4569846498
Simulation output and interpretation 415 K Tr RC rear Roll axis F ROy F ROz F RIy h A y K Tf F RIz RC front F FOy F FIy F FOz F FIz Fig. 7.19 Free-body diagram roll stiffness model during cornering Consider next the components of force and moment acting on the vehicle body in isolation. Using the roll stiffness model as the basis for the analysis we are treating the body as a single rigid axis with forces and moments transmitted from the front and rear suspensions (axles) at points representing the front and rear roll centres as shown in Figure 7.20. Consider the forces and moments acting on the vehicle body rigid roll axis. Note that we are ignoring the inclination of the roll axis. A roll moment (mA y h) acts about the axis and is resisted in the model by the moments M FRC and M RRC resulting from the front and rear roll stiffnesses K Tf and K Tr : FFRCy FRRCy mAy 0 (7.17) MFRC MRRC mAy h 0 (7.18) The roll moment causes weight transfer between inner and outer wheels (Figure 7.21). Taking moments for each of the front and rear axles shown gives: M ⎛ K FRC Tf ⎞ FFzM may h t ⎜ f KTf K ⎟ 1 ⎝ Tr ⎠ tf (7.19) M ⎛ K ⎞ RRC Tr FRzM may h t ⎜ r KTf K ⎟ 1 ⎝ Tr ⎠ tr (7.20) It can be seen from equations (7.19) and (7.20) that if the front roll stiffness K Tf is greater than the rear roll stiffness K Tr there will be more weight transfer at the front (and vice versa). It can also be seen that an increase in track
416 Multibody Systems Approach to Vehicle Dynamics M RRC F RRCy F FRCy F FOy Roll axis cm h A y M RRC M FRC F RRCy K Tr RC rear F ROy M FRC F RIz F RIy F ROz F FRCy K Tf RC front Z X F FIy Y F FO2 F FIz Fig. 7.20 Forces and moments acting at the roll axis will reduce weight transfer. Consider again a free-body diagram of the body roll axis and the components of force acting at the front and rear roll centres. This gives: F F FRCy RRCy ma y ma y ⎛ b ⎞ ⎝ a b⎠ ⎛ a ⎞ ⎝ a b⎠ (7.21) (7.22) From equations (7.21) and (7.22) we can see that moving the body centre of mass forward would increase the force, and hence weight transfer, reacted through the front roll centre (and vice versa). We can now proceed to find the additional components, F FzL and F RzL , of weight transfer due to the lateral forces transmitted through the roll centres.
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416 Multibody Systems Approach to Vehicle Dynamics<br />
M RRC<br />
F RRCy<br />
F FRCy<br />
F FOy<br />
Roll axis<br />
cm<br />
h<br />
A y<br />
M RRC<br />
M FRC<br />
F RRCy<br />
K Tr<br />
RC rear<br />
F ROy<br />
M FRC<br />
F RIz<br />
F RIy<br />
F ROz<br />
F FRCy K Tf<br />
RC front<br />
Z<br />
X<br />
F FIy<br />
Y<br />
F FO2<br />
F FIz<br />
Fig. 7.20<br />
Forces and moments acting at the roll axis<br />
will reduce weight transfer. Consider again a free-body diagram of the<br />
body roll axis and the components of force acting at the front and rear roll<br />
centres.<br />
This gives:<br />
F<br />
F<br />
FRCy<br />
RRCy<br />
ma<br />
y<br />
ma<br />
y<br />
⎛ b ⎞<br />
⎝ a<br />
b⎠<br />
⎛ a ⎞<br />
⎝ a<br />
b⎠<br />
(7.21)<br />
(7.22)<br />
From equations (7.21) and (7.22) we can see that moving the body centre<br />
of mass forward would increase the force, and hence weight transfer,<br />
reacted through the front roll centre (and vice versa). We can now proceed<br />
to find the additional components, F FzL and F RzL , of weight transfer due<br />
to the lateral forces transmitted through the roll centres.