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182
L4
体
TAI, TEI, karada
body
7 strokes
TAIKAKUphysique
FŪTEIposture
karadatsukifigure
Bronze ; seal ; traditional . Has 877
‘bone’, and 811 (‘abundant’) as phonetic
with associated sense i] ‘separate, divide’, giving
‘divide up sacrificial animal carcasse (still with
bones attached)’ (Katō), or ii] ‘neatly set out’, giving
‘sacrificial animal carcass with dismembered
183
台
DAI, TAI
stand, platform
L4
5 strokes
DODAIfoundation
TAIFŪtyphoon
DAIdokorokitchen
Seal ; traditional . Analyses differ. In one
view, 壴 ‘big drum’ over 886 (‘arrive’) with the
sense ‘foot, base’ gives ‘drum stand’ (Ogawa).
parts neatly set out’ (noted in Mizukami). The
simpler form originally represented a separate
word of different pronunciation meaning
‘coarse’, but it appears was adopted later
(Ming Dynasty) in popular usage as an abbreviated
writing for ‘body’, probably regarded as
/ 41 ‘person’ combined with 74 ‘basis’.
Noted in Kangxi zidian as erroneous in this latter
sense, was adopted as official form in the
modern period in Japan. QX2000:299, 306-7;
ZY2009:v1:21:v4:1567-8; MS1995:v2:1476-7.
Mnemonic: THE BODY IS THE BASIS OF A
PERSON
In another view, upper element is taken as
‘watchtower’ over meaning ‘stay’, giving
‘place to stay and watch out’, i.e. ‘watchtower’
(Mizukami). Later abbreviated shape coincides
with a separate graph (originally ‘I, me’
[ 22 ‘mouth, speak’, and ‘enclose and make
one’s own’ as phonetic meaning ‘oneself’]).
OT1968:163; MS1995:v2:1092-3,v1:204-5
Mnemonic: A NOSE IS A SORT OF PLATFORM
FOR A MOUTH
184
地
CHI, JI
ground, land
L4
6 strokes
CHIHŌregion
CHIKAunderground
JImotolocality
Seal . Late graph (Shuowen). Has 64
‘ground’, and (NJK; see Note below) as
phonetic with associated sense ‘extend in
a meandering way’ (Mizukami); Katō and
Tōdō are in broad agreement. Note: was
originally pictograph of a slithering snake
or – in one view – female genitalia (noted in
Mizukami); later borrowed for sound value for
several grammatical function words such as
‘be’, ‘also’. MS1995:v1:264-5,24-5; KJ1970:692;
TA1965:455-57.
Mnemonic: LAND WITH WRIGGLING SNAKES
ON THE GROUND
185
池
CHI, ike
pond, lake
L4
6 strokes
YŌSUICHIreservoir
DENCHIbattery
furuikeold pond
Seal . a late graph (Shuowen). Has ‘water’
42, and (see 184 Note) as phonetic with
associated sense taken as i] ‘extend’, giving
original meaning ‘water channel’ (Tōdō), or ii]
‘bank, dyke’, giving original meaning ‘water
surrounded by dykes’, and hence ‘marshland’
(Katō). ‘Pond’ is an extended sense. TA1965:528-
32; KJ1970:692.
Mnemonic: POND WITH WRIGGLING
WATER-SNAKES
The 160 Second Grade Characters 91