Kosovo Human Development Report 2010 - UNDP Kosovo - United ...

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er than the ad hoc system currently in place. A clear system should be mainstreamed into Kosovo’s legislative process, replicated across all sectors and for all laws. At the same time, Kosovo’s authorities and development partners should work to build the willingness and capacity of civic institutions representing excluded groups, including the media, to monitor government performance and be a productive agent for policy formulation. • Promote anti-discrimination campaigns at local and central levels: extensive social mobilization should be conducted to mobilize awareness of human rights – particularly focusing on women and RAE communities. The purpose of outreach should be to strengthen social cohesion within the context of the civic process; i.e., to overcome self-exclusion as much as ostracization. This would require providing communities with opportunities for dialogue with each other, as much as with authorities. Such a complex programme would need to be implemented locally, and supported by civic leaders at a local level. However, the design of the initiative and its funding should be centrally regulated, and developed in consultation with Kosovo-wide civil society groups. • Promote political activism among youth: special awareness building and civic education programmes should be designed and implemented to target youth – within the context of the Law on Empowerment and Participation of Youth. Opportunities for political dialogue and activism within and outside the current education system should be explored, to enable participation of both boys and girls – in- 88 | KOSOVO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2010 cluding rural girls. Where youth centres are not sufficiently active and resourced, partnerships with higher academic and private institutions should be leveraged to promote them as places where young people can meet, give and receive feedback alongside authorities and develop strategies to improve their life prospects. The government should find and experiment with various channels of communication to inform the youth and the general population about the important political process and legislation changes. Youth participant of a focus group (iii) Create local linkages between excluded groups and the political process at the municipal level • Strengthen political dialogue and outreach through NGOs: NGOs representing socially excluded groups should be strengthened, including through finding domestic and secure sources of financing (perhaps through private donations) NGOs should also be assisted to train communities on how to work together so that they can more effectively represent their common interests before the local and regional authorities. • Provide targeted outreach to excluded groups as part of the municipal planning process: NGOs can also provide a critical link with excluded communities during municipal-level developments and budgetary planning. Municipal plans should be designed to promote further consultation with excluded groups, and common
public meetings are not always the best vehicle for such consultations – particularly for RAE unemployed, or vulnerable rural women. Tailored outreach programmes should be developed for these groups to include their views and provide them with feedback on the inclusion of those views in final plans and policies. In this respect, outreach for consultation must be a core part of all municipal budgeting. (iv) Challenge institutional and socio-cultural factors limiting women’s participation • Address the gender imbalance in Kosovo’s public institutions: improving the gender balance in central institutions is essential to strengthen governance structures, making them less vulnerable in crisis situations, including times of economic downturn. Rather than creating quotas, Kosovo should implement a positive-discrimination hiring policy and institute accountability for hiring decisions. Since gender stereotyping is rife in public service employment, action must be taken to train female managers to better prepare them to apply for senior management positions. • Create social and institutional alliances by women, for women: Kosovo’s female politicians, civil servants, journalists, business owners and unions need to work more closely together to increase opportunities for women and lobby for policy change. A Kosovo forum for women should be created, linking all of these groups, supported initially by international development partners but eventually through tax revenues. Targeted training for female politicians on how to promote women’s priorities and concerns during policy formulation is also advisable. 196 POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND EXCLUSION | 89
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The views expressed in this report
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VI specific difficulties that group
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Abbreviations ALMP Active Labour Ma
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The UN’s Human Development Report
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agents without any true sense of ow
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Contents Foreword .................
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to its society. A dramatic effort t
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entated basis for examination of so
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services. The chapter examines spec
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Table 1.1 Low income and the launch
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Ineffective institutional support m
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1 2 3 4 “The basic purpose of dev
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Table Human Development Index (HDI)
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CHAPTER 2 Economic and labour marke
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managed to increase its public expe
Page 35 and 36: absence of material well-being and
Page 37 and 38: not protect from exclusion from goo
Page 39 and 40: more than half of its members who a
Page 41 and 42: FIGURe 75 percent of male youth age
Page 43 and 44: Education: the probability of exclu
Page 45 and 46: lower access to services than urban
Page 47 and 48: contract enforcement and privatizat
Page 49 and 50: produce a high risk of social exclu
Page 51 and 52: 3.1 Access to education and exclusi
Page 53 and 54: ns of exclusion as well the composi
Page 55 and 56: sive education depends on deep coop
Page 57 and 58: point these groups more precisely,
Page 59 and 60: FIGURe 3.2 2004/05 2006/07 Grade 1
Page 61 and 62: Kosova Education Centre (KEC) was i
Page 63 and 64: learning in its legislative framewo
Page 65 and 66: 4.1 CHAPTER 4 Health care services
Page 67 and 68: ported deaths. However, Kosovo face
Page 69 and 70: the same levels of difficulties as
Page 71 and 72: to healthcare. For many, it is simp
Page 73 and 74: 4.4 Promoting inclusion in healthca
Page 75 and 76: 5.1 Political participation and exc
Page 77 and 78: for all Kosovans, the level of publ
Page 79 and 80: the Department for Registration and
Page 81 and 82: were women. 188 In minority communi
Page 83 and 84: with the mayor and his job, two thi
Page 85: Table 5.6 % of respondents attendin
Page 90 and 91: • and created Human Development S
Page 92 and 93: tion against certain ethnic groups
Page 94 and 95: passes poor health and education va
Page 96 and 97: and cross-ministerial collaboration
Page 98 and 99: to the success of this scheme, by,
Page 100 and 101: The under-five infant mortality rat
Page 103 and 104: Human Development Index according t
Page 105 and 106: Introduction 1 Preparing for a futu
Page 107 and 108: 65 USAID and Swiss Cooperation Offi
Page 109: gagement.pdf. 156 See Civic Capacit
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