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Multibody systems simulation software 127 Table 3.6 Units consistency Measurement SI Metric Metric Metric FPS FPS IPS Length m mm cm m ft ft in Velocity m/s mm/s cm/s m/s ft/s ft/s in/s Acceleration m/s 2 mm/s 2 cm/s 2 m/s 2 ft/s 2 ft/s 2 in/s 2 Mass kg kg kg kg slug lbm lbm Force N N kgf kgf lbf lbf lbf Inertia kg m 2 kg mm 2 kg cm 2 kg m 2 slug ft 2 lbm ft 2 lbm in 2 Gravity 9.81 m/s 2 9807 mm/s 2 981 cm/s 2 9.81 m/s 2 32.2 ft/s 2 32.2 ft/s 2 386.1 in/s 2 UCF 1.0 1000 981 9.81 1.0 32.2 386.1 3.5 Pre- and post-processing Most general-purpose multibody systems analysis programs offer a preand post-processor that allows users to define models and evaluate results using the same graphical environment often referred to as a Graphical User Interface (GUI). In recent years the graphical capability of programs such as ADAMS/View has advanced considerably allowing users to build geometries, calculate mass and inertial properties and parameterize models for design studies. The capability to set up Design of Experiments (DOE) studies is another powerful tool that may be exploited during the design phase. Post-processors have the capability to output results in tabular format, x–y plots and continuous graphic animation. The graphical functionality of some programs also allows important results to be plotted and models to be animated as the equations are solved. A typical example of vehicle graphic representation is shown in Figure 3.42. An early customization of MSC.ADAMS for automotive applications was the ADAMS/Vehicle program originally developed as a commercially available product which has been used by engineers from the Newman/ Hass Indy Car racing team (Trungle, 1991). The program allowed a suspension model to be created, carry out an analysis and post-process the results without specialist knowledge of MSC.ADAMS. The program could also be used to automatically generate a full vehicle model, hence the title. The pre-processor included a number of established suspension configurations where the data was input via screen templates using familiar suspension terminology. This has been subsequently replaced by updated products specifically aimed at the automotive areas of suspension and full vehicle modelling. At the time of writing there are two MSC.ADAMS related vehicle products in use, ADAMS/Car and ADAMS/Chassis. A detailed description will not be provided here. Such is the pace of development in these areas that any description will rapidly become outdated. ADAMS/Car has been developed working with a consortium of major vehicle manufacturers including Audi, BMW, Renault and Volvo. The vehicle manufacturers’ involvement included developing the specification for the functionality of the software. This included, for example, determining the suspension systems that would be included, the manoeuvres to be simulated and the outputs and their manner of presentation. An example of the ADAMS/Car graphical interface is shown in Figure 3.43.
128 Mutibody Systems Approach to Vehicle Dynamics Fig. 3.42 Prodrive) MSC.ADAMS vehicle graphical representation (provided courtesy of Fig. 3.43 ADAMS/Car graphical user interface (provided courtesy of MSC.Software) The user interface has been developed from the ADAMS/View environment and includes two basic modes of operation: (i) The Expert User mode is intended for experienced users who have access to the fundamental software modelling elements. As such they are able, for example, to create or modify system model templates of suspensions and steering systems. They would also be able to modify or create test procedures to be simulated.
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128 Mutibody Systems Approach to Vehicle Dynamics<br />
Fig. 3.42<br />
Prodrive)<br />
MSC.ADAMS vehicle graphical representation (provided courtesy of<br />
Fig. 3.43 ADAMS/Car graphical user interface (provided courtesy of<br />
MSC.Software)<br />
The user interface has been developed from the ADAMS/View environment<br />
and includes two basic modes of operation:<br />
(i) The Expert User mode is intended for experienced users who have<br />
access to the fundamental software modelling elements. As such they<br />
are able, for example, to create or modify system model templates of<br />
suspensions and steering systems. They would also be able to modify<br />
or create test procedures to be simulated.