings revealed that first graders who participated in the programs made
significant reading gains over the school year.
Implications
Findings of this literature review are beneficial for elementary schools,
teachers, and researchers. Elementary schools would be able to design an
early reading program for their curriculum, as well as teaching pedagogy.
The first grade teachers could apply the practical findings to the classroom;
for example, using the mixed method of phonics instruction and
other teaching strategies, providing good children’s literature to inspire young
children to read, and using technology as necessary to support young
children learning to read. In order to be successful teaching, teachers must
be very knowledgeable, and spend time and effort to find appropriate
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Language and Cross Border Migration