XII - 12th International Symposium - Digestive Physiology of Pigs

Recommendations

Info

Digestive Physiology of Pigs 10–6 was prepared from the content and homogenate. E. coli was counted on MacConkey agar. Data were analyzed by 2 × 3 × 2 factorial including the effects of culture (content or homogenate), E. coli strain and site of SI with GLM procedure. t-test was used to analyze the effect of genotype in F4-inoculated culture. The binding of E. coli on the tissue was 10 × higher (P < 0.001) for F4 than F18. F18 was higher (P < 0.05) in mid-SI, whereas no difference between sites of SI was seen for F4. Fewer (P < 0.001) bacteria bound in the control and they associated more (P = 0.10) at distal- than mid-SI. No effect of genotype in F4-inoculated culture was seen. The results suggest that ex vivo model might be feasible to investigate the ETEC association to the gut epithelium of pigs. Key words: E. coli, epithelium, adherence 3036 Porcine gut microbial metagenomic library for mining novel cellulases established from grower pigs fed cellulose-supplemented high-fat diets. W. Wang, T. Archbold, M. Kimber, J. Li, J. Lam, and M. Fan,* University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Porcine gut microbiome is a novel genomic resource for screening novel cellulose-degrading enzymes. A plasmid metagenomic expression library was constructed from the hind-gut microbiota of grower Yorkshire pigs (25–40 kg) fed a high-fat basal diet supplemented with 10% Solka-Floc for 28 d. Fresh large intestinal digesta samples were collected and flash-frozen in liquid N2 and stored under −80°C. Metagenomic DNA was extracted, mechanically sheared and cleaned to remove smaller DNA fragments ( 0.05) by hydrolysates treated with corolase for either 10 or 60 min. Additionally, the hydrolysate not treated with corolase had a pro-inflammatory effect on macrophages via PGE 2 stimulation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, casein hydrolysates produced by pepsin and corolase treatment downregulated the transcription levels of TGF-β, COX-2 and NFκB. Key words: cell culture, gene expression, hydrolysates 3038 Growth performance and preference studies to evaluate solvent-extracted Brassica napus or Brassica juncea canola meal fed to weaned pigs. J. L. Landero* 1 , E. Beltranena 1,2 , and R. T. Zijlstra 1 , 1 University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2 Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Conventional dark-seeded (B. napus) canola meal (CM) and novel yellow-seeded (B. juncea) CM can potentially replace soybean meal (SBM) in pig diets. Napus and juncea CM contain 3.8 and 10.8 μmol glucosinolates/g, respectively, and 3-fold more ADF than SBM (NRC, 1998) that may affect feed preference and feed intake. Previously in Exp. 1 and 2, growth performance was evaluated using 220 weaned pigs by replacing dietary SBM with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% napus CM (Exp. 1) or 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24% juncea CM (Exp. 2) for 28 d. In Exp. 3 and 4, preference for diets containing 20% of the 3 feedstuffs was evaluated using 216
Digestive Physiology of Pigs pigs of 35-d of age housed in pens with 2 4-space feeders with diets offered in a paired choice as mash (Exp. 3) or pellets (Exp. 4) for 3 consecutive 7-d periods (3 d non test, 4 d preference). Diets were formulated to equal NE and SID AA using canola oil and synthetic AA. Feeding up to 20% napus CM to pigs did not affect growth performance. Increasing inclusion of juncea CM linearly reduced (P < 0.001) ADFI, ADG and feed efficiency. In Exp. 3 and 4, pigs preferred SBM (P < 0.001) over napus and juncea CM diets, and pigs preferred napus CM (P < 0.001) over juncea CM diet. Glucosinolates likely reduced feed preference in juncea CM more than napus CM. The reduced growth performance of pigs fed juncea CM diets was associated to its higher glucosinolate content, most likely the bitter gluconapin-type dominant in juncea CM than the proigotrintype dominant in napus CM. In conclusion, although pigs clearly preferred the SBM diet over napus or juncea CM diets, when given no choice, napus CM but not juncea CM can replace up to 20% SBM in diets for weaned pigs without affecting growth performance. Finally, the contrast of results between preference and performance studies feeding CM to pigs indicates that results of preference studies should be interpreted cautiously