Andrew Louth - Syriac Christian Church
Andrew Louth - Syriac Christian Church Andrew Louth - Syriac Christian Church
1057A C D B DIFFICULTY 5 175 simply beyond being; nor did he do ‘human things humanly’, because they did not take place in a solely fleshly way, as if separated from the Godhead, for he was not only a man; ‘but as God made man he exercised a certain new “theandric” 19 energy amongst us’. For by the assumption of flesh endowed with an intellectual soul, he truly became man, he who was in a different way the lover of humankind, and as man he possessed the divine energy united to the fleshly in an ineffable union, and fulfilled the economy for our sake theandrically, accomplishing both divinely things, or to speak more plainly, exercising the divine and human energy in the same [person]. Therefore when the wise man makes affirmation of the union by negation of the division between the divine and human [properties], he does not ignore the natural difference between what has been united. For the union, in refusing division, does not harm the difference. If the mode of union preserves the logos of the difference, to draw out the meaning of the words of the saint, then since Christ has a double appellation corresponding to his nature, it is clear that he has a double energy, if the essential logos of what has been united in the union has not been diminished in any way in essence or in quality. But it is not as if, by the negation of the extremities brought together in the union, there is made an affirmation of something intermediate. For Christ is not some intermediate being, affirmed by the negation of the extremities. For there is a ‘certain new’ thing, characteristic of the new mystery, the logos of which is the ineffable mode of the coming together. For who knows how God assumes flesh and yet remains God, how, remaining true God, he is true man, showing himself truly both in his natural existence, and each through the other, and yet changing neither? Faith alone can grasp these things, honouring in silence the Word, to whose nature no logos from the realm of being corresponds. ‘Theandric’, then, not simply, nor as some composite thing, consisting simply neither of the naked Godhead by nature, nor of mere humanity, nor being a composite nature, a kind of borderland between two extremes, but most naturally existing as God made man, that is as perfectly Incarnate. Nor again is this ‘new’ to be thought of as ‘single’, 20 nor as a ‘single capacity’; for this ‘newness’ is not a matter of quality or quantity, since the definition of every nature is constituted by the logos of its essential energy, which is not double, like the griffin 21 celebrated in myths. Given this, how could such a being, with one energy, and that a natural
1060A 176 TEXTS C D energy, have accomplished by this the wonders and the suffering, which differ one from another by the logos of their nature, without experiencing deprivation through the atrophy of one part or other of its permanent condition? For no being held together by the definition and logos of its nature can perform what is opposed to one and the same energy. Therefore it is not permitted to say that there is simply one natural energy of Godhead and flesh in Christ, since Godhead and flesh are not the same in natural quality. It would be to say that there was one nature, and the triad would become a foursome. For neither by nature, nor by power, nor by energy, has the Godhead become the same, they say, as the flesh. For the Son is the same as the Father and the Spirit through their single nature, but it is not in virtue of that that he has become the same as the flesh through union, and made life-giving through union with him that which by nature is mortal. For he would be shown as existing in a changeable nature, if he changed the essence of flesh into what it is not, and made the union the same by nature. But let us think about the theandric energy as it has been explained. For he lives out this energy not for himself but for our sake and renews nature so that we can transcend nature. For his way of life is a life led subject to the law of nature. For since the Lord is double in nature, it is appropriate that he is manifest having a life corresponding both to divine and human laws, welded together without confusion to become the same. This life is also new, not simply as strange and astounding to those on earth, and so distinguished from the nature of the things that exist, but also characteristic of the new energy of the life newly lived. And perhaps the one who understood used the appellation ‘theandric’, as appropriate to this mystery, so that he might make plain the mode of exchange that accords with the ineffable union, that makes whatever naturally belongs to each part of Christ interchangeable with the other, without changing and distorting each part into the other at the level of the logos of nature. For it is just like the way the cuttingedge of a sword plunged in fire becomes burning hot and the heat acquires a cutting-edge (for just as the fire is united to the iron, so also is the burning heat of the fire to the cuttingedge of the iron, and the iron becomes burning hot by its union with the fire, and the fire acquires a cutting-edge by union with the iron). Neither suffers any change by the exchange with the other in union, but each remains unchanged in its own being as it acquires the property of its partner in union.
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1060A<br />
176 TEXTS<br />
C<br />
D<br />
energy, have accomplished by this the wonders and the<br />
suffering, which differ one from another by the logos of their<br />
nature, without experiencing deprivation through the atrophy<br />
of one part or other of its permanent condition? For no being<br />
held together by the definition and logos of its nature can<br />
perform what is opposed to one and the same energy.<br />
Therefore it is not permitted to say that there is simply one<br />
natural energy of Godhead and flesh in Christ, since Godhead<br />
and flesh are not the same in natural quality. It would be to<br />
say that there was one nature, and the triad would become a<br />
foursome. For neither by nature, nor by power, nor by energy,<br />
has the Godhead become the same, they say, as the flesh. For<br />
the Son is the same as the Father and the Spirit through their<br />
single nature, but it is not in virtue of that that he has become<br />
the same as the flesh through union, and made life-giving<br />
through union with him that which by nature is mortal. For he<br />
would be shown as existing in a changeable nature, if he<br />
changed the essence of flesh into what it is not, and made the<br />
union the same by nature. But let us think about the<br />
theandric energy as it has been explained. For he lives out this<br />
energy not for himself but for our sake and renews nature so<br />
that we can transcend nature. For his way of life is a life led<br />
subject to the law of nature. For since the Lord is double in<br />
nature, it is appropriate that he is manifest having a life<br />
corresponding both to divine and human laws, welded<br />
together without confusion to become the same. This life is<br />
also new, not simply as strange and astounding to those on<br />
earth, and so distinguished from the nature of the things that<br />
exist, but also characteristic of the new energy of the life newly<br />
lived. And perhaps the one who understood used the<br />
appellation ‘theandric’, as appropriate to this mystery, so that<br />
he might make plain the mode of exchange that accords with<br />
the ineffable union, that makes whatever naturally belongs to<br />
each part of Christ interchangeable with the other, without<br />
changing and distorting each part into the other at the level<br />
of the logos of nature. For it is just like the way the cuttingedge<br />
of a sword plunged in fire becomes burning hot and the<br />
heat acquires a cutting-edge (for just as the fire is united to<br />
the iron, so also is the burning heat of the fire to the cuttingedge<br />
of the iron, and the iron becomes burning hot by its union<br />
with the fire, and the fire acquires a cutting-edge by union<br />
with the iron). Neither suffers any change by the exchange<br />
with the other in union, but each remains unchanged in its<br />
own being as it acquires the property of its partner in union.