Aviation and the Global Atmosphere

Aviation and the Global Atmosphere
Aviation and the Global Atmosphere
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7.3.6. Operational Efficiencies by Design
Avionics improvements have improved navigation accuracy and made more fuel efficient
flight paths possible. Chapter 10 deals with this subject in some depth.
Regulatory changes such as the addition of extended twin operations (ETOPS) rules have
made it possible for today's highly efficient and reliable twin-engine aircraft to be used on
routes that were previously prohibited to them. These routes have larger airfield division
distances; hence, a shorter flight distance track can be achieved, which reduces fuel
consumption.
7.3.7. Advanced Future Technologies
This subsection considers some of the advances being made in aerodynamic-related fields
of study. Advances in these areas become candidates for gradual adoption into derivatives
of existing production aircraft and the next generation of airliners, as shown in Figure 7-4.
Some concepts, such as improved wing tip devices and smoother surface areas, can be
considered for derivatives of existing designs. Advanced weight reduction technologies,
aircraft control systems, and airframe concepts are also discussed.
7.3.7.1. Laminar Flow Concepts
Figure 7-4: Further potential aircraft drag reductions.
Other reports in this collection
Smooth laminar flow over a body creates less drag than turbulent flow. However, it is difficult to achieve and depends on a number of factors, particularly the shape
and surface of the body. Current aircraft designs generate varying degrees of turbulent flow. Passive control concepts that encourage laminar flow are being explored.
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