Aviation and the Global Atmosphere

Aviation and the Global Atmosphere
Aviation and the Global Atmosphere
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Figure 3-22: Trend in overall efficiency of propulsion h (solid circles), computed from aircraft specific fuel
consumption (SFC) data (open circles; data as in Figure 7-9), according to h = V(Q SFC)-1, with V as the aircraft
speed (~240 m s -1 ) and Q as the specific heat of combustion of aviation fuels (43 MJ kg -1 ). Solid circles also
denote the critical altitude z (right axis) above which contrails form (for 100% relative humidity in the mid-latitude
standard atmosphere) for the years 1960 to 2010. SFC data were taken from a figure Subsonic Engine-Specific
Fuel Consumption at Cruise Versus Certification Date originating from a NASA report and presented by H.G.
Aylesworth at the Working Group Meeting CAEP-4, WG3 Emissions, International Civil Aviation Organization, 20-
23 May 1997, Savannah, GA, USA.
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