Kosovo Human Development Report 2010 - UNDP Kosovo - United ...

contract enforcement and privatization
of socially owned land can
significantly contribute to improvements
in land market operations.
(iii) Equip vulnerable groups for
decent work
• Implement Active Labour Market
Programmes (ALMPs) and other
measures promoting employment:
ALMPs can be defined as
policies that support labour market
integration of those who seek
work, usually the unemployed, but
also the underemployed and the
employed that are looking for better
jobs. Typical active measures
are job seeking assistance, labour
market training, job-creation in
the form of public and community
work programmes, enterprise
creation programmes and hiring
subsidies. In the context of Kosovo,
the authorities and specifically the
Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare
should carefully examine a battery
of potential ALMPs and identify
a limited number of interventions,
keeping in mind that ALMPs have
proven to be more successful for
urban beneficiaries than rural ones.
• Focus work-readiness programmes
on long-term unemployed and new
entrants to the job market: these
groups have the highest overall risk
of exclusion. The long-term unemployed
tend to suffer from a cumulative
series of disadvantages which
may include limited literacy skills,
outdated competencies, disability
or poor health and other factors.
Prolonged unemployment and inactivity
early in life are predictors of
lower employability and wages in
later adulthood, as well as risky behaviour
and exposure to violence.
Interventions should be comprehensive
enough to address such
factors that affect employment,
such as lack of affordable child
care, lack of public transportation
options, lack of housing, prejudice
and discrimination – particularly
against women and RAE groups.
• Introduce jobseeker schemes to
prevent unemployment becoming
long-term: these schemes
should operate immediately after
losing a job or entering the job
market. For each jobseeker, they
could identify main obstacles to
finding employment, propose
•
specific measures to overcome
them and define the person’s obligations.
Measures should be targeted
on those most remote from
the labour market and use profiling
techniques to try and increase
the effectiveness of targeting. The
range of services provided could
include child care, literacy courses
and job-training.
Develop and implement coherent
and comprehensive lifelong
learning strategies to increase
labour market integration, with
a focus on women, disadvantaged
ethnic minorities and the
longterm unemployed: training
programmes should be developed
in consultation with employers.
Content and skills that are taught by
Vocational Training Centers should
closely match the demands of the
labour market; training should be
certified; and it should take place
in close cooperation with private
sector employers.
• Scale-up support to small and me-
Most of the job vacancies require working experience which
most of us do not have. It is also difficult to get positions as
interns that could help us to get jobs eventually.
Youth participant of a focus group
ECONOMIC AND LABOUR MARKET EXCLUSION
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