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260 AROUND THE WORLD. THE PARSEES. Youth is the dreamland of life. Reading, when an academic student, of the famous Persian King Darius, contemporary of Buddha, leading an invading army into India, and also of Zoroaster the great Persian religionist, implanted in my soul a deep desire to know something practically of Persian character and religion. Next to Central Persia itself, India, containing over a hundred thousand " fireworshipers," was just the place, inasmuch as they tenaciously retain most of the customs of their ancestors. Exceedingly clannish, dressing in Oriental, robe-shaped apparel, generally white, the Parsees do not intermarry with other nations, nor do they like to eat food prejjared by other people. They consider themselves the chosen of God, and the subjects of special angel ministry. Fair-complexioned, their general appearance is graceful and commanding. They are the Jews of Bombay, the bankers, the money-lenders, the traders. On Malabar Hill they have great wealth and elegant villas. Pious Parsees pray sixteen times each day, maintain their own schools, and take care of their own poor. ZOROASTER, FOUNDER OF THE PARSEE FAITH. It is difficult to determine with exactness the precise period of the world's saviors. That eminent Oriental scholar, M. Haug, puts Zoroaster — Zarathustra Spitama— 2300 B.C., thus antedating Moses. But far better authorities than Haug or R{inan are the earliest Greek writers. It is a momentous consideration, that all' the Greek authors who wrote upon the Magi and the Parsee reHgi on, previous to the Christian era, put Zoroaster back to a period of full six thousand years B.C. Xanthos of Lydia, one of the first writers upon the subject, living about 450 B.C., was a younger contemporary of Darius and Xerxes. His reckoning makes Zoroaster to have been living at a period nearly 6500 B.C.
THE BRAHMO-SOMAJ AND PARSEES. 261 Aristotle, the philosopher and teacher of Alexander the Great, states that Zoroaster lived about six thousand years before the death of Plato (348 B.C.), which would carry us to about 6350 B.C. Eudoxus, Harmodorus, and other Grecian writers, made similar calculations. Hermippus of Smyrna, one of the most ancient authorities among the Greeks upon the religion of the Magi, lived about 250 B.C., making the Zoroastrian books the study of his life; This Hermippus, according to Pliny, was informed by his teacher, Agonakes, a Magian priest, that Zoroaster lived about five thousand years before the Trojan war, occurring 1180 B.C. This would take Zoroaster back to 6180 B.C. That there Avas a Zoroaster in the time of Hystaspes, Darius' father, is not disputed. Zoroaster was a common name in Persia, as was Jesus in Syrian countries. But Zoroaster of the Avesta, the prophet and founder of the Parsee religion, flourished more than eight thousand years since. RELIGIOUS DOCTRINES OF THE PARSEES. Conversing with Ichangir Burjorji Vacha, a Parsee Oriental scholar of Bombay, and perusing the books he so kindly presented, the following is submitted as a general statement of their religious opinions — : They believe in one God, eternal, invisible, — Ahura-Mazda, unity in duahty. Ormuzd, the "highest of spirits," was a tutelary divinity, as was the Jehovah of the Old Testament. This God, Ahura-Mazda, infinitely wise and good, punishes the sinful, and rewards the virtuous for their good deeds. Their theology knows nothing of any sin-atoning Saviour. Their fire-temples have no pulpits. Their priests are teachers, abounding in prayers. Zoroaster was the exalted prophet, the who wrought miracles, who taught men to chief of the wise, pray with their faces towards the light, who enjoined upon men to practice good deeds, and look for a reckoning on the foui'th morning after death.
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260 AROUND THE WORLD.<br />
THE PARSEES.<br />
Youth is the dreamland of life. Reading, when an academic<br />
student, of the famous Persian King Darius, contemporary<br />
of Buddha, leading an invading army into<br />
India, and also of Zoroaster the great Persian religionist,<br />
implanted in my soul a deep desire to know something practically<br />
of Persian character and religion. Next to Central<br />
Persia itself, India, containing over a hundred thousand " fireworshipers,"<br />
was just the place, inasmuch as they tenaciously<br />
retain most of the customs of their ancestors. Exceedingly<br />
clannish, dressing in Oriental, robe-shaped apparel, generally<br />
white, the Parsees do not intermarry with other nations, nor<br />
do they like to eat food prejjared by other people. They<br />
consider themselves the chosen of God, and the subjects of<br />
special angel ministry. Fair-complexioned, their general<br />
appearance is graceful and commanding. They are the Jews<br />
of Bombay, the bankers, the money-lenders, the traders.<br />
On Malabar Hill they have great wealth and elegant villas.<br />
Pious Parsees pray sixteen times each day, maintain their<br />
own schools, and take care of their own poor.<br />
ZOROASTER, FOUNDER OF THE PARSEE FAITH.<br />
It is difficult to determine with exactness the precise<br />
period of the world's saviors. That eminent Oriental<br />
scholar, M. Haug, puts Zoroaster — Zarathustra Spitama—<br />
2300 B.C., thus antedating Moses. But far better authorities<br />
than Haug or R{inan are the earliest Greek writers. It<br />
is a momentous consideration, that all' the Greek authors who<br />
wrote upon the Magi and the Parsee reHgi on, previous to the<br />
Christian era, put Zoroaster back to a period of full six<br />
thousand years B.C.<br />
Xanthos of Lydia, one of the first writers upon the subject,<br />
living about 450 B.C., was a younger contemporary of<br />
Darius and Xerxes. His reckoning makes Zoroaster to have<br />
been living at a period nearly 6500 B.C.