480531170
added to indicate meaning of ‘side’ (Ogawa). Schuessler confirms meanings ‘side’ and ‘everywhere’ for , and ‘side’ may well be the extended sense as Katō suggests, but there is the question of why‘person’ would be added to denote the meaning ‘side’. The first analysis seems more persuasive. KJ1970:764; OT1968:77; AS2007:409. Take as ‘side’ 223 and as ‘stand’ 77 strangely. Mnemonic: PERSON STANDING STRANGELY TO THE SIDE 1978 L2 帽 BŌ cap, headgear 12 strokes BŌSHIhat BŌSHŌcap badge GAKUBŌschool cap 1979 貌 BŌ form, appearance L1 14 strokes ZENBŌfull story/picture FŪBŌlooks, appearance HENBŌtransformation Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Original graph is taken to be , showing a person 41 wearing a face mask () (Ogawa, Tōdō). In one view, taken as mask for a deceased person, the mask representing emphasis on 1980 膨 BŌ, fukuramu/reru swell, expand L1 16 strokes BŌDAIswelling BŌMANinflation (air/gas) BŌCHŌBENexpansion valve Late, post-Shuowen graph. Has 209 ‘meat, body’, with (‘drum reverberations’; see Note below) as phonetic with associated sense ‘swell up’, giving ‘flesh/stomach swells up’; then generalized to ‘swell up’. Late, post-Shuowen graph; traditional . Has 1232 ‘cloth’, with 1974 (‘risk, attack’; itself originally meant ‘headgear’) as semantic and phonetic meaning ‘cover’, thus ‘hood, skullcap’. Later, headwear in general. Katō suggests was devised to represent the meaning ‘headgear’once became established to write meanings such as ‘risk; attack’. OT1968:319; KJ1970:771; TA1965:238; GY2008:1436. Take as ‘sun’ 66, ‘eye’ 76. Mnemonic: WEAR CLOTH CAP TO SHADE EYES FROM SUN outer form or appearance, hence the sense ‘form, appearance’ (Shirakawa). (1363, wide semantic range including ‘predatory wild beast’ and ‘crawling insect’) is an element added later (Qiu notes that some see this as abbreviation of [NJK, ‘leopard, panther’]), apparently with a phonetic function. OT1968:951; TA1965:280; SS1984:795-6; QX2000:299; MS1995:v2:1226-9. Take as ‘white’ 69. Mnemonic: PERSON WITH WHITE MASK HAS APPEARANCE OF WILD BEAST Note: Based on OBI occurrences of , the element here is best treated as visual representation of reverberations from a drum (CO 壴 is the stylized shape), not as the more common same-shaped element as in 115 ‘shape, form’ and 1375 ‘color, colorful’. OT1968:828; SS1984:802; GY2008:1367,1896,781; MR2007:313-4; SS1984:790. Take 壴 as ‘samurai’ 521, as strange ‘bean’ 379; and as ‘hairs’. Mnemonic: SAMURAI’S BODY SWELLS AFTER EATING STRANGE HAIRY BEANS The Remaining 1130 Characters 591
1981 L1 謀 16 BŌ, MU, hakaru, hakarigoto plot, stratagem strokes INBŌplot, intrigue MUHON*insurrection BŌRYAKUstratagem Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 118 ‘words; speak’, with 1973 (‘a certain…’) as phonetic with associated sense taken as i] ‘look for, try to find’, thus ‘look for the truth in someone’s words’ or ‘seek opinion’ (Mizukami, Katō), or ii] ‘read (someone’s mind)’, thus ‘plan’ (Ogawa). Later the graph acquired a negative connotation. MS1995:v2:1208-9; KJ1970:757; OT1968:939; AS2007:391. Mnemonic: PLOT DEPENDS UPON A CERTAIN WORD – GOOD STRATAGEM 1982 頬 hō, hoho, KYŌ cheek L1 15 strokes hōbarufill one’s cheeks hōbenirouge hōbonecheekbone Seal ; late graph (Shuowen); traditional (16 strokes). Has 103 ‘head’ (here ‘face’), with ‘on both sides; put between’ (see Note below), giving ‘that which is on 1983 L1 朴 6 BOKU, hō simple, artless, type of magnolia strokes JUNBOKUsimple, honest SOBOKUplain, simple hō no kitype of magnolia Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 73 ‘tree, wood’, with 96 (‘crack’, ‘divination’) as