until validated by pig growth performance data. Key words: canola meal, preference, soybean meal 3039 Redox potential of cecum content of growing pigs and its relation with ph and VFA concentration. R. Lizardo* 1 , N. Tous 1 , M. A. Calvo 2 , C. Sampsonis 3 , R. D’Inca 3 , and J. Brufau 1 , 1 IRTA - Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Constantí, Tarragona, Spain, 2 UAB - Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, 3 LFA - Lesaffre Feed Additives, Marcq-en- Baroeul, Lille, France. Digestive microflora is partly responsible for physiological gut conditions. Bacteria density in pig cecum exceeds 10 9 logCFU/g of digesta suggesting a high fermentation activity. The cecal milieu is anaerobic which suppose a redox potential (Eh) markedly negative, reflecting the absence of oxygen and a strong reducing power. Measurements of Eh and pH of digesta can give a basis for understanding microbial activity and dynamics of fermentation. However, few studies have assessed the Eh of the gastro-intestinal tract of pigs. Twenty-four pigs of around 30 kg liveweight were slaughtered to measure Eh and pH of cecum content in situ and, samples of ileum, cecum and colon contents for VFA determinations were taken. Pigs were previously fed with a non-medicated starter feed for 5 weeks. The cecum was reached through an incision on the abdomen then a second small incision (2–2.5 cm) was made to insert Eh and pH electrodes. Measurements were recorded first at 2 min and then each 5 min for 35 min to estimate kinetics and the delay to reach stabilization of Eh value. Cecum Eh dropped rapidly from −115 to −180 mV for 15th min after insertion of electrodes (P < 0.001) and then slowly decreased until −185 mV at 35 min. Cecal pH starts at 5.74 decreasing slowly afterward until 5.53 after 35 min (P < 0.01). The Eh value after stabilization was negatively correlated with final pH (r = −0.64; P < 0.001). Acetic, propionic and butyric acids account for 58.7, 24.0 and 12.8% of XII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF PIGS 133 Session VI total VFA production of cecum content, respectively. VFA production of ileal content was lower when compared with cecum or colon (50.8, 142.1 and 130.8μmol/g; P < 0.001) and a higher proportion of formic and lactic acids was detected (32.3 and 27.0%, respectively). Proportions of acetic and propionic acids were correlated negatively (r = −0.53; P < 0.01) and positively (r = 0.66; P < 0.001) with Eh, respectively. In conclusion, cecal Eh was not easily measured, but predicted fermentative activity. So, it can be considered in future research relating feed additives and digestive physiology. Key words: piglet, redox potential, cecum 3040 Blood sampling and hemolysis affect concentrations of plasma nutrients. P. K. Theil* 1 , L. J. Pedersen 1 , M. B. Jensen 1 , C. C. Yde 2 , and K. E. Bach Knudsen 1 , 1 Dept. of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark, 2 Dept. of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10,, DK-5792 Aarslev, Denmark. Blood sampling of peripheral blood may be collected by vein puncture or from a catheter. The latter is preferred because stress of the animal and hemolysis of collected plasma is avoided, but most studies use vein puncture. This study aimed to reveal metabolites sensitive to stress and/or hemolysis and quantify the effect on metabolite concentrations. Blood was collected from early and mid pregnant sows fed one of 2 different diets. A total of 24 sows were blood sampled using vein puncture during nose snaring and another 30 sows were blood sampled via jugular vein catheters. Sows were fed twice daily (08 and 15 h) and blood sampled repeatedly 1, 4, 11 and 23 h after morning feeding. Plasma levels of isobutyrate (P < 0.001), NEFA (P < 0.01), and acetate (P < 0.05) were lowered, and plasma levels of caproate (P < 0.001), glucose (P < 0.01), lactate, and isovalerate (P < 0.05) were elevated in samples obtained via vein puncture. Plasma insulin, propionate and butyrate were not sensitive to the blood sampling procedure. These findings suggest that concentrations of many plasma metabolites are sensitive to the blood sampling procedure, likely due to stress imposed on the animal. Hemolysis is a common problem when blood is collected by vein puncture and the effect of hemolysis on plasma metabolite concentrations was studied in 48 sows fed 4 different diets (other conditions identical to that