Kosovo Human Development Report 2010 - UNDP Kosovo - United ...

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NGO Non-Governmental Organization NIPH National Institute for Public Health OECD Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development OMC Open Method of Coordination PES Public Employment Service PPP Public Private Partnership PTK Post and Telecom of Kosovo RAE Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian RPL Recognition of Prior Learning RWCT Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking SHE-ERA Women Business Association SME Small and Medium Enterprise SOK Statistical Office of Kosovo UN United Nations USD United States Dollars WHO World Health Organization 10 | KOSOVO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2010
The UN’s Human Development Reports (HDR) were the first to identify a close inter-linkage between national development and the fairness and inclusiveness of a country’s social base. In the two decades since the first HDR appeared, published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), “social inclusion” has grown into a partner theory of human development. It is defined as a fair and mutually-empowering relationship between individuals and broader society – along with its norms, laws and institutions – allowing individuals equal capacity to fulfill their potential. Based on this definition, the UN has promoted human development and social inclusion as more accurate and deeper measure of national progress than economic growth alone. Social inclusion has particular meaning for Kosovo, as it reaches a critical decision point in its history. Kosovo’s sights are set on parity with other European nations as well as EU membership in the near future; however, both of these goals will require a considerable course change in current economic and governance trajectories. Kosovo’s macro-economic and traditional social indicators are not encouraging, with limited growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) failing to reduce the 48 percent unemployment rate, a poverty rate stagnating at 45 percent, Europe’s highest fertility rate and ongoing discrimination Executive Summary between ethnicities, as well as against women. To assist Kosovo in transforming this picture, the Kosovo HDR seeks to define and explore the concept of social inclusion as it applies to Kosovo’s socio-economic balance. It analyzes how exclusive policies and practices affect the economic sphere, both in terms of access to means of income and access to life’s critical necessities. It examines exclusion as it affects Kosovans reaching for education and a basic standard of health. Finally, it looks at how gaps in these sectors are influencing public trust and eroding participation in Kosovo’s hard-won democratic process. The report analysis is based largely on a survey of the perceptions of more than 6,400 respondents entitled Kosovo Mosaic Survey: “Public Services and Local Authorities in Focus”, published by UNDP in 2009. It also synthesizes the findings of a wide range of other reports and surveys, as well as the more limited data available from Kosovo’s institutions and Statistical Office. Some of the findings herein are surprising and counter-intuitive. For example, economic growth and even active employment have not protected the most vulnerable Kosovans from poverty. Nearly a third of those unable to meet critical needs have jobs paying less than a survival wage for their families. Urban areas are more vulner- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | 11
Page 1: The views expressed in this report
Page 4 and 5: VI specific difficulties that group
Page 7: Abbreviations ALMP Active Labour Ma
Page 11 and 12: agents without any true sense of ow
Page 13: Contents Foreword .................
Page 16 and 17: to its society. A dramatic effort t
Page 18 and 19: entated basis for examination of so
Page 20 and 21: services. The chapter examines spec
Page 22 and 23: Table 1.1 Low income and the launch
Page 24 and 25: Ineffective institutional support m
Page 26 and 27: 1 2 3 4 “The basic purpose of dev
Page 28 and 29: Table Human Development Index (HDI)
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER 2 Economic and labour marke
Page 33 and 34: managed to increase its public expe
Page 35 and 36: absence of material well-being and
Page 37 and 38: not protect from exclusion from goo
Page 39 and 40: more than half of its members who a
Page 41 and 42: FIGURe 75 percent of male youth age
Page 43 and 44: Education: the probability of exclu
Page 45 and 46: lower access to services than urban
Page 47 and 48: contract enforcement and privatizat
Page 49 and 50: produce a high risk of social exclu
Page 51 and 52: 3.1 Access to education and exclusi
Page 53 and 54: ns of exclusion as well the composi
Page 55 and 56: sive education depends on deep coop
Page 57 and 58: point these groups more precisely,
Page 59 and 60:
FIGURe 3.2 2004/05 2006/07 Grade 1
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Kosova Education Centre (KEC) was i
Page 63 and 64:
learning in its legislative framewo
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4.1 CHAPTER 4 Health care services
Page 67 and 68:
ported deaths. However, Kosovo face
Page 69 and 70:
the same levels of difficulties as
Page 71 and 72:
to healthcare. For many, it is simp
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4.4 Promoting inclusion in healthca
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5.1 Political participation and exc
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for all Kosovans, the level of publ
Page 79 and 80:
the Department for Registration and
Page 81 and 82:
were women. 188 In minority communi
Page 83 and 84:
with the mayor and his job, two thi
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Table 5.6 % of respondents attendin
Page 87:
public meetings are not always the
Page 90 and 91:
• and created Human Development S
Page 92 and 93:
tion against certain ethnic groups
Page 94 and 95:
passes poor health and education va
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and cross-ministerial collaboration
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to the success of this scheme, by,
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The under-five infant mortality rat
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Human Development Index according t
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Introduction 1 Preparing for a futu
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65 USAID and Swiss Cooperation Offi
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gagement.pdf. 156 See Civic Capacit
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