Aviation and the Global Atmosphere

Aviation and the Global Atmosphere
Aviation and the Global Atmosphere
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4.3.3. Model Results for Supersonic Aircraft Emissions
4.3.3.1. NOy and H2O Enhancement
Supersonic aircraft emissions of NOx and H2O were incorporated within six 2-D
models and three 3-D models. These supersonic aircraft emissions are primarily
deposited within the Northern Hemisphere LS. Figure 4-6 shows calculated
perturbations in NOy and H2O from HSCT emissions in June 2015 with EI(NOx )=5
(scenario S1c-D). Maximum perturbations occur in the Northern Hemisphere LS
and range from 0.6 to 1.0 ppbv for NOy and from 0.4 to 0.7 ppmv for H 2 O. Based
on the calculated perturbation in NOy and H 2 O, one can conclude that the transport
fields of these multi-dimensional assessment models are significantly different. For
example, the GSFC model shows a significantly larger calculated perturbation in
Northern Hemisphere lower stratospheric NOy than the other models (20-40%
higher peak NOy abundance). This model also transports more NOy and H 2 O
higher into the middle stratosphere (MS) and into the Southern Hemisphere than
the other models. By contrast, the AER model tends to isolate supersonic emission
increases in NOy and H 2 O within the Northern Hemisphere LS. The THINAIR and
LLNL models calculate a NOy perturbation from supersonic aircraft in the Northern
Hemisphere LS that approaches that of the GSFC model. However, these models
transport much less aircraft-enhanced NOy and H 2 O to the Southern Hemisphere.
CSIRO model NOy and H 2 O perturbations are similar to those of LLNL, except that
the maximum NOy abundance increase in the Northern Hemisphere LS is
significantly less. The SLIMCAT model shows greater NOy and H 2 O enhancements
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