480531170

ing things, thus ‘grow, cultivate’. Note: In one
view, 咅 has 22 ‘mouth; speak’, with top element
which is not 77 ‘stand’ but a variant of
600 ‘not’, serving as semantic and phonetic,
giving ‘spit in refusal’, or just ‘spit’ (Katō, Tōdō).
Shirakawa takes 咅 as originally depicting
ripe fruit about to split. OT1968:219,178;
KJ1970:758; TA1965:158; SS1984:686,798. Take
as ‘stand’, ‘hole’.
Mnemonic: STAND IN HOLE IN GROUND TO
CULTIVATE GROWTH
1840
陪
BAI
attend, accompany
L1
11 strokes
BAISHINjury
BAIJŪwait upon, accompany
BAISHINretainer
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 262
‘hill, mound’, with 咅 (‘spit’; see 1839 Note) as
phonetic with associated sense ‘pile up, swell’,
giving ‘pile earth up high’. Originally, and
1839 (later: ‘cultivate, grow’) were interchangeable,
meaning ‘increase, add to’, but
over time came to be distinguished, being
used in extended senses ‘accompany’ and ‘attend’.
KJ1970:758; OT1968:1070; SS1984:686;
AS2007:159. Take as ‘stand’ 77, ‘hole’ 22.
Mnemonic: ACCOMPANYING ATTENDANT
STANDS IN HOLE IN HILLSIDE
1841
媒
BAI
intermediary
L1
12 strokes
BAIKAImediation
BAITAI medium
SHOKUBAI catalyst
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 37
‘woman’, with 1973 (‘a certain’) as phonetic
with associated sense usually taken as
‘consult, seek opinion’, giving original meaning
‘mediate in marriage alliance’. ‘Intermediary’
is the generalized sense. A divergent view
takes as phonetic with associated sense
‘give birth to child’, thus ‘man and woman
join and have a child’ (Tōdō). KJ1970:757-8;
OT1968:261; GY2008:1524-5; TA1965:166-8.
Mnemonic: A CERTAIN WOMAN ACTS AS
INTERMEDIARY
1842
賠
BAI
compensate
L1
15 strokes
BAISHŌcompensation
BAISHŌKIN damages
SONGAIBAISHŌ indemnity
A very late post-Shuowen graph. Has 10
‘shell currency, money’, with 咅 (‘spit’; see
1839 Note) as phonetic with associated sense
taken either as i] ‘supplement’ (Ogawa), or ii]
‘return, give back’ (Katō), in either case giving
the overall meaning ‘make up for loss with
valuables’. Shirakawa makes a slightly different
analysis, taking the associated phonetic sense
as ‘swell up’, giving ‘make up for loss of valuables’.
OT1968:960; KJ1970:759; SS1984:686-7.
As with 1839 and 1840, we suggest taking
as ‘stand’ 77, and ‘hole’ 22.
Mnemonic: COMPENSATED WITH
SHELL-MONEY FOR STANDING IN HOLE
The Remaining 1130 Characters 549