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CITY OP PROPHETS AND APOSTLES. 335<br />

IN HELL AS PROPHESIED.<br />

Leaving the close-communion Calvinistic craft while my<br />

cheeks were yet crimson, and hair flaxen, the clergyman, in a<br />

rage over my irrepressible infidelity, told me I would "go to<br />

hell." And it was true, — infinitely truer than Ms Sunday<br />

preaching, for I went, yes^ went to hell ; and that, too,<br />

while seeking Jesus, or, rather, his footpaths round about<br />

Jerusalem. After passing for half an hour under a scorching<br />

sun along the brow of Mount Zion, dotted with here and<br />

there an olive-tree, I suddenly found myself in the Valley<br />

of Hinnom, Gehenna^ Hell ; the place referred to in<br />

Mark ix. 45, 46, —<br />

" And, if thy foot offend thee, cut it off : it is better for thee to enter<br />

halt into life, than having two feet to be cast into hell, into the fire that<br />

never shall be quenched ; where their worm dieth not, and the fire is<br />

not quenched."<br />

This Valley of Hinnom, on the south-east side of Jerusalem,<br />

is nearly one mile and a half in length ; and in ancient<br />

times there was an image here standing dedicated to Moloch,<br />

to which idolatrous Jews offered human sacrifices, even<br />

their own children. After King Josiah had partially purged<br />

the<br />

land of idolatry, this valley became the common receptacle<br />

of rubbish from the city, and of the dead bodies of<br />

notorious criminals, upon which festering filth worms<br />

reveled. And to stifle the stench, and prevent pestilential<br />

diseases, a fire was there kept continually burning ; hence<br />

this place of fire, or hell-fire. The term Gehenna (Hell),<br />

composed of two Hebrew words, (reg, a valley, and Hinnom^<br />

the name of the man who once owned it, was used by Jesus<br />

figuratively to describe a state of deep, conscious misery. I<br />

do not agree with Theodore Parker that " Jesus taught the<br />

eternity of future punishment." The whole drift of his<br />

moral teachings and parables is against such a conclusion.<br />

True, he employed the phrase, " The fire that shall never he

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