phonetic with associated sense ‘snap, break’, both sides of the face’, i.e. ‘cheek(s)’. Note: OBI form for shows two smaller people standing either side of big person with arms outstretched. Qiu gives original meaning as ‘on two sides’; extended to ‘put between, insert’ (later written 1221, q.v). QX2000:187; SS1984:1100,189; OT1968:246; AS2007:300. Take as ‘man’ 601 and 70 as ‘away’. Mnemonic: MAN IS BIG-HEADED AND GETS AWAY WITH IT – WHAT CHEEK! giving ‘tree bark’. It seems that another word having the same pronunciation in early Chinese meaning ‘as yet untouched/ unworked natural tree wood’, once written (NJK), was sometimes written by substituting instead. Used in this way, acquired an extended sense from , i.e. ‘naïve, unsophisticated, artless’. TA1965:317- 9; DJ2009:v2:463,467; GY2008:229-30. Mnemonic: MAGNOLIA WOOD SIMPLY CRACKS 1984 L1 睦 13 BOKU, mutsu(majii) harmonious, friendly strokes SHINBOKUfriendship mutsugotolovers’ talk WABOKUreconciliation Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 76 ‘eye’, with 坴 627 (CO; ‘earth mound’, ‘clods of earth’, see) as phonetic with associated sense taken as i] ‘follow’, giving ‘submissive gaze/ look’ (Katō), or ii] ‘soften, moderate’, giving – in similar vein – ‘softened gaze’ (Ogawa). By extension, ‘harmonious, intimate’. KJ1970:45; OT1968:702; GY2008:1583. Mnemonic: GETTING CLODS OF EARTH IN THE EYE IS FRIENDLY!? 592 The Remaining 1130 Characters
- Page 542 and 543: How, though, did the graph come to
- Page 544 and 545: as depicting one person leaning aga
- Page 546 and 547: 1826 L1 寧 NEI, mushiro peace,
- Page 548 and 549: 1833 婆 BA, baba Seal ( ) . The se
- Page 550 and 551: ing things, thus ‘grow, cultivate
- Page 552 and 553: 1847 L1 剥 HAKU, hagu/gasu peel, s
- Page 554 and 555: form, which has firewood projecting
- Page 556 and 557: 1861 L1 氾 5 HAN flood, deluge, ov
- Page 558 and 559: 1868 販 HAN sell, trade L2 11 stro
- Page 560 and 561: 1874 L1 繁 HAN, shigeru profuse
- Page 562 and 563: 1879 L2 彼 HI, kare, kano, ano
- Page 564 and 565: 1886 L1 罷 HI, makaru cease, leave
- Page 566 and 567: 1892 L1 肘 hiji elbow 7 strokes
- Page 568 and 569: 1898 L1 描 BYŌ, egaku depict, dra
- Page 570 and 571: and flattish’; overall meaning is
- Page 572 and 573: later represented by changing deter
- Page 574 and 575: at clerical script stage. Note: 尃
- Page 576 and 577: kami notes a different view that se
- Page 578 and 579: 1929 L1 噴 FUN, fuku emit, spout,
- Page 580 and 581: taken as ‘avoid’, thus ‘hangi
- Page 582 and 583: 1942 癖 HEKI, kuse habit, kink L1
- Page 584 and 585: out metal fitting’ (on a gate/doo
- Page 586 and 587: 1956 泡 HŌ, awa Seal ; a late gra
- Page 588 and 589: graph has the same structure but is
- Page 590 and 591: (both interpretations are listed in
- Page 594 and 595: 1985 L1 僕 BOKU, shimobe manser
- Page 596 and 597: 1991 L1 奔 HON run, bustle 8 st
- Page 598 and 599: 1997 磨 MA, migaku polish, scour,
- Page 600 and 601: 2003 又 mata again L1 2 strokes
- Page 602 and 603: strange’. An alternative analysis
- Page 604 and 605: not done also). The original meanin
- Page 606 and 607: 2022 盲 MŌ, mekura blind L1 8 str
- Page 608 and 609: ut ‘fire’. This commentator (Gu
- Page 610 and 611: 2034 L1 愉 YU joy, pleasure 12 str
- Page 612 and 613: 2040 湧 YŪ, waku , for which ther
- Page 614 and 615: 2046 L1 融 YŪ, tokeru dissolve, m
- Page 616 and 617: ment in bronze stage equivalents of
- Page 618 and 619: ing it a distinct possibility that
- Page 620 and 621: 2063 拉 RA, RATSU, hishigu/ Seal ;
- Page 622 and 623: 2069 L1 2070 L1 酪 13 RAKU d
- Page 624 and 625: 2076 L1 履 RI, haku footwear, walk
