Brahamaputra Basin

Brahamaputra Basin
Table of Contents
Preface --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------i
Acknowledgements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ii
Executive summary ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ iii
1.Introduction
1.1 Overview of basin -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2 Topography --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
1.3 Climate ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
1.3.1 Rainfall ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
1.3.2 Temperature ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
1.3.3 Trends and variability ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14
1.4 Major rivers ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
1.5 Land use/land cover --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
1.6 Soils ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
1.7 Agro-climatic zones ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21
1.8 Agro-ecological zones ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21
1.9 Demography ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 26
2. Hydrological units
2.1 Sub-basins --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28
2.2 Watersheds ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28
3. Surface water resources
3.1 Surface waterbodies -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31
3.2. Water resource projects --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
3.2.1 Major and medium irrigation projects --------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
3.2.2 Hydro Electric projects ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37
3.2.3 Dams, Barrages/Weirs/Anicuts ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 38
3.2.4 Command area and canal network ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43
3.2.5 Multipurpose projects ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
3.2.6 Interstate projects---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
4. Ground water resources
4.1 Ground water observation wells ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46
4.2 Ground water level fluctuation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48
4.3 Litholog well locations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51
5. Hydro-met observations
5.1 Hydrological observation sites -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53
5.2 Flood forecasting sites ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55
5.3 Meteorological stations ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55
6. Water quality
6.1 Surface water quality observations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56
6.2 Ground water quality observations --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 57
7. Inter basin transfer links ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 58
8. Inland navigation waterways ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60
9. Water tourism sites ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 62
10. Conclusion --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65
Annexure I: State, district and parliamentary constituency in the basin --------------------------- 66
Annexure II : Climate – Rainfall (1971-2004) and Temperature (1969-2004)
profile in the basin------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 70
Annexure III : Sub basin wise population and drinking water facilities ----------------------------- 72
Annexure IV : Inventory of surface water resources --------------------------------------------------- 75
Annexure V : Inventory of litholog well locations ------------------------------------------------------ 82
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