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14 Introduction Chap. 1 Signal propagation Transmit antenna Receive antenna Earth (a) Ground-Wave Propagation (Below 2 MHz) Signal propagation Ionosphere Transmit antenna Earth Receive antenna (b) Sky-Wave Propagation (2 to 30 MHz) Transmit antenna Tower Signal propagation Earth Receive antenna (c) Line-of-Sight (LOS) Propagation (Above 30 MHz) Figure 1–2 Propagation of radio frequencies. waves are refracted (i.e., bent) gradually in an inverted U shape, because the index of refraction varies with altitude as the ionization density changes. The refraction index of the ionosphere is given by [Griffiths, 1987; Jordan and Balmain, 1968] n = C I - 81N f 2 (1–4)
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Abbreviations AC ADC ADM AM ANSI AP
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DIGITAL AND ANALOG COMMUNICATION SY
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CONTENTS PREFACE LIST OF SYMBOLS xi
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Contents v 2-8 Discrete Fourier Tra
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Contents vii 4-16 Transmitters and
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Contents ix 6-10 Appendix: Proof of
Page 26: Contents xi 8-11 Wireless Data Netw
Page 30: PREFACE Continuing the tradition of
Page 34: Preface xv THE PRACTICAL APPLICATIO
Page 38: LIST OF SYMBOLS There are not enoug
Page 42: List of Symbols xix l an integer n
Page 46: List of Symbols xxi DEFINED FUNCTIO
Page 50: C h a p t e r INTRODUCTION CHAPTER
Page 54: Sec. 1-1 Historical Perspective 3 s
Page 58: Sec. 1-2 Digital and Analog Sources
Page 62: Sec. 1-4 Organization of the Book 7
Page 66: Sec. 1-6 Block Diagram of a Communi
Page 70: Sec. 1-7 Frequency Allocations 11 T
Page 74: Sec. 1-8 Propagation of Electromagn
Page 80: 16 Introduction Chap. 1 d Tangent t
Page 84: 18 Introduction Chap. 1 For ease of
Page 88: 20 Introduction Chap. 1 In analog s
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Page 96: 24 Introduction Chap. 1 Constraint
Page 100: 26 Introduction Chap. 1 Code Interl
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Page 112: 32 Introduction Chap. 1 1-5 A cellu
Page 116: C h a p t e r SIGNALS AND SPECTRA C
Page 120: 36 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 w(t)
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40 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 V dc
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42 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 aver
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44 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 wher
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46 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Thes
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48 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 The
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50 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Inte
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52 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 TABL
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54 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Exam
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56 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 DEFI
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( ( 58 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2
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60 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Usin
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62 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 t w
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64 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 TABL
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66 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 wher
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68 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Orth
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70 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 obta
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72 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 2. I
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74 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Pola
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76 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 PROO
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78 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 w(t)
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80 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 PROO
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82 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Inpu
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84 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 is t
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86 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 From
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88 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 0 dB
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90 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Band
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92 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 f s
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94 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 w s
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96 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 W(f)
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98 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 MATL
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100 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 aga
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102 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 TAB
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104 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 We
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106 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 5 T
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108 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 A =
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110 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 the
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112 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 rep
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114 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Sol
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116 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 Sol
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118 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 v(t
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120 w(t) Signals and Spectra Chap.
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122 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 2-3
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124 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 ★
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126 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 2-6
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128 Signals and Spectra Chap. 2 0.0
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ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ 130 Signals and Spectra
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C h a p t e r BASEBAND PULSE AND DI
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134 Baseband Pulse and Digital Sign
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( 192 Baseband Pulse and Digital Si
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196 DPCM transmitter Analog input s
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214 24 DS-0 inputs, 64 kb/s each (1
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216 TABLE 3-9 SPECIFICATIONS FOR T-
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238 Bandpass Signaling Principles a
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242 TABLE 4-1 COMPLEX ENVELOPE FUNC
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314 AM, FM, and Digital Modulated S
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320 TABLE 5-1 AM BROADCAST STATION
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338 TABLE 5-2 FOUR-PLACE VALUES OF
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TABLE 5-6 V.32 MODEM STANDARD Item
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386 Baseband signal processing RF c
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C h a p t e r RANDOM PROCESSES AND
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416 Random Processes and Spectral A
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452 will be WSS if and only if and
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C h a p t e r PERFORMANCE OF COMMUN
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494 Performance of Communication Sy
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508 Upper channel Receiver r(t)=s(t
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518 DPSK signal plus noise in Bandp
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520 QPSK signal plus noise (data ra
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TABLE 7-1 COMPARISON OF DIGITALSIGN
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- f c f c f 566 Performance of Comm
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570 Wire and Wireless Communication
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576 Tip (green wire) POTS line card
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TABLE 8-2 CAPACITY OF PUBLIC-SWITCH
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( 610 Wire and Wireless Communicati
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ƒ ƒ 640 Wire and Wireless Communi
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Channel Broadcast On-the-Air Channe
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Channel Broadcast On-the-Air Channe
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670 Mathematical Techniques, Identi
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678 A-10 TABULATION OF Q (z) Mathem
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A p p e n d i x PROBABILITY AND RAN
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682 Probability and Random Variable
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684 which is identical to Eq. (B-4)
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TABLE B-1 SOME DISTRIBUTIONS AND TH
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ƒ ƒ 704 Probability and Random Va
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710 3. F(a 1 , a 2 ,..., a N ) Prob
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724 Using MATLAB Appendix C Of cour
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726 Using MATLAB Appendix C 6. The
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728 References AT&T, FT-2000 OC-48
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730 References COUCH, L. W., Digita
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732 References HAMMING, R. W., “E
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734 References LIN, D. W., C. CHEN,
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736 References PRITCHARD, W. L., an
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738 References UNGERBOECK, G., “C
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740 Answers to Selected Problems Ch
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742 Answers to Selected Problems 2
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744 Answers to Selected Problems 5-
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746 Answers to Selected Problems h
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748 Index Amplitude shift keying (A
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750 Index Coding/codes (cont.) chan
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752 Index Effective isotropic radia
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754 Index In-phase components, 638
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756 Index Multilevel signaling, 157
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758 Index Process/processing (cont.
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760 Index Signal/signaling (cont.)
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762 Index Two-level data, 165 Two-q
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TABLE 2-2 SOME FOURIER TRANSFORM PA
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