described above). Plasma was categorized according to no, minor or major hemolysis (clear (n = 218), yellow (n = 97) or red (n = 37)) upon centrifugation. Plasma NEFA (P < 0.001) and plasma insulin (P < 0.10) was lower in hemolyzed samples while plasma propionate, caproate, isovalerate (P < 0.001), isobutyrate (P < 0.05) and butyrate (P < 0.10) was higher in hemolyzed samples compared with clear plasma samples. Plasma glucose and lactate were the only metabolites studied which were not affected by hemolysis. No dietary interactions were found (P > 0.05). In conclusion, blood sampling procedure and hemolysis affect the measured metabolite concentrations and should be considered or accounted for when comparing results within and between experiments. Key words: analysis interference, blood metabolites, pigs
Page 1 and 2:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs XII IN
Page 3:
XII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DIGE
Page 6 and 7:
It’s about you. It’s about your
Page 8 and 9:
Discover our ranges of additives de
Page 10 and 11:
Elanco would like to extend two wel
Page 12 and 13:
Maximizes energy for flexible feed
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs Tuesda
Page 19 and 20:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs 4:10 p
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs Lachno
Page 43 and 44:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs The PC
Page 45 and 46:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs Key wo
Page 47 and 48:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs subtil
Page 49 and 50:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs change
Page 51 and 52:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs R. Min
Page 53:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs d 7, 1
Page 56 and 57:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs 1036 I
Page 58 and 59:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs Jones
Page 60 and 61:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs feed e
Page 62 and 63:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs flow r
Page 64 and 65:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs Hannov
Page 66 and 67:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs phytas
Page 68 and 69:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs Animal
Page 70 and 71:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs 1075 e
Page 72 and 73:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs mixtur
Page 74 and 75:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs Thes
Page 76 and 77:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs g NDF
Page 78 and 79:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs SBM to
Page 80 and 81:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs Key wo
Page 82 and 83:
Digestive Physiology of Pigs The ex
Page 84 and 85: Digestive Physiology of Pigs At 1 h
Page 86 and 87: Digestive Physiology of Pigs J. J.
Page 88 and 89: Digestive Physiology of Pigs Freeze
Page 90 and 91: Digestive Physiology of Pigs Scienc
Page 92 and 93: Digestive Physiology of Pigs 0 to 5
Page 94 and 95: Digestive Physiology of Pigs 2000 P
Page 96 and 97: Digestive Physiology of Pigs piglet
Page 98 and 99: Digestive Physiology of Pigs 5% oxi
Page 100 and 101: Digestive Physiology of Pigs no eff
Page 102 and 103: Digestive Physiology of Pigs of neu
Page 104 and 105: Digestive Physiology of Pigs immune
Page 107 and 108: Digestive Physiology of Pigs XII IN
Page 109 and 110: Digestive Physiology of Pigs (1.4 g
Page 111 and 112: Digestive Physiology of Pigs 17.7 d
Page 113 and 114: Digestive Physiology of Pigs Medici
Page 115: Digestive Physiology of Pigs of the
Page 118 and 119: Digestive Physiology of Pigs 3000 I
Page 120 and 121: Digestive Physiology of Pigs Fecal
Page 122 and 123: Digestive Physiology of Pigs cell h
Page 124 and 125: Digestive Physiology of Pigs 3016 R
Page 126 and 127: Digestive Physiology of Pigs Matern
Page 131 and 132: Digestive Physiology of Pigs period
Page 133: Digestive Physiology of Pigs Key wo
Page 139 and 140: Digestive Physiology of Pigs abunda
Page 141 and 142: Digestive Physiology of Pigs meal w
Page 143 and 144: Digestive Physiology of Pigs double
Page 145 and 146: Digestive Physiology of Pigs h, 50%
Page 148: Digestive Physiology of Pigs XII IN
show all

XII - 12th International Symposium - Digestive Physiology of Pigs

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?