- Page 626 and 627: 2081 L1 竜 RYŪ, tatsu dragon 1
- Page 628 and 629: suggesting orderly construction rat
- Page 630 and 631: Mizukami). Sense modified (dependin
- Page 632 and 633: 2098 L1 倫 RIN principles, ethi
- Page 634 and 635: 2104 励 RUI, hagemu/masu later var
- Page 636 and 637: 2109 隷 REI the seal script, came
- Page 638 and 639: 2114 L1 烈 RETSU fierce, intens
- Page 640 and 641: 2121 賂 RO, mainai Seal ; late gra
1981<br />
L1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
謀<br />
16<br />
BŌ, MU, hakaru,<br />
hakarigoto<br />
plot, stratagem<br />
strokes<br />
INBŌplot, intrigue<br />
MUHON*insurrection<br />
BŌRYAKUstratagem<br />
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 118<br />
‘words; speak’, with 1973 (‘a certain…’) as<br />
phonetic with associated sense taken as i]<br />
‘look for, try to find’, thus ‘look for the truth in<br />
someone’s words’ or ‘seek opinion’ (Mizukami,<br />
Katō), or ii] ‘read (someone’s mind)’, thus ‘plan’<br />
(Ogawa). Later the graph acquired a negative<br />
connotation. MS1995:v2:1208-9; KJ1970:757;<br />
OT1968:939; AS2007:391.<br />
Mnemonic: PLOT DEPENDS UPON A CERTAIN<br />
WORD – GOOD STRATAGEM<br />
1982<br />
頬<br />
hō, hoho, KYŌ<br />
cheek<br />
L1<br />
15 strokes<br />
hōbarufill one’s cheeks<br />
hōbenirouge<br />
hōbonecheekbone<br />
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen); traditional<br />
(16 strokes). Has 103 ‘head’ (here<br />
‘face’), with ‘on both sides; put between’<br />
(see Note below), giving ‘that which is on<br />
1983<br />
L1<br />
朴<br />
6<br />
BOKU, hō<br />
simple, artless, type of<br />
magnolia<br />
strokes<br />
JUNBOKUsimple, honest<br />
SOBOKUplain, simple<br />
hō no kitype of magnolia<br />
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 73<br />
‘tree, wood’, with 96 (‘crack’, ‘divination’) as<br />
phonetic with associated sense ‘snap, break’,<br />
both sides of the face’, i.e. ‘cheek(s)’. Note:<br />
OBI form for shows two smaller people<br />
standing either side of big person with arms<br />
outstretched. Qiu gives original meaning as<br />
‘on two sides’; extended to ‘put between, insert’<br />
(later written 1221, q.v). QX2000:187;<br />
SS1984:1100,189; OT1968:246; AS2007:300.<br />
Take as ‘man’ 601 and 70 as ‘away’.<br />
Mnemonic: MAN IS BIG-HEADED AND GETS<br />
AWAY WITH IT – WHAT CHEEK!<br />
giving ‘tree bark’. It seems that another<br />
word having the same pronunciation in<br />
early Chinese meaning ‘as yet untouched/<br />
unworked natural tree wood’, once written<br />
(NJK), was sometimes written by<br />
substituting instead. Used in this way,<br />
acquired an extended sense from , i.e.<br />
‘naïve, unsophisticated, artless’. TA1965:317-<br />
9; DJ2009:v2:463,467; GY2008:229-30.<br />
Mnemonic: MAGNOLIA WOOD SIMPLY<br />
CRACKS<br />
1984<br />
L1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
睦<br />
13<br />
BOKU, mutsu(majii)<br />
harmonious,<br />
friendly<br />
strokes<br />
SHINBOKUfriendship<br />
mutsugotolovers’ talk<br />
WABOKUreconciliation<br />
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 76<br />
‘eye’, with 坴 627 (CO; ‘earth mound’, ‘clods of<br />
earth’, see) as phonetic with associated sense<br />
taken as i] ‘follow’, giving ‘submissive gaze/<br />
look’ (Katō), or ii] ‘soften, moderate’, giving –<br />
in similar vein – ‘softened gaze’ (Ogawa). By<br />
extension, ‘harmonious, intimate’. KJ1970:45;<br />
OT1968:702; GY2008:1583.<br />
Mnemonic: GETTING CLODS OF EARTH IN<br />
THE EYE IS FRIENDLY!?<br />
592 The Remaining 1130 Characters
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