480531170

(Katō), or ii] ‘above, high, opened up, big’, giving
‘sunny ground developed higher up’ (noted in
Mizukami). Shirakawa and Ogawa see as originally
a place to conduct ritual. Sense generalised
to ‘place’. MS1995:v1:274-6; KJ1970:879-80;
162
L4
色
SHOKU, SHIKI, iro
color, sex
6 strokes
KŌSHOKUamorousness
SHIKISOpigment
GIN’irosilver color
A relatively late graph. The form in the
Shuowen is taken as showing a man bending
163
食
SHOKU, taberu, kuu
food, eat
L5
9 strokes
SHOKUJImeal
tabemonofood
kuimonofood, victim
SS1984:459; OT1968:220. Suggest take modern
form as 64 ‘ground’, with 66 ‘sun’ and as rays.
Mnemonic: PLACE WHERE SUN-RAYS SHINE
DOWN ON THE GROUND
over another bent person, to denote sexual
intercourse. The lower element also has a phonetic
role. Extended meanings include ‘sexual
desire’, ‘beautiful woman’, ‘beautiful complexion/color’.
MS1995:v2:1104-05; SS1984:462;
KJ1970:556-7; OT1968:840.
Mnemonic: COLORFUL TALE ABOUT BODIES
BENT IN SEX ACT
Based on pictograph: OBI forms, e.g. , depict
food piled up in vessel, with a top element
taken as a lid (Qiu), or as phonetic with associated
sense ‘bite’, giving ‘eat’ (Mizukami). As a
determinative in compound graphs, can be
. MR2007:322; QX2000:183; OT1968:1114:
MS1995:v2:1454-5.
Mnemonic: FOOD IN A VESSEL WITH LID ON
TOP
164
L4
心
SHIN, kokoro
heart, mind
4 strokes
CHŪSHINcore
SHINZŌheart
magokorosincerity
Based on a pictograph: the bronze forms depict
a heart , as do the OBI forms listed by
Ma. MR2007:433; SS1984:467; KJ1970:560. As
a determinative, in compound graphs often in
short form .
Mnemonic: HEART HAS FOUR PARTS
165
L5
新
13
SHIN, atarashii,
arata, niinew
strokes
SHINNENNew Year
SHINPINnew article
Niigataplace name
The OBI forms , are typically interpreted
as including i] depictions of an ax 1233
and a needle 1535, or ii] an ax and a tree
73, or iii] an ax and a needle with a tree (the
shape here is seen as abbreviation of [as
phonetic with associated sense ‘cut’ or ‘new’]).
Among these, iii] seems to be probably the most
commonly occurrent as an OBI and bronze
compound graph, with the original meaning
of ‘cut a tree (for firewood)’. With regard to how
this graph acquired the sense of ‘new’, Mizukami
and Tōdō consider this may be based on
the sense of ‘newness’ associated with freshly
cut wood. MR2007:504; MS1995:v1:596-8;
KJ1970:575-6; TA1965:778-80. We suggest taking
the modern form as 1233 ‘ax’, 73 ‘tree,
wood’, and 77 ‘stand’.
Mnemonic: AX STANDING BY TREE READY TO
CUT NEW WOOD
86 The 160 Second Grade Characters